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Assessment of Seasonal Rainfall Prediction in Ethiopia: Evaluating a Dynamic Recurrent Neural Network to Downscale ECMWF-SEAS5 Rainfall

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第11期 2230-2244页

作者： abebe KEBEDE Kirsten WARRACH-SAGI Thomas SCHWITALLA Volker WULFMEYER tesfaye abebe Markos WARE Hawassa University College of Agriculture Arba Minch University Water Institute of Technology Faculty of Meteorology and Hydrology Institute of Physics and Meteorology University of Hohenheim

Seasonal rainfall plays a vital role in both environmental dynamics and decision-making for rainfed agriculture in Ethiopia, a country often impacted by extreme climate events such as drought and flooding. Predicting the onset of the rainy season and providing localized rainfall forecasts for Ethiopia is challenging due to the changing spatiotemporal patterns and the country's rugged topography. The Climate Hazards Group Infra Red Precipitation with Station Data(CHIRPS), ERA5-Land total precipitation and temperature data are used from 1981–2022 to predict spatial rainfall by applying an artificial neural network(ANN). The recurrent neural network(RNN) is a nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous input(NARX), which includes feed-forward connections and multiple network layers, employing the Levenberg Marquart algorithm. This method is applied to downscale data from the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts fifth-generation seasonal forecast system(ECMWF-SEAS5) and the Euro-Mediterranean Centre for Climate Change(CMCC) to the specific locations of rainfall stations in Ethiopia for the period 1980–2020. Across the stations, the results of NARX exhibit strong associations and reduced errors. The statistical results indicate that, except for the southwestern Ethiopian highlands, the downscaled monthly precipitation data exhibits high skill scores compared to the station records, demonstrating the effectiveness of the NARX approach for predicting local seasonal rainfall in Ethiopia's complex terrain. In addition to this spatial ANN of the summer season precipitation, temperature, as well as the combination of these two variables, show promising results.

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Platelet indices as predictors of poor glucoregulation in type 2 diabetes mellitus adults at Bishoftu General Hospital,Ethiopia

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第9期15卷 1889-1902页

作者： Dereje abebe Regassa Gebeyaw Arega Berihun Bisrat Fikadu Habtu Woyesa Beyene Haile Rahel Shumi Nagaash Girum tesfaye Kiya Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Wolkite UniversityWolkite 11330Ethiopia School of Medical Laboratory Sciences Jimma UniversityJimma 47Ethiopia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Dire Dawa UniversityDire Dawa 3000Ethiopia

BACKGROUND Diabetes is a chronic metabolic syndrome that has become a global public health problem with significant morbidity and *** is a pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic condition characterized by increased platelet activation and alterations in platelet ***,the use of platelet indices as predictors of poor glucoregulation has not been fully evaluated in this context,and evidence for their role as predictors of poor glycemic status in diabetic patients is *** To evaluate platelet indices and determine their prognostic significance in relation to inadequate glucoregulation among individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at Bishoftu General Hospital in Ethiopia,from June 15 to August 12,*** A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in 261 participants including 174 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and 87 non-diabetic *** systematic random sampling technique was used to select *** were collected using structured questionnaires,physical measurements,checklists,and laboratory *** parameters and fasting blood glucose levels were determined from blood samples using Sysmex-XN550 and CobasC311 analyzers,*** hematology analyzer output was checked and participants were also screened for malaria parasites using a prepared blood *** data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for ***χ2 test,Mann-Whitney U test,Kruskal-Wallis test,post hoc test,Spearman correlation,and receiver operating characteristic curve were used for analysis.A P value<0.05 was considered statistically *** The results of our study indicate that diabetic patients have significantly higher levels of platelet distribution width(PDW),mean platelet volume(MPV),platelet large cell ratio(PLCR),and plateletcrit(PCT)compared to healthy individuals(P<0.001).Furthermore,these indices were found to be significantly elevated in individuals wi

