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Exploring the associations between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function in aging adults:A systematic review with meta-analyses

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 820-840页

作者： Dustin J.Oranchuk Stephan G.Bodkin Katie L.Boncella Michael O.harris-Love Muscle Morphology Mechanicsand Performance LaboratoryDepartment of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045USA Department of Physical Therapy

Background:Assessment and quantification of skeletal muscle within the aging population is vital for diagnosis,treatment,and injury/disease *** clinical availability of assessing muscle quality through diagnostic ultrasound presents an opportunity to be utilized as a screening tool for function-limiting ***,relationships between muscle echogenicity and clinical functional assessments require authoritative ***,we aimed to(a)synthesize the literature to assess the relationships between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function in older adults(-60 years),(b)perform pooled analyses of relationships between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function,and(c)perform sub-analyses to determine between-muscle ***:CInAHL,Embase,MEDLInE,PubMed,and Web of Science databases were systematically searched to identify articles relating skeletal muscle echogenicity to physical function in older ***-of-bias assessments were conducted along with funnel plot ***-analyses with and without sub-analyses for individual muscles were performed utilizing Fisher’s Z transformation for the most common measures of physical ***’s Z was back-transformed to Pearson’s r for ***:Fifty-one articles(n=5095,female=»2759,male=»2301,72.5§5.8 years,mean§SD(1 study did not provide sex descriptors))were extracted for review,with previously unpublished data obtained from the authors of 13 *** rectus femoris(n=34)and isometric knee extension strength(n=22)were the most accessed muscle and physical qualities,*** relationship between quadriceps echogenicity and knee extensor strength was moderate(n=2924,r=-0.36(95%confidence interval:-0.38 to-0.32),pnalyses(grip strength,walking speed,sit-to-stand,timed up-and-go)resulting in slightly weaker correlations(r:-0.34 to-0.23,all pnalyses determined minimal differences in predictive ability

关键词： Correlations Echo intensity Elderly Intramuscular fat Strength

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Strong observability as a sufficient condition for non-singularity and lossless convexification in optimal control with mixed constraints

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Control Theory and Technology 2022年第4期20卷 475-487页

作者： Sheril Kunhippurayil Matthew W.harris Torc Robotics Inc.405 Partnership DriveBlacksburg 24060VirginiaUSA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Utah State University4130 Old Main HillLogan 84322UtahUSA

This paper analyzes optimal control problems with linear time-varying dynamics defined on a smooth manifold in addition to mixed constraints and pure control *** main contribution is the identification of sufficient conditions for the optimal controls to be non-singular,which enables exact(or lossless)convex relaxations of the control *** problem is analyzed in a geometric framework using a recent maximum principle on manifolds,and it is shown that strong observability of the dual system on the cotangent space is the key *** minimum time problems are analyzed and solved.A minimum fuel planetary descent problem is then analyzed and relaxed to a convex *** enables its efficient solution in less than one second without any initial guess.

关键词： Optimal control Strong observability Lossless convexification

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Multi-commodity Optimization of Peer-to-peer Energy Trading Resources in Smart Grid

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第1期10卷 29-39页

作者： Olamide Jogunola Bamidele Adebisi Kelvin Anoh Augustine Ikpehai Mohammad Hammoudeh Georgina harris Manchester Metropolitan University ManchesterUK Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of BoltonBoltonUK Department of Engineering and Mathematics Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldUK Department of Computing and Mathematics Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK School of Science Engineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordSalfordUK

Utility maximization is a major priority of prosumers participating in peer-to-peer energy trading and sharing(P2P-ETS).However,as more distributed energy resources integrate into the distribution network,the impact of the communication link becomes *** present a multi-commodity formulation that allows the dual-optimization of energy and communication resources in *** one hand,the proposed algorithm minimizes the cost of energy generation and communication *** the other hand,it also maximizes the global utility of prosumers with fair resource *** evaluate the algorithm in a variety of realistic conditions including a time-varying communication network with signal delay signal *** results show that the convergence is achieved in a fewer number of time steps than the previously proposed *** is further observed that the entities with a higher willingness to trade the energy acquire more satisfactions than others.

