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Dysfunction of synaptic endocytic trafficking in Parkinson's disease

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2649-2660页

作者： Xin Yi Ng mian Cao Programme in Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore Department of Physiology National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

Parkinson's disease is characterized by the selective degeneration of dopamine neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway and dopamine deficiency in the *** precise reasons behind the specific degeneration of these dopamine neurons remain largely *** investigations have identified over 20 causative PARK genes and 90 genomic risk loci associated with both familial and sporadic Parkinson's ***,several of these genes are linked to the synaptic vesicle recycling process,particularly the clathrinmediated endocytosis *** suggests that impaired synaptic vesicle recycling might represent an early feature of Parkinson's disease,followed by axonal degeneration and the eventual loss of dopamine cell bodies in the midbrain via a"dying back"***,several new animal and cellular models with Parkinson's disease-linked mutations affecting the endocytic pathway have been created and extensively *** models faithfully recapitulate certain Parkinson's disease-like features at the animal,circuit,and cellular levels,and exhibit defects in synaptic membrane trafficking,further supporting the findings from human genetics and clinical *** this review,we will first summarize the cellular and molecular findings from the models of two Parkinson's disease-linked clathrin uncoating proteins:auxilin(DNAJC6/PARK19)and synaptojanin 1(sYNJ1/PARK20).The mouse models carrying these two PARK gene mutations phenocopy each other with specific dopamine terminal pathology and display a potent synergistic ***,we will delve into the involvement of several clathrin-mediated endocytosis-related proteins(GAK,endophilin A1,sAC2/INPP5 F,synaptotagmin-11),identified as Parkinson's disease risk factors through genome-wide association studies,in Parkinson's disease *** will also explore the direct or indirect roles of some common Parkinson's disease-linked proteins(alpha-synuclein(PARK1/4),Parkin(PARK2),and LRRK2(PARK

关键词： autophagy auxilin/PARK19 clathrin-mediated endocytosis dopamine neurons neurodegeneration nigrostriatal pathway Parkinson's disease synaptic vesicle recycling synaptojanin1/PARK20

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Predictive utility of the Rockall scoring system in patients suffering from acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal surgery 2024年第8期16卷 2620-2629页

作者： De-Ping Han Cai-Qian Gou Xin-mian Ren Department of Emergency Chengyang District People’s HospitalQingdao 266109Shandong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding(ANVUGIB)represents a sig-nificant clinical challenge due to its unpredictability and potentially severe *** Rockall risk score has emerged as a critical tool for prognostic asse-ssment in patients with ANVUGIB,aiding in the prediction of rebleeding and ***,its applicability and accuracy in the Chinese population remain *** To assess the prognostic value of the Rockall risk score in a Chinese cohort of patients with *** A retrospective analysis of 168 ANVUGIB patients’medical records was *** study employed statistical tests,including the t-test,χ^(2) test,spearman correlation,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis,to assess the re-lationship between the Rockall score and clinical outcomes,specifically focusing on rebleeding events within 3 months *** significant associations were found between the Rockall score and various clinical *** Rockall scores were significantly associated with rebleeding events(r=0.735,R2=0.541,Pstrongly positively correlated with adverse *** hemoglobin levels(t=2.843,P=0.005),high international normalized ratio(t=3.710,Peeding during endoscopy(χ^(2)=7.950,P=0.005),large ulcer size(t=6.348,Psfusion(χ^(2)=6.381,P=0.012)were all significantly associated with rebleeding ***,differences in treatment and management strategies were identified between patients with and without rebleeding *** analysis indicated the excellent discriminative power(sensitivity:0.914;specificity:0.816;area under the curve:0.933;Youden index:0.730)of the Rockall score in predicting rebleeding events within 3 *** This study provides valuable insights into the prognostic value of the Rockall risk score for ANVUGIB in the Chinese *** results underscore the potential of the Rockall score as an effect

关键词： Acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding Rockall risk score Clinical outcomes Risk stratification Prognosis

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Assessment of ECMWF’s Precipitation Forecasting Performance for China from 2017 to 2022

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2024年第3期30卷 257-274页

作者： PAN Liu-jie ZHANG Hong-fang LIANG mian LIU Jia-huimin DAI Chang-ming shaanxi Meteorological Observatory Xi’an 710014 China Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment and Meteorology for the Qinling Mountains and Loess Plateau Xi’an 710014 China shaanxi Meteorological service Centre Xi’an 710014 China

