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Regional.and　Synoptic.sc.l.　Features　Assoc.ated　with.Inac.ive　Periods　of　th.　Summer　Monsoon　over　south.c.ina

Advanc.s in Atmosph.ric.sciences 1997年第2期14卷 100-107页

作者： this research is supported by the research grants council of the university grants committee of hong kong grant 9040074. c. h. so and johnny c. l. chan department of physics and materials science, city university of hong kong department of physics and materials science City University of Hong Kong

Th.s paper presents an observational.study of th. ph.sic.l.proc.sses responsibl. for th. inac.ive period (break) of th. summer monsoon over south.c.ina (Sc.. Th. break of th. monsoon is defined by using th. rainfal. data over hong kong Meteorol.gic.l.parameters provided by th. European c.ntre for Medium-Range Weath.r Forec.sts (Ec.WF) for th. period 1985-1990 are examined. Dail. val.es of eac. parameter for th. six years are th.n c.mposited eac. day for th. period of 5 days before to 1 day after th. break. It is found th.t several.days before th. break, changes opposite to th.se oc.urred during th. onset and ac.ive periods begin to take pl.c.. Th.s suggests th.t a feedbac. mechanism is present wh.c. tends to restore th. atmosph.re to a more stabl. state. Th.s mechanism may be initiated by th. formation of c.nvec.ive c.ouds during th. onset and ac.ive periods. Th.se c.ouds th.n reduc. th. sol.r radiation to th. ground, l.ading to a gradual.drop in th. temperature. Th.s drop, togeth.r with.th. c.ol.ng of th. atmosph.re due to th. l.rge amounts of rainfal., c.uses th. pressure over th. Sc.region to bec.me h.gh.r, wh.c. in turn induc.s a westward extension of th. subtropic.l.ridge. Th. dec.ease in temperature over Sc.may al.8} sh.ft th. l.c.tion of th. h.at sourc. to th. west, wh.c. l.ads to a c.nc.mitant westward sh.ft of th. c.nvergenc. of th. south.rl.es and resul.s in l.ss moisture-l.den air reac.ing th. Sc.region. Th. atmosph.re th.n bec.mes unfavourabl. for h.avy c.nvec.ion and th.refore a break starts.

关键词： Inac.ive period Summer monsoon south.c.ina subtropic.l.h.gh

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A Meth.d for Diagnosing th. Sec.ndary c.rc.l.tion with.Saturated Moist Entropy Struc.ure in a Mature Tropic.l.c.c.one

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Advanc.s in Atmosph.ric.sciences 2019年第8期36卷 804-810页

作者： Yiwu h.ANG Yihong DUAN johnny c. l. chan Xuwei BAO State Key l.boratory of Severe Weath.r Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China university of c.inese Ac.demy of science Beijing 100049China National.Meteorol.gic.l.c.nter China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Sc.ool.of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Sh.ngh.i Typh.on Institute China Meteorological AdministrationShanghai 200030China

Under th. adiabatic. axisymmetric.and steady assumption, a rel.tionsh.p between th. saturated moist entropy struc.ure and th. sec.ndary c.rc.l.tion in a tropic.l.c.c.one(Tc. is derived from th. c.ntinuity equation. It is found th.t th. isentropic.surfac.s c.inc.de with.th. streaml.nes, and th. streamfunc.ion c.n be expressed with.saturated moist entropy. Th. sec.ndary c.rc.l.tion and th. saturated moist entropy struc.ure depend on eac. oth.r. Th.s, a meth.d for diagnosing th. sec.ndary c.rc.l.tion with.th. struc.ure of saturated moist entropy is proposed. Th. meth.d is verified with.a simul.ted intense ideal.zed Tc.with.a h.gh.y axisymmetric.struc.ure. Th. diagnosed sec.ndary c.rc.l.tion reproduc.s wel. th. moist infl.w in th. boundary l.yer and th. moist updraft in th. eyewal.. Th.s meth.d fac.l.tates sec.ndary c.rc.l.tion diagnosis in th.oretic.l.or mature Tc. th.t satisfy th. adiabatic. axisymmetric.and steady approximations.

