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Scavenger receptor BI: A multi-purpose player in cholesterol and steroid metabolism

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第47期16卷 591-5924页

作者： Menno Hoekstra theo jc van berkel Miranda van Eck Division of Biopharmaceutics Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research Gorlaeus Laboratories

Scavenger receptor class B type Ⅰ (SR-BI) is an important member of the scavenger receptor family of integral membrane glycoproteins. This review highlights studies in SR-BI knockout mice, which concern the role of SR-BI in cholesterol and steroid metabolism. SR-BI in hepatocytes is the sole molecule involved in selective uptake of cholesteryl esters from high-density lipoprotein (HDL). SR-BI plays a physiological role in binding and uptake of native apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins by hepatocytes, which identif ies SR-BI as a multipurpose player in lipid uptake from the blood circulation into hepatocytes in mice. In adrenocortical cells, SR-BI mediates the selective uptake of HDL-cholesteryl esters, which is eff iciently coupled to the synthesis of glucocorticoids (i.e. corticosterone). SR-BI knockout mice suffer from adrenal glucocorticoid insuff iciency, which suggests that functional SR-BI protein is necessary for optimal adrenal steroidogenesis in mice. SR-BI in macrophages plays a dual role in cholesterol metabolism as it is able to take up cholesterol associated with HDL and apoBcontaining lipoproteins and can possibly facilitate cholesterol efflux to HDL. Absence of SR-BI is associated with thrombocytopenia and altered thrombosis susceptibility, which suggests a novel role for SR-BI in regulating platelet number and function in mice. Transgenic expression of cholesteryl ester transfer protein in humanized SR-BI knockout mice normalizes hepatic delivery of HDL-cholesteryl esters. However, other pathologies associated with SR-BI def iciency, i.e. increased atherosclerosis susceptibility, adrenal glucocorticoid insuffi ciency, and impaired platelet function are not normalized, which suggests an important role for SR-BI in cholesterol and steroid metabolism in man. In conclusion, generation of SR-BI knockout mice has signif icantly contributed to our knowledge of the physiological role of SR-BI. Studies using these mice have identif ied SR-BI as a

关键词： Scavenger receptor class B type Ⅰ Highdensity lipoprotein Cholesterol Lipoprotein metabolism Liver Macrophages Adrenal gland Platelets Steroido- genesis

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Annealing-induced long-range charge density wave order in magnetic kagome FeGe:Fluctuations and disordered structure

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第11期67卷 112-121页

作者： Chenfei Shi Yi Liu Bishal Baran Maity Qi Wang Surya Rohith Kotla Sitaram Ramakrishnan Claudio Eisele Harshit Agarwal Leila Noohinejad Qian Tao Baojuan Kang Zhefeng Lou Xiaohui Yang Yanpeng Qi Xiao Lin Zhu-An Xu Arumugam Thamizhavel Guang-Han Cao Sander van Smaalen Shixun Cao Jin-Ke Bao Department of Physics Materials Genome InstituteInstitute for Quantum Science and TechnologyShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Key Laboratory of Quantum Precision Measurement of Zhejiang Province School of PhysicsZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China School of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Tata Institute of Fundamental ResearchMumbai 400005India School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Laboratory of Crystallography University of BayreuthBayreuth 95447Germany Department of Quantum Matter AdSEHiroshima UniversityHigashi-Hiroshima 739-8530Japan P24 PETRA IIIDeutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESYHamburg 22607Germany Key Laboratory for Quantum Materials of Zhejiang Province School of ScienceWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China Department of Physics China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018China Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Shanghai Key Laboratory of High Temperature Superconductors Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China School of Physics Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China

Charge density wave(CDW) in kagome materials with the geometric frustration is able to carry unconventional ***, a CDW has been observed below the antiferromagnetic order in kagome FeGe, in which magnetism and CDW are intertwined to form an emergent quantum ground state. However, the CDW is only short-ranged and the structural modulation originating from it has yet to be determined experimentally. Here we realize a long-range CDW order by post-annealing process,and resolve the structure model through single crystal X-ray diffraction. Occupational disorder of Ge resulting from short-range CDW correlations above T_(CDW) is identified from structure refinements. The partial dimerization of Ge along the c axis is unveiled to be the dominant distortion for the CDW. Occupational disorder of Ge is also proved to exist in the CDW phase due to the random selection of partially dimerized Ge sites. Our work provides useful insights for understanding the unconventional nature of the CDW in FeGe.