This study used the China Meteorological Administration(CMA)three-source fusion gridded precipitation analysis data as a reference to evaluate the precipitation forecast performance of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)model for China from 2017 to *** main conclusions are as *** precipitation forecast capability of the ECMWF model for China has gradually improved from 2017 to *** scores such as bias,equitable threat score(ETs),and Fractions skill score(Fss)showed improvements for different categories of *** bias of light rain forecasts overall adjusted towards smaller values,and the increase in forecast scores was greater in the warm season than in the cold *** ETs for torrential rain more intense categories significantly increased,although there were large fluctuations in bias across different *** model exhibited higher precipitation bias in most areas of North China,indicating overprediction,while it showed lower bias in south China,indicating *** ETss indicate that the model performed better in forecasting precipitation in the northeastern part of China without the influence of climatic background *** of the differences between the first period and the second period of the forecast shows that the precipitation amplitude in the ECMWF forecast shifted from slight underestimation to overestimation compared to that of CMPAs05,reducing the likelihood of missing extreme precipitation *** improvement in ETs is mainly due to the reduction in bias and false alarm rates and,more importantly,an increase in the hit *** 2017 to 2022,the area coverage error of model precipitation forecast relative to observations showed a decreasing trend at different scales,while the Fss showed an increasing trend,with the highest Fss observed in *** ETs followed a parabolic trend with increasing neighborhood radius,with the better ETs neighborhood radius generally

关键词： ECMWF forecasting verification neighborhood verification Fss

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Efficient utilization of ecological and cultural-tourism resources:Taking Guangzhou Cultural Park as an example

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Ecological Economy 2024年第3期20卷 278-289页

作者： XU shu-sheng sUN Qing-yang CHEN mian-run south China sea Development Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental survey Technology and Application Ministry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 510301CHINA Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration Ministry of Natural Resources/Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and RestorationXiamen 361005CHINA

Land space is precious resource and carrier of various economic *** Product Value Realization and Cultural Tourism is new economic growth point for green and low-carbon *** is necessary to study how to intensively and efficiently utilize ecological and cultural-tourism resources under"Three zones three lines for land use"(3Z3L),which is basic land space planning ***,there are few research and cases due to difficulties of interdisciplinary *** article adopts the methods of policies research,graphic analysis,and visiting,to study efficient utilization of ecological and cultural-tourism *** study found that the development of land spaces of ecology,agriculture,and urban areas is 3D trend,multi-purpose resource utilization can be achieved by improving the utilization efficiency of 3D space and differentiating spatial utilization in different *** Guangzhou Cultural Park as an example,the research object has improved the efficiency of ecological and cultural-tourism resource utilization by its managements and technology,such as“house under the tree,tree inside the house”.However,there are shortcomings just as planning and protection policies with *** proposed to optimize the spatial planning and regulations,and improve the protection of overlapping areas of 3Z3L by planning and regulations,improve the utilization efficiency of ecological and cultural-tourism space,meet the urban young people's multiple needs such as culture and ecology in 3D space,use new technologies to improve ecological services quality such as biological methods,strengthen the coordination of multiple management departments with the concept of nature based solutions,develop the“Reversed Transmission Effect”,keep the boundary of urban development strictly.

关键词： culture-tourism three zones three lines intensive utilization of resources

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数字基础设施建设能促进劳动力就业吗?——来自“宽带中国”试点政策的证据

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系统工程理论与实践 2024年第1期44卷 190-206页

作者：杨冕刘萧萧李振冉武汉大学经济与管理学院武汉430072 南京航空航天大学经济与管理学院南京211106

数字基础设施是网络强国和制造强国建设的重要基础,更是新时代中国社会经济发展的战略性公共资源.在此背景下,本文着重关注中国数字基础设施建设对城市劳动力就业的影响及其作用机制.通过将“宽带中国”试点政策视为一项准自然实验,本... 详细信息

数字基础设施是网络强国和制造强国建设的重要基础,更是新时代中国社会经济发展的战略性公共资源.在此背景下,本文着重关注中国数字基础设施建设对城市劳动力就业的影响及其作用机制.通过将“宽带中国”试点政策视为一项准自然实验,本文基于2007–2019年中国285个地级及以上城市的面板数据,使用多时点双重差分模型(DID)深入考察了数字基础设施建设影响劳动力就业的直接效应与作用机制.研究发现:使用“宽带中国”试点政策表征的数字基础设施建设能够显著提升试点城市的劳动力就业水平,这一结论在经多种稳健性检验和异质性分析之后依然成立.机制检验发现,数字基础设施建设通过产业结构优化效应、人力资本投资效应和劳动力配置扭曲缓解效应提升了劳动力就业水平.“宽带中国”试点政策对劳动力就业的促进效应在行政等级更高、地理位置更好的城市以及高技能劳动力中表现的更加明显.本文的研究结论对促进“数字中国”建设和劳动力高质量就业具有重要的政策启示.

