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Beyond familial risk: deriving risk-adapted starting ages of screening among people with a family history of colorectal cancer

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Cancer Communications 2023年第12期43卷 1377-1380页

作者： Xuechen Chen thomas Heisser Rafael Cardoso Julia Hibbert Michael Hoffmeister hermann Brenner Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Medical Faculty Heidelberg Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Division of Preventive Oncology German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany

Dear Editor,Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common cancer globally[1],even though a large proportion of those cancers would be preventable by screening.Among those with a family history(FH)of CRC,it is commonly recommended to start screening at younger ages,e.g.,at age 40 or 10 years younger than the age at diagnosis of the youngest affected first-degree relative[2–5].Even within the group of those with a FH,risk of CRC is not homogeneous and depends on factors such as the number of affected relatives and the age at which the relatives were diagnosed with CRC[6,7],lifestyles,and genetic background profiles.However,these metrics except genetic factors may change over lifetime,which limits their use for defining starting ages of screening.The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a polygenic risk score(PRS),which combines information from CRC-related risk variants[8]and genetically determined sex(2 constant and established CRC risk factors),could effectively contribute to enhanced risk stratification.We also aimed to determine if it could assist in defining risk-adapted starting ages for CRC screening,even in individuals with a FH of CRC.The assessment was performed using the wellestablished metric of risk advancement periods(RAPs)[9],which measures the impact of an exposure on the relation of age to disease.

关键词： starting adapted younger

A single measurement of fecal hemoglobin concentration outperforms polygenic risk score in colorectal cancer risk assessment

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Cancer Communications 2023年第8期43卷 947-950页

作者： Tobias Niedermaier Elizabeth Alwers Xuechen Chen thomas Heisser Michael Hoffmeister hermann Brenner Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergBaden-WürttembergGermany Medical Faculty Heidelberg Heidelberg UniversityHeidelbergBaden-WürttembergGermany Division of Preventive Oncology German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergBaden-WürttembergGermany German Cancer Consortium(DKTK) German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)HeidelbergBaden-WürttembergGermany

Dear Editors,Large-scale genome-wide association studies have identified an increasing number of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)that are associated with colorectal cancer(CRC)risk[1].Polygenic risk scores(PRS)based on all established SNPs enable clinically relevant risk assessment that may help to develop novel risk-adapted prevention and screening strategies.

关键词： colorectal prevention cancer

Particle flow simulations with homogenised lattice Boltzmann methods

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Particuology 2017年第5期15卷 1-13页

作者： Mathias J. Krause Fabian Klemens thomas Henn Robin Trunk hermann Nirschl Institute for Applied and Numerical Mathematics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 76021 Karlsruhe Germany Institute for Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

An alternative approach to simulating arbitrarily shaped particles submersed in viscous fluid in two dimensions is proposed, obtained by adapting the velocity parameter of the equilibrium distribution function of a standard lattice Boltzmann method （LBM）. Comparisons of exemplifying simulations to results in the literature validate the approach as well as the convergence analysis. Pressure fluctuations occurring in Ladd＇s approach are greatly reduced. In comparison with the immersed boundary method, this approach does not require cost intensive interpolations. The parallel efficiency of LBM is retained. An intrinsic momentum transfer is observed during particle-particle collisions. To demonstrate the capa- bilities of the approach, sedimentation of particles of several shapes is simulated despite omitting an explicit particle collision model.

关键词： Particulate flow simulationsArbitrarily shaped particlesLattice Boltzmann methodsValidationSedimentation processes

Altered PIWI-LIKE 1 and PIWI-LIKE 2 mRNA expression in ejaculated spermatozoa of men with impaired sperm characteristics

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第3期20卷 260-264页

作者： Maria Giebler thomas Greither Lisa Muller Carina Mosinger hermann M Behre Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg Halle (Saale) 06120 Germany.

In about half the cases of involuntary childlessness, a male infertility factor is involved. The PIWI-LIKE genes, a subclade of the Argonaute protein family, are involved in RNA silencing and transposon control in the germline. Knockout of murine Piwi-like 1 and 2 homologs results in complete infertility in males. The aim of this study was to analyze whether the mRNA expression of human PIWI-LIKE I-4 genes is altered in ejaculated spermatozoa of men with impaired sperm characteristics. Ninety male participants were included in the study, among which 47 were with normozoospermia, 36 with impaired semen characteristics according to the World Health Organization （WHO） manual, 5th edition, and 7 with azoospermia serving as negative control for the PIWI-LIKE 1-4 mRNA expression in somatic cells in the ejaculate. PIWI-LIKE 1-4 mRNA expression in the ejaculated spermatozoa of the participants was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. In nonazoospermic men, PIWIoLIKE 1-4 mRNA was measurable in ejaculated spermatozoa in different proportions. PIWI-LIKE 1 （100.0%） and PIWI-LIKE 2 （49.4%） were more frequently expressed than PIWI-LIKE3 （9.6%） and PIWI-LIKE 4 （15.7%）. Furthermore, a decreased PIWI-LIKE2 mRNA expression showed a significant correlation with a decreased sperm count （P = 0.022） and an increased PIWI-LIKE 1 mRNA expression with a decreased progressive motility （P = 0.048）. PIWI-LIKE 1 and PIWI-LIKE 2 mRNA expression exhibited a significant association with impaired sperm characteristics and may be a useful candidate for the evaluation of the impact of PIWI-LIKE 1-4 mRNA expression on male infertility.