关键词： charge density wave kagome disordered structure fluctuations

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Current status of laparoscopic and robotic ventral mesh rectopexy for external and internal rectal prolapse

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第21期22卷 4977-4987页

作者： Jan J van Iersel Tim jc Paulides Paul M Verheijen John W Lumley Ivo AMJ Broeders Esther CJ Consten Meander Medical Centre Department of Surgery Twente University Faculty of Science and Technology Institute of Technical Medicine Wesley Medical Centre Department of Surgery

External and internal rectal prolapse with their affiliated rectocele and enterocele, are associated with debilitating symptoms such as obstructed defecation, pelvic pain and faecal incontinence. Since perineal procedures are associated with a higher recurrence rate, an abdominal approach is commonly preferred. Despite the description of greater than three hundred different procedures, thus far no clear superiority of one surgical technique has been demonstrated. Ventral mesh rectopexy(VMR) is a relatively new and promising technique to correct rectal prolapse. In contrast to the abdominal procedures of past decades, VMR avoids posterolateral rectal mobilisation and thereby minimizes the risk of postoperative constipation. Because of a perceived acceptable recurrence rate, good functional results and low mesh-related morbidity in the short to medium term, VMR has been popularized in the past decade. Laparoscopic or robotic-assisted VMR is now being progressively performed internationally and several articles and guidelines propose the procedure as the treatment of choice for rectal prolapse. In this article, an outline of the current status of laparoscopic and robotic ventral mesh rectopexy for the treatment of internal and external rectal prolapse is presented.

关键词： Laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy Robot Rectal prolapse External rectal prolapse Internal rectal prolapse Rectocele Mesh erosion Obstructed defecation Faecal incontinence Biological mesh

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First report of a de novo germline mutation in the MLH1 gene

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第5期12卷 809-811页

作者： Rein P Stulp Yvonne J Vos Bart Mol Arend Karrenbeld Monique de Raad Huub jc van der Mijle Rolf H Sijmons Department of Clmical Genetics University Medical Center GroningenPO Box 300019700 RB GroningenThe Netherlands Department of Pathology University Medical Center GroningenPO Box 300019700 RB GroningenThe Netherlands Department of Surgery Nij Smellinghe HospitalPO Box 202009200 DA DrachtenThe Netherlands

Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal carcinoma （HNPCC） is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with colorectal and endometrial cancer and a range of other tumor types. Germline mutations in the DNA mismatch repair （MMR） genes, particularly MLH1, MEH2, and MEH5, underlie this disorder. The vast majority of these HNPCC-associated mutations have been proven, or assumed, given the family history of cancer, to be transmitted through several generations. To the best of our knowledge, only a single case of a de novo germline MMR gene mutation （in MEH2） has been reported till now. Here, we report a patient with a de novo mutation in MLH1. We identified a MLH1 Q701X truncating mutation in the blood lymphocytes of a male who had been diagnosed with rectal cancer at the age of 35. His family history of cancer was negative for the first- and second-degree relatives. The mutation could not be detected in the patient＇s parents and sibling and paternity was confirmed with a set of highly polymorphic markers. Non-penetrance and small family size is the common explanation of verified negative family histories of cancer in patients with a germline MMR gene mutation. However, in addition to some cases explained by non-paternity, de novo germline mutations should be considered as a possible explanation as well. As guidelines that stress not to restrict MMR gene mutation testing to patients with a positive family history are more widely introduced, more cases of de novo MMR gene germline mutations may be revealed.

关键词： MLH1 de novo HNPCC Germline mutation

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Noninvasively diagnosing coronary artery disease with 61-channel MCG data

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第11期59卷 1123-1128页

作者： Tuo Chen Chen Zhao Shiqin Jiang Peter van Leeuwen Dietrich Grnemeyer School of Electronics and Information Engineering Tongji University Grnemeyer Institute for Microtherapy Faculty of HealthUniversity Witten/Herdecke

Magnetocardiography(MCG) has been investigated as a tool for noninvasive detection of coronary artery disease(CAD). In this study, the area ratio of positive and negative magnetic induction extracted from an extrema circle in the magnetocardiogram was analyzed at specific time points in the cardiac cycle: P maximum, R peak, J point, T onset, T peak and T end. The area of the positive proportion of the magnetic field relative to the total area within a circle encompassing the field extrema was determined and proposed for fast-speed CAD diagnosis. MCG was performed with a 61-channel biomagnetometer in a shielded environment in 38 healthy subjects and 15 CAD patients. A notable difference in area ratio was found between healthy and CAD subjects at the peak time of T wave: 0.416 ± 0.090 versus0.465 ± 0.065(p = 0.013). Using a cutoff value of 0.4506resulted in a sensitivity and specificity of 86.7 % and 73.8 %,respectively. This approach may enable a fast-speed CAD diagnosis in a clinical setting.