关键词：数字基础设施建设 “宽带中国”试点政策多时点双重差分模型劳动力就业

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Early-life famine exposure,adulthood obesity patterns,and risk of low-energy fracture

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第1期18卷 192-203页

作者： Hongyan Qi Chunyan Hu Jie Zhang Lin Lin shuangyuan Wang Hong Lin Xiaojing Jia Yuanyue Zhu Yi Zhang Xueyan Wu mian Li Min Xu Yu Xu Tiange Wang Zhiyun Zhao Weiqing Wang Yufang Bi Meng Dai Yuhong Chen Jieli Lu Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaShanghai National Center for Translational MedicineRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China

Malnutrition in early life increases the risk of osteoporosis,but the association of early-life undernutrition combined with adulthood obesity patterns with low-energy fracture remains *** study included 5323 community-dwelling subjects aged⩾40 years from ***-life famine exposure was identified based on the participants’birth *** obesity was assessed using the body mass index(BMI),and abdominal obesity was evaluated with the waist-to-hip ratio(WHR).Low-energy fracture was defined as fracture occurring after the age of⩾40 typically caused by falls from standing height or *** to the nonexposed group,the group with fetal,childhood,and adolescence famine exposure was associated with an increased risk of fracture in women with odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)of 3.55(1.57–8.05),3.90(1.57–9.71),and 3.53(1.05–11.88),respectively,but not in *** interactions were observed between fetal famine exposure and general obesity with fracture among women(P for interaction=0.0008).Furthermore,compared with the groups with normal BMI and WHR,the group of women who underwent fetal famine exposure and had both general and abdominal obesity had the highest risk of fracture(OR,95%CI:3.32,1.17–9.40).These results indicate that early-life famine exposure interacts with adulthood general obesity and significantly increases the risk of low-energy fracture later in life in women.

关键词： famine obesity body mass index waist-to-hip ratio low-energy fracture

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1978年以来中国内地移民与人类全球化进程的推进

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济南大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第3期34卷 54-65,178页

作者：周棉黄嘉禾江苏师范大学留学生与近代中国研究中心江苏徐州221008 西安思源学院留学生与中国现代化研究中心陕西西安710038

1978年改革开放以来因中国移民政策、法规的支持及国外人才政策、移民法规的吸引等因素,中国内地掀起了持续不断的移民潮。目前在海外的华侨华人总数高达5000多万人,其中改革开放以来从中国内地移民出去的超过1000万。中国已成为世界第... 详细信息

1978年改革开放以来因中国移民政策、法规的支持及国外人才政策、移民法规的吸引等因素,中国内地掀起了持续不断的移民潮。目前在海外的华侨华人总数高达5000多万人,其中改革开放以来从中国内地移民出去的超过1000万。中国已成为世界第四大移民国,且主要分布在世界发达国家和地区。庞大的华人移民不仅有益于中国经济的发展和中外文化交流,而且多方面推动了人类的全球化进程。政治上,华人新移民重塑了华人国际形象,扩大了中国的影响力,有助于华人融入当地社会;经济上,华人新移民促进了移民国家、地区的经济发展,加强了华人与移居地的经济联系;文化语言方面,华人新移民融合了移民国家和地区的语言文化,促进了中华文明与其他文明的交流互鉴;人类学方面,华人新移民与所移居地人通婚,促进了不同民族与人种之间的融合。

关键词： 1978年以来中国内地留学移民华人移民全球化进程

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New-onset primary sjögren's syndrome following exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: A retrospective cohort study

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2024年第1期4卷 37-46页

作者： shu Liu Jing Zhang mian Liu Qun Chen shiying Wang Dandan Wang Lingyun sun Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalAffiliated Hospital of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalClinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina

