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Influence of preterm birth on the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and childhood developmental vulnerability:a causal mediation analysis

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 54-63页

作者： Bereket Duko Amanuel tesfay Gebremedhin Gizachew Assefa Tessema Gavin Pereira Australian Centre for Precision Health UniSA Clinical and Health SciencesUniversity of South AustraliaNorth TerraceAdelaideSA5000Australia Curtin School of Population Health Faculty of Health SciencesCurtin UniversityKent StreetBentleyWA 6102Australia enAble Institute Curtin UniversityKent StreetBentleyWA6102Australia Centre for Fertility and Health(CeFH) Norwegian Institute of Public HealthOsloNorway

Background Epidemiological studies examining the direct and indirect effects of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)on offspring early childhood developmental vulnerability are lacking.Therefore,the aims of this study were to estimate the direct and indirect effects of GDM(through preterm birth)on early childhood developmental vulnerability.Methods We conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study on the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and early childhood developmental vulnerability in children born in Western Australia(WA)using maternal,infant and birth records from the Midwives Notification,Hospitalizations,Developmental Anomalies,and the Australian Early Development Census(AEDC)databases.We used two aggregated outcome measures:developmentally vulnerable on at least one AEDC domain(DV1)and developmentally vulnerable on at least two AEDC domains(DV2).Causal mediation analysis was applied to estimate the natural direct(NDE),indirect(NIE),and total(TE)effects as relative risks(RR).Results In the whole cohort(n=64,356),approximately 22%were classified as DV1 and 11%as DV2 on AEDC domains.Estimates of the natural direct effect suggested that children exposed to GDM were more likely to be classified as DV1(RR=1.20,95%CI:1.10-1.31)and DV2(RR=1.34,95%CI:1.19-1.50)after adjusting for potential confounders.About 6%and 4%of the effect of GDM on early childhood developmental vulnerability was mediated by preterm birth for DV1 and DV2,respectively.Conclusion Children exposed to gestational diabetes mellitus were more likely to be developmentally vulnerable in one or more AEDC domains.The biological mechanism for these associations is not well explained by mediation through preterm birth.

关键词： Child development Causal mediation analysis Gestational diabetes mellitus Offspring

Central applications of tesfay coordination in transportation supply chain:Case of airline industry

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第5期6卷 514-525页

作者： Yohannes Yebabe tesfay CREE Durham Hitachi Powdered Metals (USA) Inc.

This paper is extensions of the tesfay(2014) paper on the Bullwhip effects and tesfay(2015) paper on the foundations of the Bullwhip effect and its implications on the theory of organizational coordination.The major outcome of the tesfay(2014) paper suggests that one way or another Bullwhip effect attacks all the business collaborates in supply chain.The major outcome of the tesfay(2015) paper suggests that the solutions from the transaction cost economics are still insufficient to produce the most efficient organizational coordination.This paper extends stochastic analysis by applying various panel data regression models and structural equations of seemingly unrelated regression(SUR)models on the experimental data from Beer game.Recursive autoregressive-SUR model estimation result confirmed that the Bullwhip effects can be cause by both intra-organizational coordination and inter-organizational coordination of the business collaborates of supply chain.In order to control the effect of intra-organizational coordination on the Bullwhip effects,the author outline a new coordination type known as the hyper-hybrid coordination.As a final point,the author has shown important applications of the hyperhybrid coordination in the airline industry.

关键词： Airline industry Bullwhip effect Stochastic model tesfay coordination

Asymmetric expression of CA2 and CA13 linked to calcification in the bilateral mandibular condyles cause crossed beaks in chickens

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2379-2390页

作者： Lei Shi Yanyan Sun Yunlei Li Hao Bai Jingwei Yuan Hui Ma Yuanmei Wang Panlin Wang Aixin Ni Linlin Jiang Pingzhuang Ge Shixiong Bian Yunhe Zong Jinmeng Zhao Adamu MIsa Hailai Htesfay Jilan Chen State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding/Key Laboratory of Animal(Poultry)Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Animal Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China College of Animal Science and Technology Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071001China Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety Ministry of Education/Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology DevelopmentYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Crossed beak is a complex mode of inheritance with prevalence ranging from 0.2 to 7.4%in at least 12 chicken strains worldwide.To reveal the intrinsic factors causing crossed beaks,genes expression patterns in bilateral mandibular condyle between affected and normal birds were characterized by RNA sequencing analysis in the present studies.Crossed beak was induced by short length of unilateral mandibular ramus,and a total of 110 differentially expressed genes were up-or down-regulated in the affected(short)mandibular condyle side as compared to the normal side.Carbonic anhydrase 2(CA2)and Carbonic anhydrase 13(CA13)were enriched in the carbonate dehydratase activity,and high-expressed in mandibular condyle and osteoblasts(P<0.05).However,both were low-expressed in short mandibular condyle side of affected birds(P<0.05).The carbonate dehydratase inhibitor experiments confirmed that there is positive association between the calcification and carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes.Quantitative analysis with cetylpyridinium chloride showed a decrease in calcification when the cells were transfected with an anti-CA13 shRNA.Our research suggested that CA2 and CA13 are down-calcified in shortside mandibular condyle,and caused mandibular ramus to grow slowly.CA2 and CA13 have the critical role in crossed beaks by regulating calcification of mandibular condyle.

