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Vitamin D deficiency and hepatitis viruses-associated liver diseases:a literature review

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第4期24卷 445-460页

作者： Nghiem Xuan Hoan Hoang Van Tong Le Huu Song Christian G Meyer thirumalaisamy p velavan Institute of Clinical Infectious Diseases 108 Military Central HospitalHanoi 10004Vietnam Molecular Genetics of Infectious Diseases Institute of Tropical MedicineUniversity of TübingenTübingen 72074Germany Vietnamese-German Center of Medical Research(VG-CARE) Hanoi 10004Vietnam Institute of Biomedicine and pharmacy Vietnam Military Medical UniversityHanoi 10004Vietnam Medical Faculty Duy Tan UniversityDa NangVietnam

The secosteroid hormone vitamin D has, in addition to its effects in bone metabolism also functions in the modulation of immune responses against infectious agents and in inhibiting tumorigenesis. Thus, deficiency of vitamin D is associated with several malignancies, but also with a plethora of infectious diseases. Among other communicable diseases, vitamin D deficiency is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases caused by hepatitis B and C viruses(HBV, HCV) and high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency with serum levels below 20 mg/mL in patients with HBV and HCV infection are found worldwide. Several studies have assessed the effects of vitamin D supplementation on the sustained virological response(SVR) to interferon(IFN) plus ribavirin(RBV) therapy in HBV and HCV infection. In these studies, inconsistent results were reported. This review addresses general aspects of vitamin D deficiency and, in particular, the significance of vitamin D hypovitaminosis in the outcome of HBVand HCV-related chronic liver diseases. Furthermore,current literature was reviewed in order to understand the effects of vitamin D supplementation in combination with IFN-based therapy on the virological response in HBV and HCV infected patients.

关键词： Vitamin D vitamin D deficiency chronic liver disease hepatitis B virus infection hepatitis C virus infection liver cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma sustained virological response vitamin D supplementation

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Genetic variants of interferon regulatory factor 5 associated with chronic hepatitis B infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第2期24卷 248-256页

作者： Bui Tien Sy Nghiem Xuan Hoan Hoang Van Tong Christian G Meyer Nguyen Linh Toan Le Huu Song Claus-Thomas Bock thirumalaisamy p velavan Vietnamese-German Center of Excellence in Medical Research HanoiVietnam Institute of Clinical Infectious Diseases 108 Military Central HospitalHanoiVietnam Institute of Tropical Medicine University of TübingenTübingen 72074Germany Department of Infectious Diseases Robert Koch InstituteBerlin 13302Germany Department of pathophysiology Vietnam Military Medical UniversityHanoiVietnam

AIM To investigate possible effects of IRF5 polymorphisms in the 3' UTR region of the IFR5 locus on susceptibilityto hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection and progression of liver diseases among clinically classified Vietnamese *** Four IFR5 SNps(rs13242262 A/T, rs77416878 C/T, rs10488630 A/G, and rs2280714 T/C) were genotyped in clinically classified HBV patients [chronic hepatitis B(CHB). n = 99; liver cirrhosis(LC), n = 131; hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), n = 149] and in 242 healthy controls by direct sequencing and Taq Man realtime pCR assays. RESULTS Comparing patients and controls, no significant association was observed for the four IFR5 variants. However, the alleles rs13242262 T and rs10488630 G contributed to an increased risk of liver cirrhosis(LC vs CHB: OR = 1.5, 95%CI: 1.1-2.3, adjusted p = 0.04; LC vs CHB: OR = 1.7, 95%CI: 1.1-2.6, adjusted p = 0.019). Haplotype IRF5*TCGT constructed from 4 SNps was observed frequently in LC compared to CHB patients(OR = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.2-3.3, adjusted p = 0.008). Haplotype IRF5*TCAT occurred rather among CHB patients than in the other HBV patient groups(LC vs CHB: OR = 0.4, 95%CI: 0.2-0.8, adjusted p = 0.03; HCC vs CHB: OR = 0.3, 95%CI: 0.15-0.7, adjusted p = 0.003). The IRF5*TCAT haplotype was also associated with increased levels of ALT, AST and bilirubin. CONCLUSION Our study shows that IFR5 variants may contribute as a host factor in determining the pathogenesis in chronic HBV infections.