关键词：冠心病诊断通道冠状动脉疾病 CAD 心动周期峰值时间面积率

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P波间期的心脏电流源重建及电活动磁成像

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物理学报 2019年第13期68卷 301-314页

作者：周大方蒋式勤赵晨 Peter van Leeuwen 同济大学电子与信息工程学院上海201804 维藤/黑尔德克大学健康学院德国维藤D-58448

用超导量子干涉仪在人体胸腔表面测量的磁场数据重建心脏电流源及其成像,是一种无创获取心脏电活动信息的新技术.由于P波间期的心脏磁信号比R波峰值弱,信噪比较低,本文提出了一种可提高分布源空间谱估计强度对比度(IIC)的波束成形方法.... 详细信息

用超导量子干涉仪在人体胸腔表面测量的磁场数据重建心脏电流源及其成像,是一种无创获取心脏电活动信息的新技术.由于P波间期的心脏磁信号比R波峰值弱,信噪比较低,本文提出了一种可提高分布源空间谱估计强度对比度(IIC)的波束成形方法.该方法分两步:1)在空间滤波器的加权矩阵中引入导联场矩阵,使滤波器输出估计对磁场电流源及其分布比较敏感.通过求解逆问题,可以改进重建分布源强度的对比度;2)通过设置源强度阈值,提取每个时刻重建源中偶极矩强度极大的电流源,消除其他位置上相对弱的伪源,可提高P波间期电流源重建的精度.文中采用理论分析与仿真试验,比较了IIC与3种其他电流源重建方法的性能.结果表明,IIC的单源空间谱估计的强度对比度较高,电流源重建精度相对较好.文中还分析了2个健康人的61通道心磁测量数据,以及他们P波间期的心脏电活动成像.与其他3种方法相比,IIC的电流源成像结果最优.能够显示健康人P波峰时刻心房的电活动较心室强.P波间期右心房除极时,心脏电活动具有方向特征.

关键词：心脏电活动磁成像逆问题空间滤波器电流源重建

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Sparse current source reconstruction in MCG

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Science Bulletin 2015年第14期60卷 1235-1240页

作者： Mengpei Chen Shiqin Jiang Lu Bing Chen Zhao Birgit Hailer Dietrich Gr nemeyer Peter van Leeuwen School of Electronics and Information Engineering Tongji University Department of Internal Medicine Philippusstift University Witten/Herdecke Faculty of Health Gro¨ nemeyer Institute for MicrotherapyUniversity Witten/Herdecke

Cardiac current source reconstruction is investigated by a fast greedy sparse(FGS) method applied to simulated and real magnetocardiography(MCG) data measured using 61-channel superconducting quantum interference device. The approach reduces the size of the lead field matrix based on a priori knowledge of dipolar magnetic field map. Consequently, the computational demands and the accuracy of sparse source reconstruction are improved simultaneously. The simulation results demonstrate that the FGS method is capable of reconstructing sparse equivalent current sources using the magnetic field data generated by a single current source with varying orientation or multiple current sources generated randomly. In addition, we analyze the cardiac current source reconstructed with real MCG data at typical instants and discuss the electrical excitation conduction during the QRS complex based on moving sparse source imaging.

关键词： Magnetocardiography (MCG) Sparsedecomposition Current source reconstruction Cardiac electrical activity Signal processing

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Chip-integrated van der Waals PN heterojunction photodetector with low dark current and high responsivity

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第5期11卷 901-910页

作者： Ruijuan Tian Xuetao Gan Chen Li Xiaoqing Chen Siqi Hu Linpeng Gu Dries van Thourhout Andres Castellanos-Gomez Zhipei Sun Jianlin Zhao Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition Ministry of Industry and Information Technologyand Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information TechnologySchool of Physical Science and TechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical University710129 Xi’anChina Photonics Research Group and Center for Nano and Biophotonics Ghent UniversityB-9000 GentBelgium Materials Science Factory Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid(ICMM-CSIC)E-28049 MadridSpain Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering and QTF Centre of Excellence Aalto UniversityFI-02150 EspooFinland

