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Thermodynamic evaluation of new metallurgical refining processes for SOG-silicon production

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2011年第3期21卷 685-690页

作者： Kazuki Morita takeshi yoshikawa Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo

With the aim of developing a new silicon refining process for production of solar grade silicon, a low-temperature refining technique referred to as ＂solidification refining of silicon with a Si-Al solvent at low temperature＂ was studied. The refinability of silicon by the partial solidification from a Si-Al solvent was discussed with thermodynamic evaluation for the impurity segregation between solid silicon and a Si-Al solvent. Impurity segregation ratios were measured by using temperature gradient zone melting method for phosphorus and boron and were estimated by the thermodynamic calculation for metallic impurities. The excellent refinability was clarified from the extremely small segregation ratios of impurities at lower temperature and was also confirmed by the test refining with the partial solidification under the induction heating. Furthermore, silicon crystal growth was studied by directional solidification experiments of a Si-Al alloy, and was estimated to be diffusion controlled.

关键词： silicon Si-Al solvent purification solar cells segregation thermodynamics solidification

Diagnostic and therapeutic application of noncoding RNAs for hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第1期7卷 1-6页

作者： Chikako Shibata Motoyuki Otsuka Takahiro Kishikawa Motoko Ohno takeshi yoshikawa Akemi Takata Kazuhiko Koike Department of Gastroenterology Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan Japan Science and Technology Agency PRESTOKawaguchiSaitama 332-0012Japan

Micro RNAs(mi RNAs) are small,noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally,targeting thousands of messenger RNAs. Long noncoding RNAs(lnc RNAs),another class of noncoding RNAs,have been determined to be also involved in transcription regulation and translation of target genes. Since deregulated expression levels or functions of miR NAs and lncR NAs in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) are frequently observed,clinical use of noncoding RNAs for novel diagnostic and therapeutic applications in the management of HCCs is highly and emergently e xpe c t e d. H e r e,we s ummar iz e r e c e nt f indings regarding deregulated mi RNAs and lnc RNAs for their potential clinical use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of HCC. Specifically,we emphasize the deregulated expression levels of such noncoding RNAs in patients' sera as noninvasive biomarkers,a field that requires urgent improvement in the clinical surveillance of HCC. Since nucleotide-based strategies are being applied to clinical therapeutics,we further summarize clinical and preclinical trials using oligonucleotides involving the use of miR NAs and small interfering RNAs against HCC as novel therapeutics. Finally,we discuss current open questions,which must be clarified in the near future for realistic clinical applications of these new strategies.

关键词： MicroRNA Long noncoding RNA Hepatocellularcarcinoma Clinical trials Biomarker

Novel therapeutic approaches for hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第23期21卷 7084-7088页

作者： Motoko Ohno Motoyuki Otsuka Takahiro Kishikawa takeshi yoshikawa Akemi Takata Kazuhiko Koike Department of Gastroenterology Graduate School of Medicine the University of Tokyo

Hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection is a major global health problem. Although current therapies, such as the use of nucleos(t)ide analogs, inhibit HBV replication efficiently, they do not eliminate covalently closed circular DNA(ccc DNA), which persists in hepatocyte nuclei. As HBV ccc DNA is a viral transcription template, novel therapeutic approaches to directly target HBV ccc DNA are necessary to completely eradicate persistent HBV infections. HBV ccc DNA levels in HBV-infected human liver cells are extremely low; thus, more reliable and simple measurement methods are needed to correctly monitor their levels during therapeutic treatment. Although reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction or Southern blot procedures are currently used in research studies, these methods are not completely reliable and are also time-consuming and labor-intensive. Genome editing technologies, such as zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9(CRISPR/Cas9) system, which are designed to target specific DNA sequences, represent highly promising potential therapeutic tools. In particular, the CRISPR/Cas9 system is an easily customizable sequencespecific nuclease with high flexibility and may be the most feasible approach to target HBV ccc DNA. Further research to develop easier, safer, and more effective protocols should be pursued.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Covalently closed circularHBV DNA Genome editing

Circulating RNAs as new biomarkers for detecting pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第28期21卷 8527-8540页