Background:Understanding the clinical implications of autoimmune manifestations associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sARs-CoV-2) is essential to reduce its consequences. This study was aimed at determining the activities of new-onset primary sjögren syndrome (pss) since the emergence of ***:This retrospective cohort study included data from 471 participants with dry mouths and eyes who had been attending Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital since December 2019. By April 2023, patients diagnosed with pss were sequentially assigned to vaccinated group ( n = 24) or vaccinated and infected group based on exposure ( n = 20). Patients diagnosed with pss within 3 months of vaccination against sARs-CoV-2 were assigned to a vaccinated group, and those who had been vaccinated and then developed pss within 3 months of follow up after direct exposure to sARs-CoV-2 were assigned to a vaccinated and infected group. The controls comprised age- and sex-matched patients who had not been exposed to sARs-CoV-2 before December 2019 ( n = 21). We then compared data among the three groups. Results:The vaccinated and infected patients had more fever, malaise, splenomegaly, and weight loss before diagnosis and a higher European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology sjögren's syndrome disease activity index at the time of onset than the other two groups. Vaccinated patients had a higher frequency of anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) titers > 1:320 ( n = 12;50%) and anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL) ( n = 7;29%) than the controls. The frequency of anti-Ro/ssA antibodies (13, 65%), ANA titers > 1:320 ( n = 16;80%), and aPLs ( n = 7;29%) ( n = 5;25%) were all significantly higher in vaccinated patients with infection than those in the controls. Higher doses of glucocorticoids, cyclosporin A, and tacrolimus were administered to the vaccinated and infected than the vaccinated and control groups ( p sions:Patients with new-onset pss and a h

关键词： EssDAI primary sjögren's syndrome sARs-CoV-2 vaccination

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国际教育质量测评项目的数字化进展

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比较教育学报 2024年第3期 89-100页

作者：李勉葛兴蕾北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心北京100875 北京航空航天大学人文社会科学学院北京航空航天大学民族教育质量监测研究基地北京100191

借鉴国际先进经验创新测评技术方法、推进我国教育质量监测的数字化发展是当前深化教育评价改革的必然要求。通过对PIsA、NAEP、TIMss等国际教育质量测评项目分析发现,其在数字化方面呈现出如下特点:采用情境化、交互式、自适应工具设计... 详细信息

借鉴国际先进经验创新测评技术方法、推进我国教育质量监测的数字化发展是当前深化教育评价改革的必然要求。通过对PIsA、NAEP、TIMss等国际教育质量测评项目分析发现,其在数字化方面呈现出如下特点:采用情境化、交互式、自适应工具设计,提供数字工具辅助学生作答,深入测查学生的高阶认知能力;借助自动化程序和数据管理系统实施自动评分、数据清理和质量控制,提高数据管理的效率和质量;分析学生过程性数据,揭示学生认知过程中的“黑箱”;基于读者的个性需求,有针对性地呈现测评结果,提高数据结果的可视化程度。借鉴国际测评经验,建议我国教育质量监测推进人机交互式测评任务的研发,加强数字化测评的基础性研究;发挥我国特色领域的数字化测评技术优势,利用人工智能及其协同技术推动数据分析方法的更新;加强监测结果报告的顶层设计,探索自动化、可视化的监测结果呈现形式。

关键词：数字化数字化测评教育质量监测

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英格兰基础教育增值评价的发展与经验

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清华大学教育研究 2024年第4期45卷 121-130页

作者：王亚玲李勉北京外国语大学国际教育学院北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心

增值评价作为衡量学校效能更为公平合理的方法，已被多个国家用于深化基础教育改革。英格兰在基础教育增值评价上积累了二十余年的理论与实践经验，先后经历了简单增值评价、背景性增值评价、预期进步评价和进步评价四个发展阶段。英格... 详细信息

增值评价作为衡量学校效能更为公平合理的方法，已被多个国家用于深化基础教育改革。英格兰在基础教育增值评价上积累了二十余年的理论与实践经验，先后经历了简单增值评价、背景性增值评价、预期进步评价和进步评价四个发展阶段。英格兰增值评价的主要特点包括：坚持评价初衷，把握技术理性；关注核心要义，变化比较对象；取舍复杂算法，平衡社会效益；强化教育问责，督促学校改进。我国增值评价的开展可借鉴英格兰的经验，在国家层面做好增值评价实施的统筹规划，鼓励地方组织试点；基于区域教育质量监测积累增值数据，逐步建立符合中国实际的增值数据系统；确保增值评价技术方法的科学性，同时兼顾现实可操作性；强化增值评价的诊断功能，做好面向学校、教师、家长等群体的宣传普及和培训工作。

关键词：增值评价基础教育学校效能英格兰

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