关键词： male infertility Piwi PIWI-LIKEgenes sperm quality parameters

Variant signaling topology at the cancer cell–T-cell interface induced by a two-component T-cell engager

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第6期18卷 1568-1570页

作者： Dina Kouhestani Maria Geis Saed Alsouri thomas GPBumm hermann Einsele Markus Sauer Gernot Stuhler Department of Internal Medicine II Hematology and OncologyUniversity Clinic WürzburgWürzburgGermany Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics University WürzburgWürzburgGermany

Bispecific T-cell-engaging antibodies(BiTEs)convey antigenic information from cancer to the T-lymphocyte-associated CD3 complex,thus redirecting immune effector cells to induce target cell lysis.Since antigenic information from transformed tissues is rarely unambiguous,we recently introduced novel T-cell-engaging antibody fragments called hemibodies for the combinatorial,ultraprecise targeting of cancer.1 Here,we report the unprecedented enhancement of the plasticity of immunological synapse(IS)formation and variant signaling topology at the cancer cell–T-cell interface induced by hemibodies compared to that induced by BiTEs.

关键词： cancer interface topology

Galactic Route to the Strong Coupling Constant α_s(m_z) and Its Implication on the Mass Constituents of the Universe

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2022年第12期10卷 3572-3585页

作者： Hans hermann Otto Materials Science and Crystallography Clausthal University of Technology Clausthal-Zellerfeld Germany

Some fundamental physical quantities need an alternative description. We derive the word average value of interaction coupling constant αs(mz) from the observed maximum galactic rotation velocity by the simple relation , where is the velocity, at which the difference between galactic rotation velocity and thomas precession is equal, and α is Sommerfeld’s constant. The result is in excellent agreement with the value of αs = 0.1170 ± 0.0019, recently measured and verified via QCE analysis by CERN researchers. One can formulate a reciprocity relation, connecting αs with the circle constant: . It is the merit of Preston Guynn to derive the Milky Way maximum value of the galactic rotation velocity βg, pointing to its “extremely important role in all physics”. The mass (energy) constituents of the Universe follow a golden mean hierarchy and can simply be related to the maximum of Guynn’s difference velocity respectively to αs(mz), therewith excellently confirming Bouchet’s WMAP data analysis. We conclude once more that the golden mean concept is the leading one of nature.

关键词： Strong Coupling Constant Sommerfeld’ Constant Gravitational Coupling Constant Galactic Velocity Structure-Matter Theory Reciprocity Relation Goldem Mean Hierarchy Mass and Energy Constituents of the Universe Superconductivity Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry Unification of Science

Comment to Guynn’s Fine-Structure Constant Approach

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2022年第9期10卷 2796-2804页

作者： Hans hermann Otto Materials Science and Crystallography Clausthal University of Technology Clausthal-Zellerfeld Lower Saxony Germany

Sommerfeld’s fundamental fine-structure constant α once more gives reason to be amazed. This comment is a Chapter of a publication in preparation dealing mainly with golden ratio signature behind Preston Guynn’s famous matter/space approach. As a result we present a relation of α to the galactic velocity , mediated by the circle constant π, which points to an omnipresent importance of this constant and its intrinsic reciprocity pecularity: α ≈ π2|βg| respectively . The designation fine-structure constant should be replaced simply by Sommerfeld’s constant. We present golden mean-based approximations for α as well as for electron’s charge and mass and connect the word average value of interaction coupling constant αs(mz) with |βg|.

关键词： Structure-Matter Theory thomas Precession Sommerfeld’ Constant Galactic Velocity Reciprocity Relation Goldem Mean Gyromagnetic Factor Unification of Science

Generating a New Higher-Dimensional Ultra-Short Pulse System: Lie-Algebra Valued Connection and Hidden Structural Symmetries

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第2期29卷 29-32页

作者： hermann T.Tchokouansi Victor K.Kuetche Abbagari Souleymanou thomas B.Bouetou Timoleon C.Kofane National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaounde IP.O.Box 8390Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaounde IP.O.Box 812Cameroon Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaounde IP.O.Box 812Cameroon

We carry out the hidden structural symmetries embedded within a system comprising ultra-short pulses which propagate in optical nonlinear media.Based upon the Wahlquist Estabrook approach,we construct the Liealgebra valued connections associated to the previous symmetries while deriving their corresponding Lax-pairs,which are particularly useful in soliton theory.In the wake of previous results,we extend the above prolongation scheme to higher-dimensional systems from which a new (2+ 1)-dimensional ultra-short pulse equation is unveiled along with its inverse scattering formulation,the application of which are straightforward in nonlinear optics where an additional propagating dimension deserves some attention.

关键词： theory nonlinear straight

Tunable Photonic Band Gaps In Photonic Crystal Fibers Filled With a Cholesteric Liquid Crystal

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 15-16页

作者： thomas Tanggaard Larsen David Sparre hermann Anders Bjarklev Research Center COM Technical University of Denmark DK-2800 Lyngby DenmarkLiquid Crystal Physics Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg SwedenResearch Center COM Technical University of Denmark DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark

A photonic crystal fiber has been filled with a cholesteric liquid crystal. A temperature sensitive photonic band gap effect was observed, which was especially pronounced around the liquid crystal phase transition tem... 详细信息

关键词： PCF of as Te for on from have Tunable Photonic Band Gaps In Photonic Crystal Fibers Filled With a Cholesteric Liquid Crystal CLC