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Field survey of a sustainable sanitation system in a residential house

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第6期18卷 1088-1093页

作者： Naoko NAKAGAWA Masahiro OTAKI Shinji MIURA Hironobu HAMASUNA Katsuyoshi ishizaki Department of Human Environmental Sciences Ochanomizu University2-1-1OtsukaBunkyo-KuTokyo 112-8610Japan. City Maintenance Technical Research Center 2-9-23ShinjuShinjuku-KuTokyo 160-0023Japan Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science 536Abama-choNagasaki-shiNagasaki Pref.851-0123Japan Research Institute for a Sustainable Future Waseda University513 Tsurumaki-ChouWasedaShinjuku-KuTokyo 169-8050Japan

Sustainable sanitation is an approach for more ecological and sustainable water resources management. In this paper, we proposed one of the new integrated waste treatment systems： an ＂sustainable sanitation system＂ that includes separation of the black water from water system by a non-flushing toilet （bio-toilet）, and a gray water treatment based on a biological and ecological concept. Sustainable sanitation system also converts the domestic waste to soil conditioners and fertilizers, for farmland use. As one of the case studies, Environmentally Symbiotic Housing in which people actually live using the bio-toilet for the black water treatment and the household wastewater treatment facility for the gray water was introduced. The availability of this system was investigated by analyzing the sawdust used in the bio-toilet and the quality of the effluent in the household wastewater treatment facility. As the result, the water content of the sawdust did not exceed 60% in any of the sampling points and the BOD and COD of the effluent of the household wastewater treatment facility were below 10 and 20 mg/L respectively, due to the low loading. Compared to the pollution load on the water environment created by the conventional system, it was found that the effluent of the house has a lower load than the tertiary treatment and the volume of the water consumption is 75% of the conventional system.

关键词： bio-toilet pollution load sustainable sanitation system water consumption

Enzymatic treatment of estrogens and estrogen glucuronide

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第6期21卷 731-735页

作者： Takaaki Tanaka Toshiyuki Tamura Yuuichi ishizaki Akito Kawasaki Tomokazu Kawase Masahiro Teraguchi Masayuki Taniguchi Department of Materials Science and Technology Niigata University Venture Business Laboratory Niigata University Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Niigata University

Natural and synthetic estrogens from sewage treatment systems are suspected to influence the reproductive health of the animals in the rivers. In this article, we investigated the enzymatic treatment of three estrogens （estrone, 17β-estradiol, and 17α-ethynyletstradiol） by a fungal laccase which oxidize phenolic compounds with dissolved oxygen. The elimination of the estrogenic activities by enzymatic oxidation was demonstrated by medaka vitellogenin assay. In addition, we developed an enzymatic treatment system comprised of β-D-glucuronidase and the laccase for 17β-estradiol 3-（β-D-glucuronide） degradation. The two enzymes eliminated 17β-estradiol 3-（β- D-glucuronide） and the intermediate, 17β-estradiol, efficiently.

关键词： enzymatic treatment laccase estrone estradiol ethynylestradiol glucuronidase glucuronide

Study on conservation of mural paintings in Tumulus： Numerical analysis of heat behaviors of stone chamber after excavation

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2012年第4期1卷 375-379页

作者： Yonghui Li Daisuke Ogura Shuichi Hokoi Takeshi ishizaki School of Architecture Key Laboratory of Architectural and Urban Heritage Conservation Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan Department of Research Support and Promotion National Research Institute for Cultural Properties Tokyo 110-8713 Japan

In 1972 mural paintings of Takamatsuzuka tumulus were discovered and have been conserved on site for 35 years, but fungi growth on the mural paintings was not suppressed. In 2007 the stone chamber was dismantled and removed to the facility for conservation and restoration. The purposes of our study are to clarify the main cause of the deterioration and to propose a suitable method to prevent the deterioration for preserving them on site. In this paper, we developed the two-dimensional analysis model by considering the actual change of the surrounding mound because of the excavation in 1972, and perform the analysis of heat behavior of Takamatsuzuka tumulus before and after excavation and compare effects of different sun-shading methods on heat behavior of the stone chamber. The main results are as follows：（1） after the excavation, the inside surface temperature distribution of the stone chamber and the amplitude of indoor temperature become larger. （2） Using the sun-shading panel in the area of excavation is an effective method to reduce the average indoor temperature; however, it has no influence on reducing the temperature distribution of the stone chamber and the temperature difference between the inside wall and indoor.

