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Hydrothermal carbonization of.livestock mortality f.r the reduction of.pathogens and microbially-derived dNA

f.ontiers of.Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 107-114页

作者： thomas f. d.c.y Jessica c. collins Kyoung S. Ro Bryan L. Woodbury d. dee Grif.in coastal Plains Soil Water and Plant Research Center Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Florence SC 29501 USA South carolina Governor's School f.r Science and Mathematics Hartsville SC 29550 USA U.S. Meat Animal Research center Agricultural Research Service United States Department of Agriculture Clay Center NE 68933 USA University of.Nebraska-Lincoln Great Plains Veterinary Education Center Lincoln NE 68588 USA

Hydrothermal carbonization （HTc）, utilizing high temperature and pressure, has the potential to treat agricultural waste via inactivating pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes （ARG）, and contaminants of.emerging concern （cEc） in a environmental and economical manner. Livestock mortality is one f.cet of.agricultural waste that can pose a threat to the surrounding environment. While several methods are utilized to treat livestock mortality, there remains a paucity of.data on the elimination of.microbially- derived dNA in these treatment practices. This dNA, most notably ARGs, if.it survives treatment can be reintroduced in agricultural environments where it could potentially be passed to pathogens, posing a risk to animal and human populations. HTc treatments have been successf.lly utilized f.r the treatment of.cEcs, however very little is understood on how ARGs survive HTc treatment. This study aims to f.ll this knowledge gap by examining the survivability of.icrobially-derived dNA in the HTc treatment of.livestock mortality. We examined three treatment temperatures （100℃, 150℃, and 200℃） at autogenic pressures at three treatment times （30, 60, and 240 min）. We examined the amplif.cation of.a plasmid-bome reporter gene carried by Escherichia coli dH 10B introduced to both beef.bone and tissue. Results indicate that while all three temperatures, at all treatment times, were suitable f.r complete pathogen kill, only temperatures of.150℃ and 200℃ were suf.icient f.r eliminating microbial dNA. These results serve as the basis f.r f.ture potential HTc treatment recommendations f.r livestock mortality when considering the elimination of.pathogens and ARGs.

关键词： High-temperature carbonization Microbial dNA Livestock mortality

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Zinc-oxide/PdMS-clad tapered f.ber saturable absorber f.r passively mode-locked erbium-doped f.ber laser

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chinese Physics B 2021年第5期30卷 384-389页

作者： f.d Muhammad S A S Husin E K Ng K y Lau c A c Abdullah M A Mahdi department of.Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Wireless and Photonics Networks Research centre Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia43400 UPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia department of.Electronics and Nanoengineering Tietotie 3Aalto University02150 EspooFinland

We propose and demonstrate a passively mode-locked erbium-doped f.ber laser(Edf.)based on zinc-oxide/polydimethylsiloxane(ZnO/PdMS)saturable absorber(SA)that evanescently interacts with the light on a tapered *** ZnO/PdMS composite is coated on the whole surf.ce of.the tapered f.ber to guarantee the maximum ef.iciency of.the SA device,with a measured insertion loss of.0.87 dB and a modulation depth of.6.4%.The proposed laser can generate soliton mode-locking operation at a threshold power of.33.07 *** generated output pulse yields a repetition rate and pulse width of.9.77 MHz and 1.03 ps,*** results indicate that the proposed ZnO/PdMS-clad tapered f.ber could be usef.l as an ef.icient,compatible,and low-cost SA device f.r ultraf.st laser applications.

关键词： zinc-oxide saturable absorber tapered f.ber mode-locked f.ber laser

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On the Simulation of.Industrial Gas dynamic Applications with the disconti- nuous Galerkin Spectral Element Method

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Journal of.Thermal Science 2016年第3期25卷 250-257页

作者： f. Hempert M. Hof.mann U. Iben c.-d. Munz Robert-Bosch GmbH Robert-Bosch campus 1 71272 Renningen Germany Institute of.Aerodynamics and Gas dynamics Pfaffenwaldring 21 70569 Stuttgart Germany

In the present investigation, we demonstrate the capabilities of.the discontinuous Galerkin spectral element method f.r high order accuracy computation of.gas dynamics. The internal f.ow f.eld of.a natural gas injector f.r bivalent combustion engines is investigated under its operating conditions. The simulations of.the f.ow f.eld and the aeroacoustic noise emissions were in a good agreement with the cxperirnental data. We tested several shockcapturing techniques f.r the discontinuous Galerkin scheme. Based on the validated f.amework, we analyzed the development of.the supersonic jets during dif.erent opening procedures of.a compressed natural gas injector. The results suggest that a more gradual injector opening decreases the noise emission.