关键词： hepatitis B virus infection Liver diseases IRF5 IFR5 polymorphisms IFR5 haplotypes

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Colorectal carcinogenesis:Insights into the cell death and signal transduction pathways:A review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2018年第9期10卷 244-259页

作者： Ashok kumar pandurangan Thomas Divya Kalaivani Kumar Vadivel Dineshbabu Bakthavatchalam velavan Ganapasam Sudhandiran Cell Biology Laboratory Department of Bio-chemistryUniversity of MadrasGuindy Campus School of Life sciences B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology

Colorectal carcinogenesis(CRC) imposes a major health burden in developing countries. It is the third major cause of cancer deaths. Despite several treatment strategies, novel drugs are warranted to reduce the severity of this disease. Adenomatous polyps in the colon are the major culprits in CRC and found in 45% of cancers, especially in patients 60 years of age. Inflammatory polyps are currently gaining attention in CRC, and a growing body of evidence denotes the role of inflammation in CRC. Several experimental models are being employed to investigate CRC in animals, which include the ApC^(min/+) mouse model, Azoxymethane, Dimethyl hydrazine, and a combination of Dextran sodium sulphate and dimethyl hydrazine. During CRC progression, several signal transduction pathways are activated. Among the major signal transduction pathways are p53, Transforming growth factor beta, Wnt/β-catenin, Delta Notch, Hippo signalling, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 pathways. These signalling pathways collaborate with cell death mechanisms, which include apoptosis, necroptosis and autophagy, to determine cell fate. Extensive research has been carried out in our laboratory to investigate these signal transduction and cell death mechanistic pathways in CRC. This review summarizes CRC pathogenesis and the related cell death and signal transduction pathways.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Cell death Apoptosis Autophagy Inflammation Hippo signalling Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 Wnt signaling

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High infection rates for onchocerciasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in children under fve not receiving preventive chemotherapy:a bottleneck to elimination

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Infectious Diseases of poverty 2022年第2期11卷 86-87页

作者： Hugues C.Nana-Djeunga Linda Djune-Yemeli Andre Domche Cyrille Donfo-Azafack Arnauld Efon-Ekangouo Cedric Lenou-Nanga Narcisse Nzune-Toche Yves Aubin Balog Jean Gabin Bopda Steve Mbickmen-Tchana velavan p.Tirumalaisamy Veronique penlap‑Beng Francine Ntoumi Joseph Kamgno Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases(CRFilMT) YaoundeCameroon 不详

Background:The current mainstay for control/elimination of onchocerciasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis(STH)relies on ivermectin-and mebendazole/albendazole-based preventive ***,children under fve years of age have been excluded in both research activities and control programs,because they were believed to have insignifcant infection *** is therefore a need for up-to-date knowledge on the prevalence and inten‑sity of STH and onchocerciasis infections in this age *** study aimed at assessing the rates and intensities of onchocerciasis and STH infections in children under fve years of age who are excluded from ivermectin-or mebenda‑zole/albendazole-based preventive ***:A series of cross-sectional surveys was conducted in four Health Districts in the Centre and Littoral Regions of Cameroon between 2018 and *** subjects aged 2 to 4 years,were screened for prevalence(or infection rate)and intensity[number of eggs per gram of stool(epg)or number of microflariae per skin snip(mf/ss)]of STH and onchocerciasis infections respectively using the Kato-Katz and skin snip ***-square and the nonparametric tests(Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis)were used to compare infection rates and intensities of infections between Health Districts and genders,***:A total of 421 children were enrolled in this *** overall prevalence of onchocerciasis was 6.6%[95% confdence interval(CI):4.3‒9.9],ranging from 3.6%(in the Ntui Health District)to 12.2%(in the Bafa Health District).The intensity of infection ranged from 0.5 to 46 microflariae per skin snip[median:5;interquartile range(IQR):2.25‒8.5].The overall prevalence of STH was 9.6%(95%CI:6.5‒13.9),with a high infection rate(29.6%)in the Akonolinga Health *** STH species(Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura)were found among infected *** median intensities of STH infections were 1,992 epg(IQR:210‒28,704)and 96 epg(IQR:48‒

关键词： Onchocerciasis Soil-transmitted helminthiasis preventive chemotherapy Children under fve Cameroon

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