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Partially hydrolyzed guar gum attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice through the gut-liver axis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第18期27卷 2160-2176页

作者： Shun Takayama Kazuhiro Katada Tomohisa Takagi Takaya Iida Tomohiro Ueda Katsura Mizushima Yasuki Higashimura Mayuko Morita Tetsuya Okayama Kazuhiro Kamada Kazuhiko Uchiyama Osamu Handa takeshi ishikawa Zenta Yasukawa Tsutomu Okubo Yoshito Itoh Yuji Naito Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyoto 602-8566Japan Department of Medical Innovation and Translational Medical Science Graduate School of Medical ScienceKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyoto 602-8566Japan Department of Food Science Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichi 921-8836Japan Department of Health Care Nutrition Showa Gakuin Junior CollegeIchikawa 272-0823Japan Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineKawasaki Medical SchoolKurashiki 701-0192Japan Department of Nutrition Taiyo Kagaku Co.LtdYokkaichi 510-0844Japan

BACKGROUND The gut-liver axis has attracted much interest in the context of chronic liver disease pathogenesis.Prebiotics such as dietary fibers were shown to attenuate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)by modulating gut microbiota.Partially hydrolyzed guar gum(PHGG),a water-soluble dietary fiber,has been reported to alleviate the symptoms of various intestinal diseases and metabolic syndromes.However,its effects on NAFLD remain to be fully elucidated.To determine whether treatment with PHGG attenuates NAFLD development in mice through the gut-liver axis.METHODS Seven-week-old male C57BL/6J mice with increased intestinal permeability were fed a control or atherogenic(Ath)diet(a mouse model of NAFLD)for 8 wk,with or without 5%PHGG.Increased intestinal permeability was induced through chronic intermittent administration of low-dose dextran sulfate sodium.Body weight,liver weight,macroscopic findings in the liver,blood biochemistry[aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT),total cholesterol,triglyceride,free fatty acids,and glucose levels],liver histology,myeloperoxidase activity in liver tissue,mRNA expression in the liver and intestine,serum endotoxin levels in the portal vein,intestinal permeability,and microbiota and short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)profiles in the cecal samples were investigated.RESULTS Mice with increased intestinal permeability subjected to the Ath diet showed significantly increased serum AST and ALT levels,liver fat accumulation,liver inflammatory(tumor necrosis factor-αand monocyte chemotactic protein-1)and fibrogenic(collagen 1a1 andαsmooth muscle actin)marker levels,and liver myeloperoxidase activity,which were significantly attenuated by PHGG treatment.Furthermore,the Ath diet combined with increased intestinal permeability resulted in elevated portal endotoxin levels and activated toll-like receptor(TLR)4 and TLR9 expression,confirming that intestinal permeability was significantly elevated,as observed by evaluating the lumen-to-blood clearance of fluorescein is

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Partially hydrolyzed guar gum Gut-liver axis Intestinal barrier integrity Microbiota Short-chain fatty acids

Tumor size discrepancy between endoscopic and pathological evaluations in colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第3期16卷 136-147页

作者： takeshi Onda Osamu Goto Toshiaki Otsuka Yoshiaki Hayasaka Shun Nakagome Tsugumi Habu Yumiko ishikawa Kumiko Kirita Eriko Koizumi Hiroto Noda Kazutoshi Higuchi Jun Omori Naohiko Akimoto Katsuhiko Iwakiri Department of Gastroenterology Nippon Medical SchoolGraduate School of MedicineBunkyo-ku 113-8603TokyoJapan Endoscopy Center Nippon Medical School HospitalBunkyo-ku 113-8603TokyoJapan Department of Hygiene and Public Health Nippon Medical SchoolBunkyoku 113-8603TokyoJapan Center for Medical Education Nippon Medical SchoolBunkyo-ku 113-8603TokyoJapan