关键词： Distributed algorithm social welfare peer-to-peer energy trading and sharing multi-commodity networks economic dispatch packet loss peer-to-peer energy trading distributed dual-gradient(DDG)

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Evidence and explanation for the involvement of the nucleus accumbens in pain processing

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neural Regeneration Research 2020年第4期15卷 597-605页

作者： Haley n.harris Yuan B.Peng Department of Psychology University of Texas at Arlington

The nucleus accumbens(nAc)is a subcortical brain structure known primarily for its roles in pleasure,reward,and *** less focus on the nAc in pain research,it also plays a large role in the mediation of pain and is effective as a source of *** for this involvement lies in the nAc’s cortical connections,functions,pharmacology,and therapeutic *** nAc projects to and receives information from notable pain structures,such as the prefrontal cortex,anterior cingulate cortex,periaqueductal gray,habenula,thalamus,***,the nAc and other pain-modulating structures share functions involving opioid regulation and motivational and emotional processing,which each work beyond simply the rewarding experience of pain *** speaking,the nAc responds heavily to painful stimuli,due to its high density ofμopioid receptors and the activation of several different neurotransmitter systems in the nAc,such as opioids,dopamine,calcitonin gene-related peptide,γ-aminobutyric acid,glutamate,and substance P,each of which have been shown to elicit analgesic *** both preclinical and clinical models,deep brain stimulation of the nAc has elicited successful *** multi-functional nAc is important in motivational behavior,and the motivation for avoiding pain is just as important to survival as the motivation for seeking *** is possible,then,that the nAc must be involved in both pleasure and pain in order to help determine the motivational salience of positive and negative events.

关键词： analgesia circuitry deep brain stimulation nociception nucleus accumbens pain pain relief pain signaling reward striatum

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Patient and Health System Factors Associated with First Line Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence, 2009-2014

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2022年第4期10卷 220-229页

作者： Gifty Adu Bernice n. harris Andy Beke School of Health Systems and Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa

Background: The prevalence and incidence rate of tuberculosis remains high although the disease is known to be almost always curable provided the patient adheres to the treatment regimen. This study assessed the strength of association between known patient and health system factors associated with first line tuberculosis treatment adherence. Methods: A quantitative cross sectional study. Retrospective chart reviews were conducted among 570 persons who had primary tuberculosis and received first line treatment at a health facility within the nkangala district, Mpumalanga province and who had a treatment outcome recorded between 1st January 2009 and 31st December 2014. Adherence to first line tuberculosis treatment was defined as taking ≥80% of tuberculosis prescribed drugs within a period of 6 to 8 months. Stata software (logistic regressions model) was used to analyze results and find the strength of association between known factors and treatment adherence. Results: Out of the 570 study participants, 473 were adherent and 96 were not adherent. There was a statistically significant association between age 18 years and above (OR: 1.02, P-value: 0.027), sex (lower in males OR: 0.44, P-value: 0.001) and support (OR: 3.04, P-value: 0.05) and HIV (OR: 1, P-value: 0.634) and first line TB treatment adherence. Conclusion and Recommendation: >80% adherence to first line tuberculosis outcome is possible. The support given to people with tuberculosis will further enhance adherence to first line tuberculosis treatment.

关键词： Adherence First-Line Tuberculosis Treatment non-Adherence Health System Factors Patient

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Carcinosarcoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses:Review of the national cancer database

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and neck Surgery 2023年第2期9卷 115-122页