关键词： tropic.l c.c.one saturated moist entropy struc.ure sec.ndary c.rc.l.tion diagnosis meth.d

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Impac.s of Urbanization on th. Prec.pitation c.arac.eristic. in Guangdong Provinc., c.ina

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Advanc.s in Atmosph.ric.sciences 2020年第7期37卷 696-706页

作者： Meng YAN johnny c.l.2} Kun Zh.O Sc.ool.of Atmosph.ric.sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Sc.ool.of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key l.boratory of Severe Weath.r and Joint c.nter for Atmosph.ric.Radar research CMA/NJUBeijing 100081China

With.th. devel.pment of urbanization,wh.th.r prec.pitation c.arac.eristic. in Guangdong Provinc.,c.ina,from 1981 to 2015 h.ve changed are investigated using rain gauge data from 76 *** c.arac.eristic. inc.ude annual.prec.pitation,rainfal. frequenc.,intense rainfal.(defined as h.url. prec.pitation≥20 mm),l.gh. prec.pitation(defined as h.url. prec.pitation≤2.5 mm),and extreme rainfal.(defined as h.url. rainfal. exc.eding th. 99.9 th.perc.ntil. of th. h.url. rainfal. distribution).During th.se 35 years,th. annual.prec.pitation sh.ws an inc.easing trend in th. urban *** rainfal. frequenc. and l.gh. prec.pitation h.ve a dec.easing trend,intense rainfal. frequenc. sh.ws an inc.easing *** h.avy and extreme rainfal. frequenc. both.exh.bit an inc.easing trend in th. Pearl.River Del.a region,wh.re urbanization is th. most *** trends in both.th. warm seasons(May-Oc.ober)and during th. pre-fl.od season(April.June)appear to be more *** th. c.ntrary,th. annual.prec.pitation amount in rural.areas h.s a dec.easing *** th. h.avy and extreme prec.pitation al.55} sh.w an inc.easing trend,it is not as strong and signific.nt as th.t in th. urban *** periods in wh.c. a tropic.l.c.c.one makes l.ndfal. al.ng th. south.c.ina c.ast,th. rainfal. in urban areas h.s been c.nsistentl. more th.n th.t in surrounding *** prec.pitation in th. urban areas and to th.ir west is h.gh.r after 1995,wh.n th. urbanization *** resul.s suggest th.t urbanization h.s a signific.nt impac. on th. prec.pitation c.arac.eristic. of Guangdong Provinc..

关键词： rainfal. fl.od extreme

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Rec.nt Dec.ease in th. Differenc. in Tropic.l.c.c.one Oc.urrenc. between th. Atl.ntic.and th. Western North.Pac.fic

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Advanc.s in Atmosph.ric.sciences 2022年第9期39卷 1387-1397页

作者： johnny c.l.chan Kin Sik l.U Guy c.rpenter Asia-Pac.fic.c.imate Impac. c.ntre School of Energy and EnvironmentCity University of Hong KongTat Chee Ave.KowloonHong KongChina

c.imatol.gic.l.y,among al. oc.an basins,th. western North.Pac.fic.WNP)h.s th. l.rgest annual.number of tropic.l.c.c.ones(Tc.)of around 26 wh.l. th. Atl.ntic.h.s around 13,yiel.ing a differenc. of ***,th. differenc. is-7 in 2020,with.30 Tc. in th. Atl.ntic.and 23 in th. WNP,wh.c. is th. most negative differenc. with.n th. l.st 46 *** fac.,during th. l.st 26 years,th. differenc. in Tc.number is bel.w 10 in ten years,with.four years being *** a dec.easing differenc. in Tc.number c.n be attributed to th. natural.mul.idec.dal.variation of th. Atl.ntic.Mul.idec.dal.Osc.l.ation and Interdec.dal.Pac.fic.Osc.l.ation,as wel. as oth.r external.forc.ngs suc. as anth.opogenic.aerosol.forc.ng and inc.eased greenh.use gases,with.th. additional.impac. from th. l. Niña *** resul. h.s signific.nt impl.c.tions on c.imate model.projec.ions of future Tc.ac.ivity in th. two oc.an basins.

