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The breakfast imperative： The changing context of global food security

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第6期15卷 1179-1185页

作者： YE Li-ming Jean-Paul Malingreau tang Hua-jun Eric van Ranst Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China CAAS-UGent Joint Laboratory of Global Change and Food Security Beijing 100081P.R.China Department of Geology and Soil Science(WE13) Ghent University9000 GentBelgium Earth and Life Institute Universite Catholique de Louvain1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium

The debate on global food security has regained vigor since the food crisis of 2008, when a sudden spike in the prices of staple food commodities dramatically demonstrated that securing the supply and accessibility of food for a world of nine billion people in 2050 cannot be taken for grant- ed （Godfray etal. 2010; Swinnen and Squicciarini 2012;

关键词： The breakfast imperative The changing context of global food security

Proximate causes of dispersal for female Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys

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Zoological Research 2020年第1期41卷 78-83页

作者： Wan-Cai Xia Sheng-Nan Ji Bao-Ping Ren Xin-Ming He tai Zhong Ali Krzton Yun tang Da-Yong Li Institute of Rare Animals and Plants China West Normal UniversityNanchongSichuan 637009China School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education) China West Normal UniversityNanchongSichuan 637009China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Ecological Processes and Functions Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Baimaxueshan Natural Nature Reserve DiqingYunnan 674400China RBD Library Auburn UniversityAL 36849USA

DEAR EDITOR,Individual dispersal trends, unquestionably important for species ecology and evolution, are affected by multiple factors. Understanding the factors that influence female dispersal strategies offers important insight into primate dispersal mechanisms and female choice. To investigate the proximate causes of dispersal in female Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti), we observed and analyzed nine years of detailed dispersal and demographic data from a population of R. bieti in Xiangguqing, Baimaxueshan Nature Reserve, Yunnan Province, China. Results showed that females who lived long-term in a one-male unit (OMU), without giving birth and with few or no relatives, were more likely to leave that OMU. In addition, an OMU led by an outgroup male and containing more female relatives was significantly more likely to be chosen for immigration. Conversely, greater male age, longer male tenure, and more potentially fertile females discouraged immigration into an OMU. These results suggest that reproduction, male quality, and kin cooperation play the largest roles in female Yunnan snub-nosed monkey dispersal.

关键词： likely relatives cooperation

Effects of starvation and hormones on DNA synthesis in silk gland cells of the silkworm, Bombyx moil

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Insect Science 2016年第4期23卷 569-578页

作者： Yao-Feng Li Xiang-Yun Chen Chun-Dong Zhang Xiao-Fang tang La Wang tai-Hang Liu Min-Hui Pan Cheng Lu State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology Southwest University Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics and Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry Southwest University Chongqing Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China

Silk gland cells of silkworm larvae undergo multiple cycles of endomitosis for the synthesis of silk proteins during the spinning phase. In this paper, we analyzed the endomitotic DNA synthesis of silk gland cells during larval development, and found that it was a periodic fluctuation, increasing during the vigorous feeding phase and being gradually inhibited in the next molting phase. That means it might be activated by a self- regulating process after molting. The expression levels of cyclin E, cdtl and pcna were consistent with these developmental changes. Moreover, we further examined whether these changes in endomitotic DNA synthesis resulted from feeding or hormonal stimulation. The results showed that DNA synthesis could be inhibited by starvation and re-activated by re-feeding, and therefore appears to be dependent on nutrition. DNA synthesis was suppressed by in vivo treatment with 20-hydroxyecdysone （20E）. However, there was no effect on DNA synthesis by in vitro 20E treatment or by either in vivo or in vitro juvenile hormone treatment. The levels of Akt and 4E-BP phosphorylation in the silk glands were also reduced by starvation and in vivo treatment with 20E. These results indicate that the activation of endomitotic DNA synthesis during the intermolt stages is related to feeding and DNA synthesis is inhibited indirectly by 20E.