关键词： chicken crossed beak carbonic anhydrase calcification CA2 CA13

Coupling remote sensing and crop growth model to estimate national wheat yield in Ethiopia

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Big Earth Data 2022年第1期6卷 18-35页

作者： Awetahegn Niguse Beyene Hongwei Zeng Bingfang Wu Liang Zhu tesfay Gebretsadkan Gebremicael Miao Zhang Temesgen Bezabh State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Tigray Agricultural Research Institute MekelleEthiopia Climate Change and Rural Development Mekelle UniversityMekelleEthiopia

Estimation of crop yield at a regional level is essential for making agricultural planning and addressing food security issues in Ethiopia.Remote sensing observations,particularly the leaf area index(LAI),have a strong relationship with crop yield.This study has proposed an approach to estimate wheat yield at field level and regional scale in Ethiopia by assimilating the retrieved MODIS time-series LAI data into the WOrld FOod STudies(WOFOST)model.To improve the estimation of crop yield in the region,the Ensemble Kalman Filter(EnKF)was used to incorporate the LAI into the WOFOST model.The estimation accuracy of wheat crop yield was validated using field-measured yields collected during the 2018 growing season.Our findings indicated that wheat yield was more precisely estimated by WOFOST(at water-limited mode)with EnKF algorithm(R^(2)=0.80 and RMSE=413 kg ha^(−1))compared to that of without assimilating remotely sensed LAI(R^(2)=0.58,RMSE=592 kg ha^(−1)).These results demonstrated that assimilating MODIS-LAI into WOFOST has high potential and practicality to give a reference for wheat yield estimation.The findings from this study can provide information to policy,decision-makers,and other similar sectors to implement an appropriate and timely yield estimation measure.

关键词： Wheat yield WOFOST model Ensemble Kalman Filter remote sensing

Rehabilitation of indigenous browse plant species following exclosure established on communal grazing lands in South Tigray, Ethiopia, and implication for conservation

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 530-538页

作者： tesfay Atsbha Solomon Wayu Nguse Gebretsadkan tesfay Gebremariam Tsgehiwet Giday Tigray Agricultural Research Institute Alamata Agriculture Research CenterP.O.Box56AlamataEthiopia

Background:Despite the wide use of indigenous browse plant species,there is almost no information on the rehabilitation of indigenous browse species following area exclosure(AE)established on communal grazing lands(CGL)in Southern Tigray.The objectives of this study were to assess the rehabilitation of browse plant species following AE establishment on CGL.A total of 61 and 59 plots of 10×10m2 size were laid down at 50-m intervals along parallel line transects at AE and GCL,respectively.Data collected on vegetation attributes were subjected to analysis of t test(unequal variances)using R-software.Results:The Shannon diversity index of the browse plant species was 1.25 and 0.81 in AE and CGL,respectively(P<0.001).The overall population structure of browse plant species in the AE shows a reverse J-shaped population curve and“good”regeneration status,which reveals that the future communities may be sustained.Leaf biomass and basal area of browse plant species were significantly higher in the AE than in CGL(P<0.001).After exclusion of grazing,AE was found to have positive effects on diversity and aboveground biomass of browse plant species.Conclusions:The study gives an understanding of the diversity,the pattern of population and regeneration of the browse plant species,which may help in the management and conservation of the species.Our results indicate that grazing exclusion is an effective management strategy to restore browse plant species.We concluded that the establishment of AE had a positive effect on the rehabilitation of browse plant species diversity and improved population structure and regeneration potentials of degraded grazing lands.Long-term monitoring and evaluation systems will be required to gain an informed understanding of the roles played by area exclosures in the rehabilitation and conservation of browse palnt species diversity.

关键词： Browse Rehabilitation Restoration

Exclosure land management for restoration of herbaceous species in degraded communal grazing lands in Southern Tigray

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2020年第1期6卷 309-319,308页

作者： tesfay Atsbha Solomon Wayu Nguse Gebretsadkan Tsgehiwet Giday tesfay Gebremariam Tigray Agricultural Research Institute Alamata Agriculture Research CenterP.O.BOX 56AlamataEthiopia

Herbaceous species contribute to the largest proportion of the fodder.Despite the profound benefits obtained,anthropogenic disturbances are hindering its development.On the other hand,to ensure the sustainability of herbaceous species,communities and governments have been putting efforts in managing herbaceous species through the establishment of area exclosure(AE).Thus,the main importance of this research paper is to provide information about the role of AE on the restoration of herbaceous species.The objective of this study was to assess the effect of restoration on the herbaceous species following AE established on communal grazing land(CGL).A total of 124 and 73 quadrats of 1×1m^(2) size were laid down at 50 m intervals along parallel transects at AE and CGL,respectively,and data were analyzed by t-test unequal variances using R-software.AE displayed higher plant species richness and diversity than the CGL and showed a significant difference(p<0.001).Similarly,the AE had significantly(p<0.001)higher forage biomass than the CGL.In general,herbaceous species diversity index and species richness were significantly(p<0.001)higher in the AE compared to the CGL.The study concluded that effective AE has the potential to enhance the restoration of herbaceous species and hence forage productivity.