BACKGROUND Tumor size impacts the technical difficulty and histological curability of colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD);however,the preoperative evaluation of tumor size is often different from histological assessment.Analyzing influential factors on failure to obtain an accurate tumor size evaluation could help prepare optimal conditions for safer and more reliable ESD.METHODS This was a retrospective study conducted at a single institution.A total of 377 lesions removed by colorectal ESD at our hospital between April 2018 and March 2022 were collected.We first assessed the difference in size with an absolute per-centage of the scaling discrepancy.Subsequently,we compared the clinicopatho-logical characteristics of the correct scaling group(>-33%and33%),which was further subdivided into the underscaling group(-33%or less of the discrepancy)and overscaling group(33%or more of the discrepancy),respectively.As secondary outcome measures,parameters on size estimation were compared between the underscaling and correct scaling groups,as well as between the overscaling and correct scaling groups.Finally,multivariate analysis was performed in terms of the following relevant parameters on size estimation:Pathological size,location,and possible influential factors(P<0.1)in the univariate analysis.RESULTS The mean of absolute percentage in the scaling discordance was 21%,and 91 lesions were considered to be incorrectly estimated in size.The incorrect scaling was significantly remarkable in larger lesions(40 mm vs 28 mm;P<0.001)and less experience(P<0.001),and these two factors were influential on the underscaling(75 lesions;P<0.001).Conversely,compared with the correct scaling group,16 lesions in the overscaling group were significantly small(20 mm vs 28 mm;P<0.001),and the small lesion size was influential on the overscaling(P=0.002).CONCLUSION Lesions indicated for colorectal ESD tended to be underestimated in large tumors,but overestimated in small one

关键词： Endoscopic submucosal dissection Colorectal tumor Tumor size Size estimation Size discrepancy

Diagnostic performance of endoscopic classifications for neoplastic lesions in patients with ulcerative colitis:A retrospective casecontrol study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第10期28卷 1055-1066页

作者： Yuichi Kida takeshi Yamamura Keiko Maeda Tsunaki Sawada Eri ishikawa Yasuyuki Mizutani Naomi Kakushima Kazuhiro Furukawa Takuya ishikawa Eizaburo Ohno Hiroki Kawashima Masanao Nakamura Masatoshi Ishigami Mitsuhiro Fujishiro Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya 466-8550AichiJapan Department of Endoscopy Nagoya University HospitalNagoya 466-8560AichiJapan Department of Gastroenterology Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8655Japan

BACKGROUND It is unclear whether the Japan Narrow-Band Imaging Expert Team(JNET)classification and pit pattern classification are applicable for diagnosing neoplastic lesions in patients with ulcerative colitis(UC).AIM To clarify the diagnostic performance of these classifications for neoplastic lesions in patients with UC.METHODS This study was conducted as a single-center,retrospective case-control study.Twenty-one lesions in 19 patients with UC-associated neoplasms(UCAN)and 23 lesions in 22 UC patients with sporadic neoplasms(SN),evaluated by magnifying image-enhanced endoscopy,were retrospectively and separately assessed by six endoscopists(three experts,three non-experts),using the JNET and pit pattern classifications.The results were compared with the pathological diagnoses to evaluate the diagnostic performance.Inter-and intra-observer agreements were calculated.RESULTS In this study,JNET type 2 A and pit pattern typeⅢ/Ⅳwere used as indicators of low-grade dysplasia,JNET type 2 B and pit pattern typeⅥlow irregularity were used as indicators of highgrade dysplasia to shallow submucosal invasive carcinoma,JNET type 3 and pit pattern typeⅥhigh irregularity/VN were used as indicators of deep submucosal invasive carcinoma.In the UCAN group,JNET type 2 A and pit pattern typeⅢ/Ⅳhad a low positive predictive value(PPV;50.0%and 40.0%,respectively);however,they had a high negative predictive value(NPV;94.7%and 100%,respectively).Conversely,in the SN group,JNET type 2 A and pit pattern typeⅢ/Ⅳhad a high PPV(100%for both)but a low NPV(63.6%and 77.8%,respectively).In both groups,JNET type 3 and pit pattern typeⅥ-high irregularity/VN showed high specificity.The interobserver agreement of JNET classification and pit pattern classification for UCAN among experts were 0.401 and 0.364,in the same manner for SN,0.666 and 0.597,respectively.The intra-observer agreements of JNET classification and pit pattern classification for UCAN among experts were 0.387,0.454,for SN,0.803 and 0.567,respectively.CONCLUSION The accuracy of e

关键词： Diagnostic performance Japan Narrow-Band Imaging Expert Team classification Pit pattern classification Sporadic neoplasms Ulcerative colitis Ulcerative colitis-associated neoplasms

Real-world local recurrence rate after cold polypectomy in colorectal polyps less than 10 mm using propensity score matching