关键词： Bombyx mori DNA synthesis endomitosis silk gland starvation 20-hydroxyecdysone

Pillar[n]arenes-based materials for detection and separation of pesticides

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第4期34卷 6-15页

作者： Zhong-Di tang Xiao-Mei Sun Ting-Ting Huang Juan Liu Bingbing Shi Hong Yao You-Ming Zhang tai-Bao Wei Qi Lin Key Laboratory of Eco-Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education Key laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research CenterKey Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in University of Gansu ProvinceCollege of Chemical EngineeringNorthwest Minzu University(Northwest University for Nationalities)Lanzhou 730000China

The effective materials and methods for detection and separation of pesticides are urgently needed because most of pesticides show very harmful influence on life and environment. As a new kind of macrocyclic host compound, pillar[n]arenes show very good performance in the detection and separation of pesticides, especially for paraquat(PQ). For the pesticide detection and separation materials, their structures determine performance. Therefore, this review summarizes the recent progress of pillar[n]arenes-based materials for detection and separation of pesticides covering single/multi-pillar[n]arenes, pillar[n]arenes-based polymers, frameworks, composites, nanomaterials, *** structure-performance relationships of these materials have been discussed according to the cavity size, the synergistic or collaboration effect, the structure of the polymer or framework, the substrate of the composites and the size of nanomaterials and so on. Based on these, we also look forward to the future and point out the possible way for improving the pesticides detection sensitivity and separation efficiency of this kind of materials.

关键词： composites separation pesticides

高马赫数激波作用下单模界面的Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性数值模拟

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爆炸与冲击 2024年第7期44卷 36-56页

作者：高士清邹立勇唐久棚李季林健宇中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所四川绵阳621999 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所冲击波物理与爆轰物理全国重点实验室四川绵阳621999 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所四川绵阳621000

为了研究高马赫数激波冲击下的单模界面Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)不稳定性,特别是高马赫数激波带来的热化学非平衡效应的影响,采用基于有限体积方法的二维高温非平衡流动程序,利用自适应非结构网格模拟了空气中高马赫数激波冲击两侧温度不... 详细信息

为了研究高马赫数激波冲击下的单模界面Richtmyer-Meshkov(RM)不稳定性,特别是高马赫数激波带来的热化学非平衡效应的影响,采用基于有限体积方法的二维高温非平衡流动程序,利用自适应非结构网格模拟了空气中高马赫数激波冲击两侧温度不同的单模界面导致的RM不稳定现象。研究中涵盖了轻/重界面和重/轻界面2种情况,涉及的激波马赫数范围分别为6~9和8~11。对比了冻结流、热非平衡流和热化学非平衡流3种气体模式下的流场演化过程,揭示了扰动增长和增长率的变化规律。通过对比扰动增长的线性理论和非线性理论,分析了初始激波马赫数和初始扰动尺度的变化对RM不稳定性的影响,同时讨论了涡量场分布和环量的演化规律。结果表明,与冻结流相比,热化学非平衡流中透射激波、反射波及界面速度明显不同,扰动振幅增长率峰值降低,界面增长率脉动减弱,界面不稳定性增长速度变慢。通过对比多种理论模型和本文的数值模拟结果,发现Zhang-Sohn模型相对于其他模型更适用于高马赫数激波作用下的单模界面RM不稳定性问题。对涡量场的研究发现,有2个较强的涡量生成区域,一个位于界面上,另一个位于透射激波波后,这同低马赫数下涡量主要在界面上生成的结论显著不同。此外,热化学非平衡流中环量的幅值大小低于冻结流中的结果,这与热化学非平衡流中扰动的增长低于冻结流的结论对应。

关键词： Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性高马赫数激波高温非平衡效应 Zhang-Sohn模型

Synthesis　and　Amphiphilic　Characteristics　of　8－Hydroxyquinoline　with　Alkyl　Chain

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1996年第9期7卷 807-808页

作者： Jian Ming OUYANG Chao Yang JIANG Zi Hou tai Wen Xia tang(State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemisty, Nanjing University,Nanjing,210093) State Key Lab. of Coord. Chemistry Nanjing University Nanjing 210093

The amphiphilic derivatives of 8-hydroquinoline with alkyl chain have been *** derivatives can form stable monolayer on pure water and an aqueous subphase containing Metal ions.

关键词： Hydroxyquinoline Characteristics Alkyl

MITOMYCIN C “STRAIGHT SCLERAL TUNNEL INCISION”-TRABECULECTOMY WITH A RELEASABLE SUTURE

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2006年第3期21卷 157-162页

作者： Lin-nong Wang Fang Fang Yang Zhang Li-xun Chen tai-hong Zhao Lei Xiao Hong tang Ophthalmic Center Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210006