关键词： Grazing land land conservation palatable indigenous vegetation area exclosure

MultiDMet: Designing a Hybrid Multidimensional Metrics Framework to Predictive Modeling for Performance Evaluation and Feature Selection

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Intelligent Information Management 2023年第6期15卷 391-425页

作者： tesfay Gidey Hailu Taye Abdulkadir Edris Department of Information and Communication Engineering Addis Ababa Science and Technology University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Computer Science HILCOE School of Computer Science and Technology Addis Ababa Ethiopia

In a competitive digital age where data volumes are increasing with time, the ability to extract meaningful knowledge from high-dimensional data using machine learning (ML) and data mining (DM) techniques and making decisions based on the extracted knowledge is becoming increasingly important in all business domains. Nevertheless, high-dimensional data remains a major challenge for classification algorithms due to its high computational cost and storage requirements. The 2016 Demographic and Health Survey of Ethiopia (EDHS 2016) used as the data source for this study which is publicly available contains several features that may not be relevant to the prediction task. In this paper, we developed a hybrid multidimensional metrics framework for predictive modeling for both model performance evaluation and feature selection to overcome the feature selection challenges and select the best model among the available models in DM and ML. The proposed hybrid metrics were used to measure the efficiency of the predictive models. Experimental results show that the decision tree algorithm is the most efficient model. The higher score of HMM (m, r) = 0.47 illustrates the overall significant model that encompasses almost all the user’s requirements, unlike the classical metrics that use a criterion to select the most appropriate model. On the other hand, the ANNs were found to be the most computationally intensive for our prediction task. Moreover, the type of data and the class size of the dataset (unbalanced data) have a significant impact on the efficiency of the model, especially on the computational cost, and the interpretability of the parameters of the model would be hampered. And the efficiency of the predictive model could be improved with other feature selection algorithms (especially hybrid metrics) considering the experts of the knowledge domain, as the understanding of the business domain has a significant impact.

关键词： Predictive Modeling Hybrid Metrics Feature Selection Model Selection Algorithm Analysis Machine Learning

Modified panel data regression model and its applications to the airline industry： Modeling the load factor of Europe North and Europe Mid Atlantic flights

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2016年第4期3卷 283-295页

作者： Yohannes Yebabe tesfay Faculty of Economics Informatics and Social Change Molde University College Molde 6402 Norway

This article conducts a stochastic analysis on the passenger load factor of the airline in- dustry. Used to measure competence and performance of the airline, load factor is the percentage of seats filled by revenue passengers. It is considered a complex metric in the airline industry. Thus, it is affected by several dynamic factors. This paper applies advanced stochastic models to obtain the best fitted trend of load factor for Europe＇s North Atlantic （NA） and Mid Atlantic （MA） flights in the Association of European Airlines. The stochastic model＇s fit helps to forecast the load factor of flights within these geographical regions and evaluate the airline＇s demand and capacity management. The paper applies spectral density estimation and dynamic time effects panel data regression models on the monthly load factor flights of NA and MA from 1991 to 2013. The results show that the load factor has both periodic and serial correlations. Consequently, the author acknowledges that the use of an ordinal panel data model is inappropriate for a realistic econometric model of load factor. Therefore, to control the periodic correlation structure, the author modified the existing model was modified by introducing dynamic time effects. Moreover, to eradicate serial correlation, the author applied the Prais-Winsten methodology was applied to fit the model. In this econometric analysis, the study finds that AEA airlines have greater demand and capacity management for both NA and MA flights. In conclusion, this study prosperous in finding an effective and efficient dynamic time effects panel data regression model fit, which empowers engineers to forecast the load factor off AEA airlines.

关键词： AirlinesLoad factorSpectral density estimationDynamic time effects panel datamodel

Enhancing optomechanical force sensing via precooling and quantum noise cancellation

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第1期63卷 44-54页

作者： tesfay Gebremariam Ye-Xiong Zeng Mojtaba Mazaheri Chong Li Department of Physics Ar ba Minch UniversityAr ba Minch 21Ethiopia School of Physics Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Department of Basic Science Hamedan University of TechnologyHamedan 65169-1-3733Iran

We theoretically investigate optomechanical force sensing via precooling and quantum noise cancellation in two coupled cavity optomechanical systems.We show that force sensing based on the reduction of noise can be used to dramatically enhance the force sensing and that the precooling process can eifectively improve the quantum noise cancellation.Specifically,we examine the effect of optomechanical cooling and noise reduction on the spectral density of the noise of the force measurement;these processes can significantly enhance the performance of optomechanical force sensing,and setting up the system in the resolved sideband regime can lead to an optimization of the cooling processes in a hybrid system.Such a scheme serves as a promising platform for quantum back-action-evading measurements of the motion and a framework for an optomechanical force sensor.

关键词： hybrid optomechanical system coherent quantum noise cancellation force sensing