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第47期27卷 8182-8193页

作者： Masashi Saito takeshi Yamamura Masanao Nakamura Keiko Maeda Tsunaki Sawada Eri ishikawa Yasuyuki Mizutani Takuya ishikawa Naomi Kakushima Kazuhiro Furukawa Eizaburo Ohno Hiroki Kawashima Masatoshi Ishigami Mitsuhiro Fujishiro Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya 4668550Japan Department of Endoscopy Nagoya University HospitalNagoya 4668550Japan

BACKGROUND Cold polypectomy(CP)is a simple and safe procedure for polyps less than 10 mm in size;however,there is concern about local recurrence following CP because of unidentified margins of excised specimens and the lack of tumor suppression effect by coagulation.Some clinical trials have evaluated local persistent recurrence;their results suggest that a higher rate of local recurrence has not been documented so far.There were few reports that observed the course over long periods of time after CP in clinical practice.AIM To evaluate the presence of local recurrence following CP and hot polypectomy(HP)using propensity score matching.METHODS We analyzed 275 patients who underwent polypectomy for non-pedunculated colorectal polyps less than 10 mm(959 Lesions)between October 2016 and 2017 and underwent follow-up endoscopy subsequently.We divided them into the CP group(706 Lesions),wherein CP was performed,and the HP group(253 Lesions),wherein HP was performed.Using propensity score matching,we extracted 215 Lesions in each group and evaluated the local recurrence and content of CP in the real clinic and adverse events using medical records.RESULTS After propensity score matching,there were no significant differences in the patients’and their endoscopic background(age,use of antithrombotics,indications,size,morphology,location of polyps,and polypectomy device)between the groups.The mean duration between colorectal polypectomy and the next follow-up colonoscopy was 17.5±7.1(range,6-39)mo in the CP group and 15.7±6.0(range,6-35)mo in the HP group,which was significantly longer in the CP group(P=0.005).The local recurrence rate was 0.93%in the CP group and 0.93%in the HP group,without a significant difference(P=0.688).Additionally,no differences were observed in the macroscopic en bloc resection rate,histopathological complete resection rate,and pathological results between the groups.Adverse events did not occur in either group.CONCLUSION Local recurrence after CP was equivalent to that following HP in clinical prac

关键词： Cold polypectomy Colorectal polyp Hot polypectomy Local recurrence Safety Propensity score matching

The isolation and identification of apolipoprotein C-I in hormone-refractory prostate cancer using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2009年第3期11卷 299-307页

作者： Kaori Yamamoto-ishikawa Hiroyoshi Suzuki Masahiko Nezu Naoto Kamiya Takashi Imamoto Akira Komiya Kazuyuki Sogawa takeshi Tomonaga Fumlo Nomur Tomohiko Ichikawa Department of Urology Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba 260-8670 Japan Department of Molecular Diagnosis Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University Chiba 260-8670 Japan

Androgens play a central role in prostate cancer pathogenesis, and hence most of the patients respond to androgen deprivation therapies. However, patients tend to relapse with aggressive prostate cancer, which has been termed as hormone refractory. To identify the proteins that mediate progression to the hormone-refractory state, we used protein-chip technology for mass profiling of patients＇ sera. This study included 16 patients with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer who were initially treated with androgen deprivation therapy. Serum samples were collected from each patient at five time points： point A, pre-treatment; point B, at the nadir of the prostate- specific antigen （PSA） level; point C, PSA failure; point D, the early hormone-refractory phase; and point E, the late hormone-refractory phase. Using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we performed protein mass profiling of the patients＇ sera and identified a 6 640-Da peak that increased with disease progression. Target proteins were partially purified, and by amino acid sequencing the peak was identified as a fragment of apolipoprotein C-I （ApoC-I）. Serum ApoC-I protein levels increased with disease progression. On immunohistochemical analysis, the ApoC-i protein was found localized to the cytoplasm of the hormone-refractory cancer cells. In this study, we showed an increase in serum ApoC-I protein levels in prostate cancer patients during their progression to the hormone-refractory state, which suggests that ApoC-I protein is related to progression of prostate cancer. However, as the exact role of ApoC-I in prostate cancer pathogenesis is unclear, further research is required.