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of ＂straight scleral tunnel incision＂-trabeculectomy with a releasable suture supplemented with mitomycin C （MMC） on reducing intraocular pressure （ IOP）, complications, and corneal astigmatism in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma （PACG）. Methods Totally 217 acute or chronic PACG patients with occludable angle above 180℃ and IOP above 21 mm Hg were divided into 3 groups. Patients in group A （98 cases, 128 eyes）, B （71 cases, 95 eyes）, and C （48 cases, 60 eyes） were treated with ＂straight scleral tunnel incision＂-trabeculectomy with a releasable suture supplemented with MMC, releasable suture trabeculectomy with MMC, and trabeculectomy with MMC, respectively. IOP, complications, and sureicallv induced astigmatism （SIA） were evaluated oreooerativelv and up to 12 months oostoperatively. Results IOP of 2 weeks after treatment was significantly lower than preoperative IOP in all the 3 groups （ all P〈0.001）. Success rates （IOP≤20 mmHg） in groupA, B, and C were 87. 91% , 89.23%, and 83.72% respectively at 12 months after treatment （P = 0.256）. The incidence of shallow anterior chamber and hypotony had no significant difference between group A and B, but both of them were lower than that in group C （ P 〈 0.05 ）. There were no significant differences in preoperative corneal astigmatism among the 3 groups. The corneal astigmatism after 2 weeks in group A （1.71 ±1.47D） was higher than that before operation （ 1.28 ± 1.05D, P =0. 126）. With 12 months gone, the astigmatism almost returned to preoperative levels. The corneal astigmatisms after 2 weeks in group B and C （ 1.99 ± 1.20D and 2. 22 ± 1.39D） were significantly higher than those before operation （ 1.20 ± 0. 85D and 1.18 ±0.93D, P =0. 002, P =0. 001 ）, respectively. With 112 months gone, the mean astigmatisms in group B and C （ 1.87 ± 0. 91D and 1.90 ± 1.16D） were still significantly higher than those before operation （P = 0. 001, P = 0. 003 ）. The highest astigmatic polar

关键词： angle-closure glaucoma trabeculectomy incision postoperative complications surgically induced astigmatism

A new species of the genus Leptolalax (Anura： Megophryidae) from southern Vietnam

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Zoological Research 2018年第3期39卷 185-201页

作者： tang van Duong Dang Trong Do Chung Dac Ngo Truong Quang Nguyen Nikolay A. Poyarkov Vietnam National Museum of Nature Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam Department of Vertebrate Zoology Biological FacultyLomonosov Moscow State University Moscow 119234 Russia Faculty of Natural Sciences Phu Yen University Tuy Hoa Phu Yen Vietnam College of Education Hue University Hue Vietnam Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam Graduate University of Science and Technology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam Joint Russian- Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center Nghia Do Cau Giay Hanoi Vietnam

We describe a new species of megophryid frog from Phu Yen Province in southern Vietnam. Leptolalax macrops sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following morphological attributes：（1） body size medium （SVL 28.0-29.3 mm in three adult males, 30.3 mm in single adult female）; （2） supra-axillary glands present, creamy white; ventrolateral glands indistinct; （3） tympanum externally distinct; （4） dorsal skin roughly granular with larger tubercles, dermal ridges on dorsum absent; （5） rudimentary webbing present between fingers I-II and I1-111; rudimentary webbing between all toes; fingers and toes without dermal fringes; （6） in life ventral surface greyish-violet with white speckling; （7） supratympanic fold distinct, dark brown in life; （8） iris bicolored, typically golden in upper half, fading to golden green in lower half; （9） tibia short （TbL/SVL 0.44-0.45 in males）; and （10） eyes large and protuberant （ED/SVL 0.15-0.16 in males） From all congeners for which comparable sequences are available, the new species differs markedly in the 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene sequence （P-distance〉5.7%）. The new species is currently known only from montane evergreen tropical forests of Song Hinh District, Phu Yen Province, and M＇Drak District of Dak Lak Province at elevations of 470-630 m a.s.l.. We suggest the new species should be considered as Data Deficient following the IUCN＇s Red List categories. We also report a previously unknownLeptolalax mtDNA lineage from an evergreen tropica forest in the Hoa Thinh District of Phu Yen Province which may also represent an undescribed species.

关键词： Leptolalax macrops sp. nov. Phu YenProvince Dak Lak Province Southern coastal regionof Vietnam

A New Chromone Glycoside from Cassia siamea Lam.

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2001年第8期12卷 703-704页

作者： tai Sheng LU Yang Hua YI Shi Long MAO Da Zheng ZHOU Qiang Zhi XU Hai Feng tang Shu Yu ZHANG Center of Marine Drug Research School of PharmacySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433

2-methyl-5-propyl-7, 12-dihydroxy chromone-12-O-β-D-glucopyranoside was isolated from the stem of Cassia siamea. The structure was elucidated by chemical and spectral evidences.

关键词： Cassia siamea 2-methyl-5-propyl-7 12-dihydroxy-chromone-12-O-β-D-glucopyrano-side