作者： Jacob C.harris Jacob G.Eide Rijul S.Kshirsagar Jason A.Brant James n.Palmer nithin D.Adappa Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and neckSurgery Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Background:Carcinosarcomas are rare,aggressive malignancies that can arise in the nasal cavity and paranasal *** are limited outcome data ***,we sought to use the national Cancer Database(nCDB)to characterize patient demographics and ***:A retrospective analysis of the nCDB from 2004 to 2016 for patients with sinonasal carcinosarcoma was ***:Thirty patients were *** patients were predominantly male(n=20),white(n=23),and privately insured(n=15),with an average age of 62.4 *** nasal cavity was the most common subsite(n=14),followed by the maxillary sinus(n=8).Most patient were treated with surgery followed by radiation(n=23),with the remaining undergoing surgery alone(n=4),radiation alone(n=2),or no treatment(n=1).One-third(n=10)received adjuvant *** 1-and 5-year overall survival(OS)in the cohort were 79.2%and 43.3%,*** log-rank testing showed OS varied based on intervention(Pnd age(Pn multivariate analysis none of these factors independently predicted ***:We describe the demographics and presenting features of a national cohort of sinonasal carcinosarcoma *** research is needed to identify predictors of overall survival,and to assess the optimal roles for radiation and systemic chemotherapy.

关键词： cancer carcinosarcoma national Cancer Database nCDB outcomes sinonasal survival

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Estimating ancestral distributions of lineages with uncertain sister groups:a statistical approach to Dispersal-Vicariance Analysis and a case using Aesculus L.(Sapindaceae) including fossils

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2009年第5期47卷 349-368页

作者： A.J.harris north Carolina State University Department of Plant Biology

We propose a simple statistical approach for using Dispersal-Vicariance Analysis(DIVA) software to infer biogeographic histories without fully bifurcating *** this approach,ancestral ranges are first optimized for a sample of Bayesian *** probability P of an ancestral range r at a node is then calculated as P(rY) = n t=1 F(rY)t Pt where Y is a node,and F(rY) is the frequency of range r among all the optimal solutions resulting from DIVA optimization at node Y,t is one of n topologies optimized,and Pt is the probability of topology *** Y is a hypothesized ancestor shared by a specific crown lineage and the sister of that lineage "x",where x may vary due to phylogenetic uncertainty(polytomies and nodes with posterior probability ng this method,the ancestral distribution at Y can be estimated to provide inference of the geographic origins of the specific crown group of *** approach takes into account phylogenetic uncertainty as well as uncertainty from DIVA *** is an extension of the previously described method called Bayes-DIVA,which pairs Bayesian phylogenetic analysis with biogeographic analysis using ***,we show that the probability P of an ancestral range at Y calculated using this method does not equate to pp*F(rY) on the Bayesian consensus tree when both variables are nd F(rY) is the frequency of range r for the node containing the specific crown *** tested our DIVA-Bayes approach using Aesculus L.,which has major lineages unresolved as a *** inferred the most probable geographic origins of the five traditional sections of Aesculus and of Aesculus californica *** examined range subdivisions at parental nodes of these ***,we used the DIVA-Bayes data from Aesculus to quantify the effects on biogeographic inference of including two wildcard fossil taxa in phylogenetic *** analysis resolved the geographic ranges of the pare

关键词： Aesculus biogeography DIVA fossil wildcards MrBayes phylogenetic uncertainty.

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Cryogenic wedges on the nE Qinghai-Tibet and Ordos Plateaus:Their characteristics,origin and OSL dating

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2021年第6期13卷 463-473页

作者： Stuart A.harris Department of Geography University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaT2N 1N4Canada

Cryogenic wedges developed due to very cold,rather arid conditions during the maximum of the last cold event when the drying up of the neighboring China Sea resulted in the failure of the East Asian *** the climate ameliorated and the Monsoon rains reappeared,ice-wedges *** warming permitted thawing of the ice infillings accompanied by replacement of the ice by sediments partly from the host ground as well as from the surface by wind or sheet *** cases of extreme surface water flow on slopes after 10 ka B.P.,small baydjarakhs typically c.50 cm high developed,only to have the resulting hollows infilled by sediments carried by wind and/or sheet *** shallow structures form a network on top of many of the cryogenic *** complex history makes dating the ages of the wedges difficult using OSL ***,past field work ignored the problem of the angle of the cut face to the direction of the wedge infilling when sampling the contents of the narrow wedges,resulting in potential contamination of the samples with the host *** of the larger deposits should be alright,but the likelihood of contamination makes the interpretation of the resulting OSL dates from the narrow wedges *** wedges consisting of primary mineral infillings should still have similar OSL dates with depth for a given wedge,but the distinction between ice-wedge infillings and soil wedges is difficult since both can exhibit older dates of the infillings with *** available data suggests that ice-wedges were significantly more common than sediment-filled primary wedges.A protocol to avoid having to obtain large numbers of OSL dates by more careful field sampling and the use of grain size determinations is provided in the Appendix.