关键词： apolipoprotein C-I hormonal therapy prognosis prostate cancer surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-offlight mass spectrometry

Accuracy of carbon dioxide insufflation for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography using double-balloon endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第42期26卷 6669-6678页

作者： Yoshiki Niwa Masanao Nakamura Hiroki Kawashima takeshi Yamamura Keiko Maeda Tsunaki Sawada Yasuyuki Mizutani Eri ishikawa Takuya ishikawa Naomi Kakushima Kazuhiro Furukawa Eizaburo Ohno Takashi Honda Masatoshi Ishigami Mitsuhiro Fujishiro Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoya 466-8560Japan Department of Endoscopy Nagoya University HospitalNagoya 466-8560Japan

BACKGROUND Retrograde cholangiopancreatography using double-balloon endoscopic retrograde cholangiography(DBERC)is a valuable technique to treat biliary stone and jejunobiliary anastomotic stenosis in patients with altered gastrointestinal anatomy.The accurate selection of the route at the anastomosis branch is one of the most important factors in reaching the target in a timely manner.AIM To determine the accuracy of carbon dioxide insufflation enterography(CDE)at the branch for selecting the correct route during DBERC.METHODS We enrolled 52 consecutive patients scheduled for DBERC at our institution from June 2015 to November 2017.Route selection via two methods(visual observation and CDE)was performed in each patient.We determined the correct rate of route selection using CDE.RESULTS Thirty-three patients had a jejunojejunal anastomosis and 19 patients had a gastrojejunal anastomosis.The therapeutic target region was reached in 50 patients.The mean procedure times from the teeth to the target(total insertion time),from the teeth to the branch,and from the branch to the target,and the mean total examination time were 15.2,5.0,8.2,and 60.3 min,respectively.The rate of correct route selection using visual observation and CDE were 36/52(69.2%)and 48/52(92.3%),respectively(P=0.002).The rate of correct route selection using CDE in patients with a jejunojejunal anastomosis was 29/33(87.8%),and the rate in patients with a gastrojejunal anastomosis was 19/19(100%).CONCLUSION CDE is helpful in selecting the route at the branch in the anastomosis for more timely access to the target in patients with altered gastrointestinal anatomy undergoing DBERC.

关键词： Retrograde cholangiopancreatography Double-balloon endoscopy Carbon dioxide insufflation Anastomosis Accuracy Prospective study

Efficacy of MK615 for the treatment of patients with liver disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第31期18卷 4118-4126页

作者： Atsushi Hokari Tomohisa ishikawa Hisao Tajiri Takahide Matsuda Osamu Ishii Nobuyuki Matsumoto Chiaki Okuse Hideaki Takahashi takeshi Kurihara Ko-ichi Kawahara Ikuro Maruyama Mikio Zeniya Department of Internal Medicine Division of General Internal MedicineSt.Marianna University School of MedicineKawasaki 2168511Japan Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologySt.Marianna University School of MedicineKawasaki 2168511Japan Keio University Graduate School of Media and GovernanceFujisawa 2520882Japan Department of Biomedical Engineering Osaka Institute of TechnologyOsaka 5358585Japan Department of Systems Biology in Thromboregulation Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesKagoshima 8908580Japan Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyo 1058471Japan

AIM:To investigate the hepatoprotective effect of MK615,a Japanese apricot extract,in an animal model,and its clinical therapeutic effect.METHODS:Wistar rats were administered physiological saline(4 mL/kg) or MK615 solution(4 mL/kg) for 7 d.On the sixth d,acute hepatic injury was induced by administering a single intraperitoneal injection(ip) of D-galactosamine hydrochloride(D-GalN)(600 mg/kg).Plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) were determined,and liver tissues were used for histopathological analysis.Fifty-eight patients with liver disorders [hepatitis C(n = 40),non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(n = 15),and autoimmune liver disease(n = 3)] were orally administered commercially available Misatol ME-containing MK615(13 g/d) daily for 12 wk.Blood and urine were sampled immediately before and 6 wk,12 wk,and 16 wk after the start of intake to measure various biochemical parameters.The percentage change in ALT and AST levels after 12 wk from the pre-intake baseline served as a primary endpoint.RESULTS:D-GalN effectively induced acute hepatic injury in the rats.At 48 h after the ip injection of D-GalN,the plasma levels of ALT(475.6 ± 191.5 IU/L vs 225.3 ± 194.2 IU/L,P < 0.05) and AST(1253.9 ± 223.4 IU/L vs 621.9 ± 478.2 IU/L,P < 0.05) in the MK615 group were significantly lower than the control group.Scattered single cell necrosis,loss of hepatocytes,and extensive inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in hepatic tissue samples collected from the control group.However,these findings were less pronounced in the group receiving MK615.At the end of the clinical study,serum ALT and AST levels were significantly decreased compared with pre-intake baseline levels from 103.5 ± 58.8 IU/L to 71.8 ± 39.3 IU/L(P < 0.05) and from 93.5 ± 55.6 IU/L to 65.5 ± 34.8 IU/L(P < 0.05),respectively.A reduction of ≥ 30% from the pre-study baseline ALT level was observed in 26(45%) of the 58 patients,while 25(43%) patients exhibited similar AST level reductions.The chronic hepatitis C grou