Two-dimensional materials are attractive for constructing high-performance photonic chip-integrated photodetectors because of their remarkable electronic and optical properties and dangling-bond-free ***,the reported chip-integrated two-dimensional material photodetectors were mainly implemented with the configuration of metalsemiconductor-metal,suffering from high dark currents and low responsivities at high operation ***,we report a van der Waals PN heterojunction photodetector,composed of p-type black phosphorous and n-type molybdenum telluride,integrated on a silicon nitride *** built-in electric field of the PN heterojunction significantly suppresses the dark current and improves the *** a bias of 1 V pointing from n-type molybdenum telluride to p-type black phosphorous,the dark current is lower than 7 nA,which is more than two orders of magnitude lower than those reported in other waveguide-integrated black phosphorus *** intrinsic responsivity up to 577 mA W^(−1) is ***,the van der Waals PN heterojunction is tunable by the electrostatic doping to further engineer its rectification and improve the photodetection,enabling an increased responsivity of 709 mA W^(−1).Besides,the heterojunction photodetector exhibits a response bandwidth of~1.0 GHz and a uniform photodetection over a wide spectral range,as experimentally measured from 1500 to 1630 *** demonstrated chip-integrated van der Waals PN heterojunction photodetector with low dark current,high responsivity and fast response has great potentials to develop high-performance on-chip photodetectors for various photonic integrated circuits based on silicon,lithium niobate,polymer,etc.

关键词： heterojunction responsivity waveguide

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Glutamate dehydrogenase and Na^+-K^+ ATPase expression and growth response of Litopenaeus vannamei to different salinities and dietary protein levels

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2011年第2期29卷 343-349页

作者：李二超 Leticia ARENA Gabriel LIZAMA Gabriela GAXIOLA Gerard CUZON Carlos ROSAS 陈立侨 Alain van WORMHOUDT School of Life Science East China Normal University UMR5178 Station de Biologie Marine du Musum National d'Histoire NaturelleBP225Concarneau 29900France Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e Investigación Facultad de CienciasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MxicoPuerto de abrigo s/nSisal C.P.97350HunucmYucatnMexico IFREMER TahitiFrench Polynesia

Improvement in the osmoregulation capacity via nutritional supplies is vitally important in shrimp *** effects of dietary protein levels on the osmoregulation capacity of the Pacific white shrimp(***) were *** involved an examination of growth performance,glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH) and Na+-K+ ATPase mRNA expression,,and GDH activity in muscles and *** experimental diets were formulated,containing 25%,40%,and 50% dietary protein,and fed to the shrimp at a salinity of *** 20 days,no significant difference was observed in weight gain,though GDH and Na+-K+ ATPase gene expression and GDH activity increased with higher dietary protein ***,shrimp fed diets with 25% and 50% dietary protein were transferred into tanks with salinities of 38 and 5,respectively,and sampled at weeks 1 and *** fed with 40% protein at 25 in salinity(optimal conditions) were used as a *** of the salinities,shrimp fed with 50% dietary protein had significantly higher growth performance than other diets;no significant differences were found in comparison with the *** fed with 25% dietary protein and maintained at salinities of 38 and 5 had significantly lower weight gain values after 2 *** salinity change also stimulated the hepatosomatic index,which increased in the first week and then recovered to a relatively normal level,as in the control,after 2 *** findings indicate that in white shrimp,the specific protein nutrient and energy demands related to ambient salinity change are associated with protein *** dietary protein level could improve the osmoregulation capacity of *** with more energy resources allocated to GDH activity and expression.

关键词： Litopenaeus vannamei gene expression glutamate dehydrogenase Na^+-K^+ ATPase protein salinity

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Immunopathology and the Myeloid Response to Neurotropic Flavivirus Infection

Immunopathology and the Myeloid Response to Neurotropic Flav...

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第八届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： Rachael L Terry Daniel R Getts Caryn van Vreden Ariane M Davison Amanda Yeung Paula Niewold Zheng Lung Ling Shane R Thomas Iain L Campbell Nicholas jc King Discipline of Pathology School of Medical SciencesUniversity of Sydney School of Molecular Biosciences University of Sydney Bosch Institute University of Sydney Centre for Vascular Research School of Medical Sciences The University of New South Wales

We have shown that infection with flaviviruses is accompanied by heightened immune responses leading to *** activation of microglia and accumulation of macrophages in the brain are hallmarks of viral encephalitis and could also contribute to this,however mechanisms of recruitment,differentiation and function in neurotropic viral infection are poorly *** investigating the myeloid lineage in encephalitis caused by the mosquito-borne flavivirus,West Nile Virus(WNV),in an in vivo murine model,we have shown-fold increase in CD45int/CD11b+/CD11c-microglial numbers by d6-7 post-infection,with up to 50%of leukocytes of macrophage *** marrow(BM)reconstitution experiments and adoptive transfer

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