关键词： cryogenic wedges OSL dating nE Qinghai-Tibet Plateau differentiation of primary and secondary wedges baydjarakhs in arid climates

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Vitreous microparticles contain apoptotic signals suggesting a diabetic vitreopathy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第1期15卷 89-97页

作者： harris Sultan Rithwick Rajagopal Prabakar Kumar Rao Kisha Deslee Piggott Michael A Paley Lynn Marisa Hassman Albert S.Li Brigid Marshall Rajendra Shridhar Apte John Hardesty Department of Ophthalmology Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Medicine Division of RheumatologyWashington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201USA

AIM:To evaluate differences in microparticle profiles in vitreous samples between diabetic and non-diabetic eyes undergoing ***:Un-masked cross-sectional series of 34 eyes undergoing *** specimens were collected and processed to evaluate for membrane integrity(DAPI),apoptosis(Annexin-V),and endothelial-cell origin(V-Cadherin).A BD LSR II flow cytometer was used for analysis and standardized sub-micron-sized beads were used for size ***:Thirty-four specimens underwent *** levels of Annexin-V were found on microparticles from specimens in which blood had entered the vitreous(n=12)compared to those without blood(n=22;52.3%±30.7%vs 19.6%±27.2%,P=0.002).Patients with diabetes having surgery with hemorrhage(n=7)had greater expression of Annexin-V than those without hemorrhage(n=8;62.1%±31.7%vs 18.9%±20.9%,P=0.009).However,in patients with non-diabetic vitreous hemorrhage,the level of Annexin-V expression was not significantly different compared to other disease processes(38.6%±25.7%,n=5 vs 20.0%±30.9%,n=14,P=0.087).COnCLUSIOn:Increased expression of the apoptotic marker,Annexin-V is detected on vitreous microparticles in diabetes-related vitreous *** evaluating vitreous hemorrhage in patients without diabetes,the apoptotic signal is not significantly *** in patients with diabetes,and improvement in visual outcomes,may be related to the removal of a serumderived,pro-apoptotic *** investigation is warranted in order to identify the molecular characteristics of microparticles that regulate disease.

关键词： cell-derived microparticles vitrectomy vitreous diabetes mellitus apoptosis

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When multi-functional landscape meets Critical Zone science:advancing multi-disciplinary research for sustainable human well-being

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national Science Review 2019年第2期6卷 349-358页

作者： Ying Luo Yihe Lü Bojie Fu Paul harris Lianhai Wu Alexis Comber State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Joint Center for Global Change Studies Rothamsted Research North Wyke School of Geography University of Leeds

Environmental degradation has become one of the major obstacles to sustainable development and human well-being internationally. Scientific efforts are being made to understand the mechanism of environmental degradation and sustainability. Critical Zone(CZ) science and research on the multi-functional landscape are emerging fields in Earth science that can contribute to such scientific efforts. This paper reviews the progress, similarities and current status of these two scientific research fields, and identifies a number of opportunities for their synergistic integration through functional and multi-functional approaches,process-based monitoring, mechanistic analyses and dynamic modeling, global long-term and networked monitoring and systematic modeling supported by scaling and deep coupling. These approaches proposed in this paper have the potential to support sustainable human well-being by strengthening a functional orientation that consolidates multi-functional landscape research and CZ science. This is a key challenge for sustainable development and human well-being in the twenty-first century.

关键词： multi-functional landscapes Critical Zone ecosystem services sustainable development human well-being

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