关键词： tropic.l.c.c.one frequenc. Atl.ntic.Mul.idec.dal.Osc.l.ation Interdec.dal.Pac.fic.Osc.l.ation c.imate change

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Growing Th.eat of Rapidl.-Intensifying Tropic.l.c.c.ones in East Asia

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Advanc.s in Atmosph.ric.sciences 2022年第2期39卷 222-234页

作者： Kin Sik l.U johnny c.l.chan Guy c.rpenter Asia-Pac.fic.c.imate Impac. c.ntre School of Energy and EnvironmentCity University of Hong KongTat Chee Ave.KowloonHong KongChina

Th.s study examines th. l.ng-term change in th. th.eat of l.ndfal.ing tropic.l.c.c.ones(Tc.) in East Asia over th. period 1975–2020 with.a foc.s on rapidl. intensifying(RI) Tc.. Th. inc.ease in th. annual.number of RI-Tc. over th. western North.Pac.fic.and th. north.estward sh.ft of th.ir genesis l.c.tion l.ad to an inc.easing trend in th. annual.number of l.ndfal.ing RI-Tc. al.ng th. c.ast of East Asia. Th. annual.power dissipation index(PDI), a measure of th. destruc.ive potential.of RI-Tc. at l.ndfal., al.35} sh.ws a signific.nt inc.easing trend due to inc.eases in th. annual.frequenc. and mean l.ndfal. intensity of l.ndfal.ing RI-Tc.. Th. inc.ease in mean l.ndfal. intensity is rel.ted to a h.gh.r l.fetime maximum intensity(l.I) and th. l.I l.c.tion of th. l.ndfal.ing RI-Tc. being c.oser to th. c.ast. Th. inc.ease in th. annual.PDI of East Asia is mainl. assoc.ated with.l.ndfal.ing Tc. in th. south.rn(th. Ph.l.ppines, south.c.ina, and Vietnam) and north.rn parts(Japan and th. Korean Peninsul.) of East Asia due to l.ng-term changes in vertic.l.wind sh.ar and Tc.h.at potential. Th. former l.ads to a north.estward sh.ft of favorabl. environments for Tc.genesis and intensific.tion, resul.ing in th. north.estward sh.ft in th. genesis, RI, and l.I l.c.tions of RI-Tc.. Th. l.tter provides more h.at energy from th. oc.an for Tc.intensific.tion, inc.easing its chanc.s to undergo RI.

关键词： tropic.l.c.c.one l.ndfal. tropic.l.c.c.one intensity c.imate change rapid intensific.tion

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Sensitivity of th. Simul.tion of Tropic.l.c.c.one Size to Mic.ophysics Sc.emes

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Advanc.s in Atmosph.ric.sciences 2016年第9期33卷 1024-1035页

作者： Kel.in T.F.chan johnny c.l.chan Sc.ool.of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong

Th. sensitivity of th. simul.tion of tropic.l.c.c.one （Tc. size to mic.ophysics sc.emes is studied using th. Advanc.d h.rric.ne Weath.r research and Forec.sting Model.（WRF）. Six Tc. during th. 2013 western North.Pac.fic.typh.on season and th.ee mainstream mic.ophysics sc.emes-Ferrier （FER）, WRF Singl.-Moment 5-c.ass （WSM5） and WRF Singl.-Moment 6-c.ass （WSM6）-are investigated. Th. resul.s c.nsistentl. sh.w th.t th. simul.ted Tc.trac. is not sensitive to th. c.oic. of mic.ophysics sc.eme in th. earl. simul.tion, espec.al.y in th. open oc.an. h.wever, th. sensitivity is muc. greater for Tc.intensity and inner-c.re size. Th. Tc.intensity and size simul.ted using th. WSM5 and WSM6 sc.emes are respec.ivel. h.gh.r and l.rger th.n th.se using th. FER sc.eme in general. wh.c. l.kel. resul.s from more diabatic.h.ating being generated outside th. eyewal. in rainbands. More diabatic.h.ating in rainbands gives h.gh.r infl.w in th. l.wer troposph.re and h.gh.r outfl.w in th. upper troposph.re, with.h.gh.r upward motion outside th. eyewal.. Th. l.wer-troposph.ric.infl.w woul. transport absol.te angul.r momentum inward to spin up tangential.wind predominantl. near th. eyewal., l.ading to th. inc.ement in Tc.intensity and size （th. inner-c.re size, espec.al.y）. In addition, th. inc.usion of graupel.mic.ophysics proc.sses （as in WSM6） may not h.ve a signific.nt impac. on th. simul.tion of Tc.trac., intensity and size.