关键词： Effect Excavation Heat transfer Sun-shading Conservation

Anisotropic, biomorphic cellular Si_(3)N_(4) ceramics with directional well-aligned nanowhisker arrays based on wood-mimetic architectures

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2022年第4期11卷 656-664页

作者： Songsong XU Xiaonan ZHOU Qiang ZHI Junjie GAO Liucheng HAO Zhongqi SHI Bo WANG Jianfeng YANG Kozo ishizaki State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China High Voltage Switchgear Insulation Materials Laboratory of State Grid Pinggao Group Co.Ltd.Pingdingshan 467001China Department of Mechanical Engineering Nagaoka University of TechnologyNagaoka 940-2188Japan

Inspired by the transport behavior of water and ions through the aligned channels in trees,we demonstrate a facile,scalable approach for constructing biomorphic cellular Si_(3)N_(4) ceramic frameworks with well-aligned nanowhisker arrays on the surface of directionally aligned microchannel *** a facile Y(NO_(3))_(3) solution infiltration into wood-derived carbon preforms and subsequent heat treatment,we can faultlessly duplicate the anisotropic wood architectures into free-standing bulk porous Si_(3)N_(4) ***,α-Si3N4 microchannels were synthesized on the surface of CB-templates via carbothermal reduction nitridation(CRN).And then,homogeneous distributed Y–Si–O–N liquid phase on the walls of microchannel facilitated the anisotropicβ-Si3N4 grain growth to form nanowhisker *** dense aligned microchannels with low-tortuosity enable excellent load carrying capacity and thermal conduction through the entire *** a result,the porous Si_(3)N_(4) ceramics exhibited an outstanding thermal conductivity(TC,k_(R)≈6.26 W·m^(−1)·K^(−1)),a superior flexural strength(σ_(L)≈29.4 MPa),and a relative high anisotropic ratio of TC(k_(R)/k_(L)=4.1).The orientation dependence of the microstructure–property relations may offer a promising perspective for the fabrication of multifunctional ceramics.

关键词： silicon nitride anisotropic carbothermal reduction nitridation(CRN) wood nanowhisker arrays

Ratio of mean platelet volume to platelet count is a potential surrogate marker predicting liver cirrhosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第1期10卷 82-87页

作者： Hiroya Iida Masaki Kaibori Kosuke Matsui Morihiko ishizaki Masanori Kon Department of Surgery Kansai Medical University

AIM To provide a simple surrogate marker predictive of liver cirrhosis(LC).METHODS Specimens from 302 patients who underwent resection for hepatocellular carcinoma between January 2006 and December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on pathologic findings, patients were divided into groups based on whether or not they had LC. Parameters associated with hepatic functional reserve were compared in these two groups using MannWhitney U-test for univariate analysis. Factors differing significantly in univariate analyses were entered into multivariate logistic regression *** There were significant differences between the LC group(n = 100) and non-LC group(n = 202) in prothrombin activity, concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, albumin, cholinesterase, type Ⅳ collagen, hyaluronic acid, indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min, maximal removal rate of technitium-99 m diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid-galactosyl human serum albumin and ratio of mean platelet volume to platelet count(MPV/PLT). Multivariate analysis showed that prothrombin activity, concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin and hyaluronic acid, and MPV/PLT ratio were factors independently predictive of LC. The area under the curve value for MPV/PLT was 0.78,with a 0.8 cutoff value having a sensitivity of 65% and a specificity of 78%.CONCLUSION The MPV/PLT ratio, which can be determined simply from the complete blood count, may be a simple surrogate marker predicting LC.

关键词： Mean platelet volume Platelet count Liver cirrhosis Hepatic functional reserve Liver fibrosis

Mechanism of frost heave by film water migration under temperature gradient

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第15期42卷 1290-1294页

作者： Xu, XZ Wang, JC Zhang, LX Deng, YS Chuvilin, EM Yershov, ED ishizaki, T Fukuda, M State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology and Geocryology Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China Geological Faculty of Moscow University Russia Institute of Low Temperature Science Hokkaido University Japan

IT is well known that there exists unfrozen film water in frozen soils due to the action of sur-face energy among soil particles and frost heave occurs by water migration under the tempera-ture gradient. The problem is how to determine the amount of frost heave quantitatively. The amount of frost heave induced by ice segregation can be calculated by the following e-quations:

关键词： temperature gradient film water frost heave.

possible role of soluble fibrin monomer complex after gastroenterological surgery

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第12期23卷 2209-2216页

作者： Masatoshi Kochi Manabu Shimomura Takao Hinoi Hiroyuki Egi Kazuaki Tanabe Yasuyo ishizaki Tomohiro Adachi Hirotaka Tashiro Hideki Ohdan Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery Applied Life SciencesInstitute of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima University Department of Surgery National Hospital Organization Higashihiroshima Medical Center Department of Surgery Institute for Clinical ResearchNational Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chu-goku Cancer Center Department of Surgery National Hospital Organization Hiroshima-nishi Medical Center

AIM To examine the role of soluble fibrin monomer complex(SFMC) in the prediction of hypercoagulable state after gastroenterological *** We collected data on the clinical risk factors and fibrin-related makers from patients who underwent gastroenterological surgery at Hiroshima University Hospital between April 1, 2014 and March 31, 2015. We investigated the clinical significance of SFMC, which is known to reflect the early plasmatic activation of coagulation, in the view of these fibrin related *** A total of 123 patients were included in the present study. There were no patients with symptomatic VTE. Thirty-five(28%) patients received postoperative anticoagulant therapy. In the multivariate analysis, a high SFMC level on POD 1 was independently associated with D-dimer elevation on POD 7(OR = 4.31, 95%CI: 1.10-18.30, P = 0.03). The cutoff SFMC level was 3.8 μg/ml(AUC = 0.78, sensitivity, 63%, specificity, 89%). The D-dimer level on POD 7 was significantly reduced in high-SFMC patients who received anticoagulant therapy in comparison to highSFMC patients who did *** The SFMC on POD 1 strongly predicted the hypercoagulable state after gastroenterological surgery than the clinical risk factors and the other fibrin related markers.