关键词：肝脏疾病治疗效果患者疗效观察 Wistar大鼠急性肝损伤食盐水 ALT

43 Gbit/s x 54 ch Transmission with Dense 75 GHz Channel Spacing in NRZ Modulation Scheme

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 564-565页

作者： Kentaro Nakamura Hiroki Ooi Takafumi Terahara takeshi Hoshida George ishikawa Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd. 4-1-1 Kamikodanaka Nakahara-ku Kawasaki 211-8588 JapanFujitsu Laboratories Ltd. 4-1-1 Kamikodanaka Nakahara-ku Kawasaki 211-8588 JapanFujitsu Laboratories Ltd. 4-1-1 Kamikodanaka Nakahara-ku Kawasaki 211-8588 JapanFujitsu Laboratories Ltd. 4-1-1 Kamikodanaka Nakahara-ku Kawasaki 211-8588 JapanFujitsu Laboratories Ltd. 4-1-1 Kamikodanaka Nakahara-ku Kawasaki 211-8588 Japan

We demonstrated 2.16-Tbit/s (43 Gbit/s x 54 ch) WDM transmission over 600 km of standard single-mode fiber with high spectral efficiency 0.53 bit/s/Hz using optimized optical mux/demux filters for 75-GHz channel spaci... 详细信息

关键词： NRZ with Gbit/s x 54 ch Transmission with Dense 75 GHz Channel Spacing in NRZ Modulation Scheme in GHz

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration in the differentiation of type 1 and type 2 autoimmune pancreatitis

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世界胃肠病学杂志：英文版 2012年第29期18卷 3883-3888页

作者： Takuya ishikawa Akihiro Itoh Hiroki Kawashima Eizaburo Ohno Hirosh Matsubara Yuya Itoh Yosuke Nakamura takeshi Hiramatsu Masanao Nakamura Ryoji Miyahara Naoki Ohmiya Hidemi Goto Yoshiki Hirooka Department of Gastroenterology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine65 Tsuruma-choShowa-kuNagoya 466-8550Japan Department of Endoscopy Nagoya University Hospital65 Tsuruma-choShowa-kuNagoya 466-8550Japan

AIM:To investigate the usefulness of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA) in the differentiation of autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP).METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed 47 of 56 AIP patients who underwent EUS-FNA and met the Asian diagnostic criteria.On 47 EUS-FNA specimens,we evaluated the presence of adequate material and characteristic features of lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis(LPSP) and idiopathic duct-centric pancreatitis(IDCP) mentioned in the International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria and examined if these findings make a contribution to the differential diagnosis of type 1 and type 2 AIP.A disposable 22-gauge needle was used for EUS-FNA.RESULTS:Adequate specimens including pancreatic tissue for differentiating AIP from cancer were obtained from 43 of 47 patients who underwent EUSFNA.EUS-FNA was performed from the pancreatic head in 21 cases,which is known to be technically difficult when performed by core biopsy;there was no significant difference in the results compared with pancreatic body-tail.Nine of 47 patients met level 1 findings of LPSP and 5 patients met level 2 findings of LPSP.No one met level 1 findings of IDCP,but 3 patients met level 2 findings of IDCP.Of 10 seronegative cases,2 cases were diagnosed with "definitive type 1 AIP",and 3 cases were diagnosed with "probable type 2 AIP" when considering both the level 2 histological findings and response to steroids.CONCLUSION:EUS-FNA is useful in the differentiation of type 1 and type 2 AIP,particularly in seronegative cases.

关键词：自身免疫性组织分化胰腺炎 2型穿刺引导超声内镜