关键词： tropic.l.c.c.one mic.ophysics size intensity trac. numeric.l.model.ing

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Design and fabric.tion of automated sedimentation-based separation and siph.n-based extrac.ion for detec.ion of al.ergic.reac.ion on a c.ntrifugal.mic.ofl.idic.disc

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c.inese Optic. l.tters 2010年第10期8卷 957-959页

作者： Q. l. c.en h. P. h. K. l. c.eung S. K. kong Y. K. Suen Y. W. Kwan c. K. Wong c.nter for Advanc.d research in Ph.tonic. and department of El.c.ronic.Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China department of Bioc.emistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Sc.ool.of Biomedic.l.sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China department of c.emic.l.Path.l.gy The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

We report th. design and fabric.tion of a novel.and ful.y integrated pol.mer-based c.ntrifugal.mic.ofl.idic.disc.for rapid automatic.al.ergens detec.ion. Al. essential.steps for a singl. test inc.uding fl.w val.ing, sequenc.ng, mixing, separation, extrac.ion, and sedimentation for final.detec.ion are automatic.l.y c.nduc.ed with.n 30 min on a c.ntrifugal.mic.ofl.idic.disc. Our design features a siph.n-based val.ing and anal.te extrac.ion struc.ure wh.re th. rel.ased anal.te is separated and subsequentl. extrac.ed by a siph.n val.e into th. detec.ion c.amber. Inc.rporating th. siph.n val.e and a series of c.pil.ary val.es, we real.ze automated detec.ion of al.ergic.reac.ion on a c.ntrifugal.mic.ofl.idic.disc.

关键词： Adaptive optic. Diffuse optic.l.imaging Ph.tol.th.graph. Pol.dimeth.l.il.xane Pol.meth.l.meth.c.yl.te

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Importanc. of Air-Sea c.upl.ng in Simul.ting Tropic.l.c.c.one Intensity at l.ndfal.

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Advanc.s in Atmosph.ric.sciences 2022年第10期39卷 1777-1786页

作者： c.arl.e c.F.l.K johnny c.l.chan Ral. TOUMI Sc.ool.of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong KongChina department of physics Imperial CollegeLondon SW72AZUK

An atmosph.re-onl. model.system for making seasonal.predic.ion and projec.ing future intensities of l.ndfal.ing tropic.l.c.c.ones(Tc.)al.ng th. south.c.ina c.ast is upgraded by inc.uding oc.an and wave model..A total.of 642 Tc. h.ve been re-simul.ted using th. new system to produc. a c.imatol.gy of Tc.intensity in th. south.c.ina *** c.mparisons of th. simul.tions from th. atmosph.re-onl. and th. ful.y c.upl.d systems reveal.th.t th. inc.usion of th. additional.oc.an and wave model. enabl. differential.sea surfac. temperature responses to various Tc.c.arac.eristic. suc. as transl.tional.speed and *** partic.l.r,interac.ion with.th. oc.an does not nec.ssaril. impl. a weakening of th. Tc.with.th. c.astal.bath.metry possibl. pl.ying a rol. in c.using a near-sh.re intensific.tion of th. *** resul.s suggest th.t to simul.te th. evol.tion of Tc.struc.ure more ac.uratel.,it is essential.to use an air-sea c.upl.d model.instead of an atmosph.re-onl. model.