关键词： Hypercoagulable state Gastroenterological surgery Soluble fibrin monomer complex Venous thromboembolism Anticoagulant therapy

Clinical outcomes of patients with chronic hepatitis C after generic direct-acting antiviral treatments in Vietnam: A retrospective analysis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020年第11期13卷 487-493页

作者： Huong TT Vu Azumi ishizaki Quynh T Nguyen Huyen N Nguyen Hoi T Le Kinh V Nguyen Hiroshi Ichimura National Hospital for Tropical Disease HanoiVietnam Department of Viral Infection and International Health Graduate School of Medical SciencesKanazawa UniversityJapan

Objective:To evaluate the outcomes of generic direct-acting antiviral treatments for chronic hepatitis C in ***:The medical records of 522 patients(median 45 years;Female,25.3%)with chronic hepatitis C treated at a tertiary hospital in northern Vietnam in 2016 were retrospectively ***:Female patients were significantly older than male patients(median 52,IQR 41-59 vs.43 years,IQR:39-55;P<0.001).Among 522 patients,49.4%were infected with hepatitis C virus(HCV)genotype 6,followed by 1 a(19.0%),1 b(13.0%),and 3(5.9%).Coinfection with hepatitis B virus or human immunodeficiency virus was noted in 5.8%and 3.1%of patients,*** were treated with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir with or without ribavirin(70.9%),sofosbuvir/pegylated-interferon+ribavirin(13.2%),daclatasvir/sofosbuvir with or without ribavirin(12.5%),or sofosbuvir/ribavirin(3.4%),and 96.4%(n=503)completed the direct-acting antiviral *** patient discontinued treatment due to adverse event(s).A sustained virologic response 12 weeks after the end of the treatment(SVR12)was evaluated in 62.6%of *** sustained virologic response 12 weeks after the end of the treatment was 98.7%regardless of HCV genotypes or direct-acting antiviral *** severity of liver stiffness was significantly decreased from 10.2 to 6.3 kilopascals measured by transient elastography by the treatment(P<0.001).Among patients who completed the directacting antiviral treatment,17.7%returned for further follow-ups after ***:In Vietnam,the current generic direct-acting antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis C was effective regardless of HCV genotypes and direct-acting antiviral regimens with the attenuation of liver *** is feasible to implement direct-acting antiviral treatment to cure chronic hepatitis C patients at any liver fibrosis stages in Vietnam.

关键词： Vietnam Chronic hepatitis C Generic direct-acting antiviral Improvement of liver stiffness

G protein controls stress readiness by modulating transcriptional and metabolic homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana and Marchantia polymorpha

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Molecular Plant 2022年第12期15卷 1889-1907页

作者： Ting-Ying Wu Shalini Krishnamoorthi Kulaporn Boonyaves Isam Al-Darabsah Richalynn Leong Alan M.Jones Kimitsune ishizaki Kang-Ling Liao Daisuke Urano Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory SingaporeSingapore Department of Mathematics University of ManitobaWinnipegMBCanada Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology SingaporeSingapore Department of Biological Sciences National University of SingaporeSingapore 117558Singapore Departments of Biology and Pharmacology University of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA Graduate School of Science Kobe UniversityKobeHyogo 657-8501Japan

The core G protein signaling module,which consists of Gαand extra-large Gα(XLG)subunits coupled with the Gβγdimer,is a master regulator of various stress *** this study,we compared the basal and salt stress-induced transcriptomic,metabolomic and phenotypic profiles in Gα,Gβ,and XLG-null mutants of two plant species,Arabidopsis thaliana and Marchantia polymorpha,and showed that G protein mediates the shift of transcriptional and metabolic homeostasis to stress readiness *** demonstrated that such stress readiness serves as an intrinsic protection mechanism against further stressors through enhancing the phenylpropanoid pathway and abscisic acid ***,WRKY transcription factors were identified as key intermediates of G protein-mediated homeostatic *** and mathematical model comparisons between *** and *** revealed evolutionary conservation of transcriptional and metabolic networks over land plant evolution,whereas divergence has occurred in the function of plant-specific atypical XLG *** together,our results indicate that the shifts in transcriptional and metabolic homeostasis at least partially act as the mechanisms of G protein-coupled stress responses that are conserved between two distantly related plants.

关键词： homeostatic adjustments transcriptional regulation metabolic regulation heterotrimeric G protein evolutionary conservation