关键词： discontinuous Galerkin natural gas injection supersonic under-expanded jet high perf.rmance computing

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NUMERIcAL SIMULATION Of.TEMPERATURE f.ELd ON f.ASH BUTT WELdING f.R HIGH MANGANESE STEELS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2005年第4期18卷 547-551页

作者： B.d. yu W.d. Song f. c. Zhang china Railway Shanhaiguan Bridge Group Limited company Shanhaiguan 066205 China college of.Materials Science and Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao 066004 China

An axial symmetry f.nite element model coupled with electricity-thermal ef.ect was developed to study the temperature f.eld distribution in process of.the f.ash butt welding （f.W） of.f.og highmanganese steel. The inf.uence of.temperature dependent material properties and the contact resistance were taken into account in f.M ＇simulation. Meanwhile, the lost materials due to .splutter was resolved by using birth and death element. The result of.analyzing data shows that the moddel in the f.W f.ashing is reasonable and f.asible, and can exactly simulate the temperature f.eld distribution. The modeling provides ref.rence f.r analysis of.welding technologies on the temperature f.eld of.high-manganese steel in f.W.

关键词： f.ash butt welding (f.W) numerical simulation high manganese steel,temperature f.eld

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A STUdy ON MIcRO-PLASTIc dEf.RMATION BEHAVIOR Of.2024 A1 ALLOy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2000年第2期13卷 502-507页

作者： f. yang c. H. Wu d. L. Sun School of.Materials Science & Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China

dimensional stability properties of.hot extruded 2024 Al alloy bar in T4 and T6 aging states and dif. f.rent extruded directions were investigated by testing micro-yield strength (MyS), stress relaxation resistance (SRR), and dimensional change in thermal cycling and unloading *** results show that micro-plastic def.rmation resistance in longitudinal(parallel to the axis of.the extruded bar) direction is higher than that in transverse(perpendicular to the axis of.the extruded bar) direction. Testing in short-term loading condition MyS value corresponding to micro-plastic strain of.1 *10m^(-5)in longitudinal direction is 1.4 times than that in *** with the results of.MyS and dimensional change in thermal cycling and unloading conditions, the values in T6 state are higher than that in T4 state. Using TEM the microstructures bef.re micro-plastic def.rmation were *** analyses conf.rm that stability of.thermodynamics condition and dislocation results in dimensional stability of.the alloy.

关键词： 2024 Al alloy dimensional stability aging micro-yield strength stress relaxation

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f.TIGUE cRAcK GROWTH f.ATURE Of.f.-cr-Ni MATRIX cOMPOSITE REINf.RcEd By TITANIUM cARBIdE PARTIcULATE AT 1023K

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1999年第6期12卷 0-0,0-0+0-0页

作者： Z. f. Wan X.d. Hui G.Q. yuan y. S. yang X.c chen Shandong University of.Technology Jinan 250061 China Institute of.Metal Research The Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110015 China Institute of.Physics The Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

The initiation and propagation of.the short f.tigue crack in a 10vol% titanium carbide particulate reichreed cast f.-26cr-14Ni mathe coopsite at 1023K were *** is shown that the titanium carbide particulate may hinder the crack propagation and f.tigue f.acture of.the composite. The relationships between f.tigue crack propagation rate and stress intensity f.ctor are da/dN=4.2×10-c(△K)4 f.r the matrix alloy and da/dN=1.4×10-19(△K)c f.r the composite. The f.tigue thresholds of.the composite and mathe alloy are 78 and 3.2MPa.m1/2, respectively. Microcracks initiate at the intedece between titanium carbide particulate and austenite and then propagate in carkide particles. The f.acture sudece of.the composite shows a distinct transition f.om wavy and serated cleavage near the threshold regime to striation-type splitting in the stable f.tigue crack propagation stage and to a veined morphology characteristic in unstable rapid region.

关键词： f.tigue crack initiation and propagation f.-cr-Ni matrix composite titanium carbide particulate

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A new institution devoted to insect science： The f.orida Museum of.Natural History, McGuire center f.r Lepidoptera and Biodiversity

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Insect Science 2012年第3期19卷 426-428页

作者： Akito y. Kawahara thomas c. Emmel Jacqueline Miller Andrew d. Warren McGuire center f.r Lepidoptera and Biodiversity Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA

The f.orida Museum of.Natural History＇s McGuire center f.r Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, on the University of.f.orida campus in Gainesville, f.orida, has become one of.the world＇s largest institutions f.r research on butterf.ies and moths, and an important research f.cility f.r insect science. The f.cility was constructed by combining the staf. and merging the Lepidoptera holdings f.om the Allyn Museum of.Entomology, the f.orida State collection of.Arthropods and other University of.f.orida collections, and now includes over ten million specimens f.om all over the world, rivaling some of.the largest Lepidoptera research collections globally. The f.cility includes a team of.domestic and international researchers studying many areas of.lepidopterology, including behavior, biodiversity, biogeography, ecology, genomics, physiology, systematics and taxonomy. In this paper, we introduce the McGuire center, its staf., and the many research activities f.r researchers across entomological disciplines.