关键词： Platelet indices Type 2 diabetes mellitus Controls Adult Ethiopia

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Amylotrophic Lateral Sclerosis-Like Motor Impairment in Prion Diseases

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2019年第1期10卷 15-29页

作者： Eden Yitna Teferedegn Dawit tesfaye Eyualem abebe Cemal Un Department of Biology Molecular Biology Division Ege University Izmir Turkey Institute for Animal Science University of Bonn Bonn Germany Department of Natural Sciences Elizabeth City State University Elizabet City NC USA

Neurodegenerative diseases are collective diseases that affect different parts of the brain with common or distinct disease phenotype. In almost all of the Prion diseases, motor impairments that are characterized by motor derangement, apathy, ataxia, and myoclonus are documented and again are shared by motor neuron diseases (MND). Proteins such as;B-Cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), Copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS), Amyloid beta precursor protein (APP), Amyloid Precursor-Like Protein1/2 (APLP1/2), Catalase (CAT), and Stress induced phosphoprotein 1 (STIP1), are common interactomes of Prion and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). Although there is no strong evidence to show the interaction of SOD1 and Prion, the implicated common interacting proteins indicate the potential bilateral interaction of those proteins in health and disease. For example, down-regulation of Heat shock protein A (HSPA5), a Prion interactome, increases accumulation of misfolded SOD1 leading to MND. Loss of Cu uptake function disturbs normal function of CCS. Over-expressed proteasome subunit alpha 3 (PSMA3) could fatigue its normal function of removing misfolded proteins. Studies showed the increase in CAT and lipid oxidation both in Prion-knocked out animal and in catalase deficiency cases. Up regulation, down regulation or direct interaction with their interactomes are predicted molecular mechanisms by which Prion and SOD exert their effect. The loss of protective function or the gain of a novel toxic property by the principal proteins is shared in Prion and MND. Thus, it might be possible to conclude that the interplay of proteins displayed in both diseases could be a key phenomenon in motor dysfunction development.

关键词： Prion Super Oxide Dismutase-1 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Motor Neuron Diseases Interactomes

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Phytochemical screening of the exudate of Aloe otallensis and its effect on Leishmania donovani

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第6期4卷 479-482页

作者： Zerihun tesfaye Nigusse Woldea abebe Wondifraw Sefinew Migbaru Abate Department of Pharmacy Tikur Anbessa Specialized HospitalCollege of Health SciencesAddis Ababa UniversityP.O.Box 1176Addis AbabaEthiopia Outpatient Pharmacy Case Team Debre Markos Referral HospitalEast Gojjame ZoneAmhara Regional StateP.O.Box 37Debre MarkosEthiopia Oncology Pharmacy Case Team Tikur Anbessa Specialized HospitalCollege of Health SciencesAddis Ababa UniversityP.O.Box 1176Addis AbabaEthiopia

Objective:To evaluate the antileishmanial activity of methanolic extract of Aloe otallensis(***)on the promastigote stage of Leishmania donovani(***)as compared to standard drugs and to screen its phytochemical ***:Phytochemical screening was done by using the method mentioned by Evans and Trease on methanolic extract of the exudates of Aloe otallensis *** extract was also evaluated for in vitro antileishmanial activity against *** which is found from the Parasitology Unit of Black Lion *** result was compared to standard drugs of sodium stibogluconate,milfostin and ***:The extract has a good antileishmanial activity with an IC_(50)of 0.1230μg/mL on ***(AM 563).The experimental data showed that relatively it had better activity than paramomycin and milfostin but less activity than sodium *** data analyses were done by GraphPad Prism version 5 software after it was read by ELISA reader at the wave length of 650 *** phytochemical screening of the exudates of *** showed the presence of phenol,alkaloid and ***:The methanol extract of the exudates of *** has a good anti-leishmaniasis activity and this may be attributed to phenol,alkaloid and saponin present in the *** it needs further analysis for the conformation of which constituent presents in high concentration to know which one has the strongest effect.

关键词： Anti-leishmaniasis Aloe otallensis Leishmania donovani IC_(50)

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