关键词： tropic.l.c.c.one intensity tropic.l.c.c.one l.ndfal. seasonal.predic.ion air-sea c.upl.ng

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Towards h.gh.mobil.ty In2xGa2-2xO3 nanowire fiel.-effec.transistors

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Nano research 2018年第11期11卷 5935-5945页

作者： Ziyao Zh.u changyong l.n SenPo Yip Renjie Wei Dapan l. l.i Sh. johnny c. h. department of materials science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong 999077 China Sc.ool.of Optoel.c.ronic.science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China Sh.nzh.n research Institute City University of Hang Kong Shenzhen S 18057 China State Key l.boratory of Mil.imeter Waves City University of Hang Kong Kowloon Hang Kong 999077 China

Rec.ntl., owing to th. exc.l.ent el.c.ric.l.and optic.l.properties, n-type In2O3 nanowires (NWs) h.ve attrac.ed tremendous attention for appl.c.tion in memory devic.s, sol.r c.l.s, and ul.ra-viol.t ph.todetec.ors. h.wever, th. rel.tivel. l.w el.c.ron mobil.ty of In2O3 NWs grown by c.emic.l.vapor deposition (c.D) h.s l.mited th.ir furth.r util.zation. In th.s study, util.zing in-situ Ga al.oying, h.gh.y c.ystal.ine, uniform, and th.n In2xGa2-2xO3 NWs with.diameters down to 30 nm were suc.essful.y prepared via ambient-pressure c.D. Introduc.ng an optimal.amount of Ga (10 at.%) into th. In2O3 l.ttic. was found to effec.ivel. enh.nc. th. c.ystal.qual.ty and reduc. th. number of oxygen vac.nc.es in th. NWs. A furth.r inc.ease in th. Ga c.nc.ntration adversel. induc.d th. formation of a resistive -Ga2O3 ph.se, th.reby deteriorating th. el.c.ric.l.properties of th. NWs. Importantl., wh.n c.nfigured into gl.bal.bac.-gated NW fiel.-effec. transistors, th. optimized In1.8Ga0.2O3 NWs exh.bit signific.ntl. enh.nc.d el.c.ron mobil.ty reac.ing up to 750 c.(2l.>)V(l.>-1l.>)s(l.>-1) as c.mpared with.th.t of th. pure In2O3 NW, wh.c. c.n be attributed to th. reduc.ion in th. number of oxygen vac.nc.es and ionized impurity sc.ttering c.nters. h.gh.y ordered NW paral.el.arrayed devic.s were al.10} fabric.ted to demonstrate th. versatil.ty and potenc. of th.se NWs for next-generation, l.rge-sc.l., and h.gh.performanc. nanoel.c.ronic., sensors, etc.

关键词： In2O3 In2xGa2-2xO3 nanowire c.emic.l.vapor deposition mobil.ty oxygen vac.nc.

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l.rge tropic.l.c.c.one trac. forec.st errors of gl.bal.numeric.l.weath.r predic.ion model. in western North.Pac.fic.basin

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Tropic.l.c.c.one research and Review 2021年第3期10卷 151-169页

作者： c.i Kit Tang johnny c.l.chan Muneh.ko Yamaguc.i Sc.ool.of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Meteorol.gic.l.research Institute Japan Meteorological AgencyJapan

Al.h.ugh.tropic.l.c.c.one(Tc.trac. forec.st errors(TFEs)of operational.warning c.ntres h.ve substantial.y dec.eased in rec.nt dec.des,th.re are stil. many c.ses with.l.rge *** International.Grand Gl.bal.Ensembl.(TIGGE)data are used to study th. possibl. reasons for th. l.rge TFE c.ses and to c.mpare th. performanc. of different numeric.l.weath.r predic.ion(NWP)***-four Tc. in th. western North.Pac.fic.during th. period 2007-2014 with.TFEs(+24 to+120 h.l.rger th.n th. 75 th.perc.ntil. of th. annual.error distribution(with.a total.of 93 c.ses)are *** c.tegories of situations are found to be assoc.ated with.l.rge *** inc.ude th. interac.ion of th. outer struc.ure of th. Tc.with.tropic.l.weath.r systems,th. intensity of th. Tc.th. extension of th. subtropic.l.h.gh.Sh.and th. interac.ion with.th. westerl. *** c.uc.al.fac.or of eac. c.tegory attributed to th. l.rge TFE is *** th. TIGGE model.predic.ions,th. model. of th. European c.ntre for Medium-Range Weath.r Forec.sts and th. UK Met Offic. general.y h.ve a smal.er *** performanc. of different model. in different situations is disc.ssed.

关键词： c.nsensus Numeric.l.weath.r predic.ion Forec.st error Tropic.l.c.c.ones Trac. predic.ion TIGGE WGNE

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