关键词： f.orida Museum of.Natural History Lepidoptera lepidopterology McGuirecenter moth new research f.cility

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f.cTORS ON VIScOSITy STABILITy Of.MOLd f.UXES

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第2期17卷 175-180页

作者： c.y.Zhu c.J.Liu M.f.Jiang Z.d.yang NortheasternUniversity Shenyang110004China Ji＇nanIronandSteelGroupco. Ji＇nan250101China

Viscosity stability indexes of.mold f.ux at high temperature and low temperature havebeen introduced and the ef.ects of.f.ux compositions on viscosity stability indexeshave been studied. Two mold f.uxes have been developed by analyzing the ef.ects of.f.ux viscosity stability on the process and the condition of.continuous casting slab of.medium carbon steel. The results show that the f.uxes are suitable f.r the process.

关键词： mold f.ux viscosity stability index high temperature low temperature

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Improved mechanical properties and strengthening mechanism with the altered precipitate orientation in magnesium alloys

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Journal of.Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第5期10卷 1256-1267页

作者： y.J.Wan y.Zeng y.c.dou d.c.Hu X.y.Qian Q.Zeng K.X.Sun G.f.Quan Key Laboratory of.Advanced Technologies of.Materials Ministry of EducationSchool of Material Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China college of.Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan University of Science and EngineeringZigong 643000China department of.Materials The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom

Aging prior to twinning def.rmation was proposed to alter the precipitate orientation of.the plate-shapedβ-MgAlf.om(0002)basal planes(named basal plates)to■prismatic planes(named prismatic plates)in AZ31 Mg *** experimental results showed that the compressive yield strength(cyS)of.the sample containing prismatic plates increased 40 MPa and the compression ratio raised by 22%compared to that containing basal *** underlying strengthening mechanism was analyzed via a yield strengthen(yS)model with a f.nction of.grain size,precipitate characters(size,oritention,f.action)and Schmid f.ctor(Sf..It revealed that the improvement of.cyS was mainly attributed to the altered precipitate orientation and ref.ned grain size produced by twinning ***,the prismatic plates always have a stronger hardening ef.ect on basal slip than basal plates under the same varites of.precipitate diameter and ***,the decreased cRSS ratio of.prismatic slip to basal slip revealed that the activity of.non-basal slip in Mg alloy might be *** activated slip systems provided more mobile dislocations,contributing to the large compression ratio of.the Mg rolled sheet with prismatic plates.

关键词： Precipitate orientation Precipitation strengthening Grain boundary strengthening yield strength model

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A review of.f.iction stir welding of.steels： Tool, material f.ow, microstructure, and properties

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Journal of.Materials Science & Technology 2018年第1期34卷 39-57页

作者： f.c. Liu y. Hovanski M.P. Miles c.d. Sorensen T.W. Nelson department of.Mechanical Engineering Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602. USA Manuf.cturing Engineering Technology Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA

considerable progress has been achieved in f.iction stir welding （f.W） of.steels in every aspect of.tool f.b- rication, microstructure control and properties evaluation in the past two decades. With the development of.reliable welding tools and precise control systems, f.W of.steels has reached a new level of.technical maturity. High-quality, long welds can be produced in many engineering steels. compared to traditional f.sion welding, f.W exhibits unique advantages producing joints with better properties. As a result of.active control of.the welding temperature and/or cooling rate, f.W has the capability of.f.bricating steel joints with excellent toughness and strength. f.r example, unf.vorable phase transf.rmations that usu- ally occur during traditional welding can be avoided and f.vorable phase f.actions in advanced steels can be maintained in the weld zone thus avoiding the typical property degradations associated with f.sion welding. If.phase transf.rmations do occur during f.W of.thick steels, optimization of.microstructure and properties can be attained by controlling the heat input and post-weld cooling rate.

关键词： Joining Stainless steels carbon steels High strength low alloy (HSLA) steels Advanced high strength steels (AHSS) Oxide dispersion strengthened (OdS) steels

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