作者： Takahiro Kishikawa Motoyuki Otsuka Motoko Ohno takeshi yoshikawa Akemi Takata Kazuhiko Koike Department of Gastroenterology Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Japan Science and Technology Agency PRESTO

Pancreatic cancer remains difficult to treat and has a high mortality *** is difficult to diagnose early mainly due to the lack of screening imaging modalities and specific ***,it is important to develop biomarkers that enable the detection of early stage *** evidence is accumulating that tumor cells release substantial amounts of RNA into the bloodstream that strongly resist RNases in the blood and are present at sufficient levels for quantitative *** circulating RNAs are upregulated in the serum and plasma of cancer patients,including those with pancreatic cancer,compared with healthy *** majority of RNA biomarker studies have assessed circulating microRNAs(miRs),which are often *** are few reports of the tumorspecific upregulation of other types of small noncoding RNAs(ncRNAs),such as small nucleolar RNAs and Piwi-interacting *** ncRNAs(IncRNAs),such as HOTAIR and MALAT1,in the serum/plasma of pancreatic cancer patients have also been reported as diagnostic and prognostic *** tissuederived RNAs,some miRs show increased expression even in pre-cancerous tissues,and their expression profiles may allow for the discrimination between a chronic inflammatory state and ***,some miRs and IncRNAs have been reported with significant alterations in expression according to disease progression,and they may thus represent potential candidate diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers that may be used to evaluate patients once detection methods in peripheral blood are well ***,recent innovations in high-throughput sequencing techniques have enabled the discovery of unannotated tumor-associated ncRNAs and tumor-specific alternative splicing as novel and specific biomarkers of *** much work is required to clarify the release mechanism,origin of tumor-specific circulating RNAs,and selectivity of carrier complexes,and technical advances must also be

关键词： MicroRNA Non-coding RNA Pancreaticcancer Biomarkers Early detection

Computer-generated holograms for 3D display(Invited Paper)

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Chinese Optics Letters 2009年第12期7卷 1079-1082页

作者： Hiroshi yoshikawa takeshi Yamaguchi Department of Electronics and Computer Science Nihon University

We have been studying various types of computer-generated holograms for three-dimensional （3D） displays both for a real-time holographic video display and a hard copy, or a printed hologram. For the hard copy output, we have developed a direct fringe printer, which is achieved to print over 100 gigapixels computer-generated hologram with 0.44μm pitch. In this paper, we introduce our recent progresses on the rainbow hologram, the cylindrical holograms, and the disk hologram for 3D display.

关键词： Computer-generated holograms for 3D display Figure

Computer-generated image hologram

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Chinese Optics Letters 2011年第12期9卷 20-23页

作者： takeshi Yamaguchi Hiroshi yoshikawa Department of Electronics and Computer Science College of Science and Technology

We investigate the computer-generated hologram with full parallax and which can be reconstructed with white light. The object of the hologram is processed from three-dimensional computer graphics polygon data and has shaded surface for hidden surface removal. The optically reconstructed image from the printed hologram is evaluated.

关键词： Computer-generated image hologram CGH

High Yield Synthesis and Characterization of the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Crystalline ErCl_(3) Nanowires in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Templates

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Nano Research 2008年第2期1卷 152-157页

作者： Ryo Kitaura Daisuke Ogawa keita Kobayashi takeshi Saito Satoshi Ohshima Tetsuya Nakamura Hirofumi yoshikawa Kunio Awaga Hisanori Shinohara Department of Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research Graduate School of ScienceNagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8602Japan Nanotube Research Center National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukuba 305-8565Japan PRESTO JapanScience and Technology Agency4-1-8 Honcho kawaguchiSaitama 332-0012Japan Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute Hyogo 679-5198Japan

Crystalline ErCl_(3) nanowires have been fabricated in single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)with high yield(~90%),and the structural and magnetic properties of the resulting ErCl_(3) nanowires encapsulated in SWCNTs(ErCl_(3)@SWCNTs)*** under high temperature and vacuum using high quality SWCNTs results in a high fi lling-ratio of ErCl_(3) nanowires in the *** high fi lling-ratio of ErCl_(3) nanowires and the use of highly pure SWCNTs with only a small amount of residual Fe catalyst nanoparticles enabled us to observe the magnetic properties of ErCl_(3)@*** determination based on simulated annealing calculations and high-resolution transmission electron microscope(HRTEM)image simulations revealed that the structure of the ErCl_(3) nanowires is unusual with respect to the coordination environment of the Eu3+*** work opens up new possibilities to fabricate various metal complex nanowires with high yield and may also be of more general importance in understanding and exploring magnetic properties in low-dimensional magnetic systems.

关键词： Low-dimensional nanomaterials carbon nanotubes magnetic properties crystal structure transmission electron microscope

Lansoprazole ameliorates intestinal mucosal damage induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第19期10卷 2814-2817页

作者： Hiroshi Ichikawa Norimasa Yoshida Tomohisa Takagi Naoya Tomatsuri Kazuhiro Katada Yutaka Isozaki Kazuhiko Uchiyama Yuji Naito takeshi Okanoue Toshikazu yoshikawa Department of Food Sciences and Nutritional Health Faculty of Human EnvironmentKyoto Prefectural University606-8522Japan Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyoto Prefectural University of Medicine606-8522Japan Department of Inflammation and Immunology Graduate School of Medical SciencesKyoto Prefectural University of Medicine606-8522Japan

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of lansoprazoleon ischemia and reperfusion (I/R)-induced rat intestinalmucosal injury in ***: Intestinal damage was induced by clampingboth the superior mesenteric artery and the celiac trunkfor 30 rain followed by reperfusion in male Sprague-Dawleyrats. lansoprazole was given to rats intraperitoneally 1 hbefore vascular ***: Both the intraluminal hemoglobin and proteinlevels, as indices of mucosal damage, significantlyincreased in I/R-groups comparion with those of sham-operation groups. These increases in intraluminal hemoglobinand protein levels were significantly inhibited by the treatmentwith lansoprazole at a dose of 1 mg/kg. Small intestineexposed to I/R resulted in mucosal inflammation that wascharacterized by significant increases in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), tissue-associatedmyeloperoxidase activity (MPO), and mucosal content of ratcytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1).These increases in TBARS, MPO activities and CINC-1 contentin the intestinal mucosa after I/R were all inhibited bypretreatment with lansoprazole at a dose of 1 mg/***, the CINC-1 mRNA expression was increasedduring intestinal I/R, and this increase in mRNA expressionwas inhibited by treatment with ***: Lansoprazole inhibits lipid peroxidation andreduces development of intestinal mucosal inflammationinduced by I/R in rats, suggesting that lansoprazole mayhave a therapeutic potential for I/R injury.

关键词： Animals Gastrointestinal Agents Inflammation control Intestinal Mucosa Ischemia Lipid Peroxidation Male Omeprazole derivatives Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Reperfusion

Urgent endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy for acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis-induced sepsis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第16期22卷 4264-4269页

作者： Kosuke Minaga Masayuki Kitano Hajime Imai Kentaro Yamao Ken Kamata takeshi Miyata Shunsuke Omoto Kumpei Kadosaka Tomoe yoshikawa Masatoshi Kudo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kinki University Faculty of Medicine

Acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis(AOSC) due to biliary lithiasis is a life-threatening condition that requires urgent biliary decompression. Although endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) with stent placement is the current gold standard for biliary decompression, it can sometimes be difficult because of failed biliary cannulation. In this retrospective case series, we describe three cases of successful biliary drainage with recovery from septic shock after urgent endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy(EUS-CDS) was performed for AOSC due to biliary lithiasis. In all three cases, technical success in inserting the stents was achieved and the patients completely recovered from AOSC with sepsis in a few days after EUS-CDS. There were no procedure-related complications. When initial ERCP fails, EUS-CDS can be an effective life-saving endoscopic biliary decompression procedure that shortens the procedure time and prevents post-ERCP pancreatitis, particularly in patients with AOSC-induced sepsis.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage Choledochoduodenostomy Acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis Sepsis Life-saving endoscopy