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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第3期63卷 431-437页

作者： Seong Gwan Yu Na Hyun Cho Jong Hum Kim tae rin oh Woo taek Kim Department of Systems Biology and Division of Life Science Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Korea Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Korea

Drought stress has detrimental effects on *** the abscisic acid(ABA)-mediated drought response is well established,defensive mechanisms to cope with dehydration-induced proteotoxicity have been rarely ***1 was identified as an Arabidopsis drought-induced gene encoding an ER-localized rinG-type E3 Ub *** of DRR1 markedly reduced tolerance to drought and proteotoxic stress without altering ABA-mediated germination and stomatal *** dehydration-induced insoluble ubiquitinated protein accumulation was more obvious in DRR1 loss-of-function plants than in wild-type *** results suggest that DRR1 is involved in an ABA-independent drought stress response possibly through the mitigation of dehydration-induced proteotoxic stress.

关键词： Arabidopsis drought stress E3 ligase proteotoxicity ubiquitination

Delayed pseudoaneurysm formation of the carotid artery following the oral cavity injury in a child:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第16期9卷 4104-4109页

作者： Byeoung Hoon Chung Mi rin Lee Jae Do Yang Hee Chul Yu Yong tae Hong Hong Pil Hwang Byeoung Hoon Chung Mi Rin LeeJae Do YangHee Chul YuYong Tae HongHong Pil Hwang Research Institute of Clinical Medicine Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54907South Korea Biomedical Research Institute Jeonbuk University HospitalJeonju 54907South Korea Department ofOtolaryngology-Head-Neck-Surgery Jeonbuk National University HospitalJeonju 54907South Korea

BACKGROUND An impalement injury of the oral cavity is a common traumatic injury in *** most cases,it is not accompanied by sequelae,but if foreign body residues are not found due to a minor injury,they may result in inflammatory responses and delayed vascular injuries in the surrounding *** early diagnosis and appropriate initial management,residual foreign bodies can cause serious complications and even mortality in some *** SUMMARY A 9-year-old boy suffered an intra-oral injury by a wooden chopstick,and the patient was discharged from the hospital after receiving conservative treatment for the ***,the patient was readmitted to the hospital due to intraoral bleeding,and since neck hematoma and right internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm formation were detected on computed tomography,emergency surgery was performed.A remnant fragment of a wooden chopstick was found during the operation,and a delayed rupture of the internal carotid artery caused by the foreign body was also *** The failure of early detection and diagnosis of a residual foreign body may result in delayed vascular rupture.

关键词： Pseudoaneurysm Carotid artery injury Oral cavity Wooden chopsticks Case report

Immune enhancement effect of an herb complex extract through the activation of natural killer cells and the regulation of cytokine levels in a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression rat model

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第12期11卷 653-658页

作者： Sung Min Woo Woo rin Choi Dooly Jang Chun Sik Yi Hae Lim Kim Kyung Hyeon Kim Jong tae Kim Won Hee Choi Seung Hee Jang Min Jeung Kim Ji Hyang Wee Yeon Ki Kim Bao Le Interdisciplinary Program of Biomodulation Myongji UniversityYonginGyeonggi 17058Republic of Korea Center for Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical Materials Myongji UniversityYonginGyeonggi 17058Republic of Korea Teazen Co. B-606 Acrotower230 Sinim-daeroDongan-guAnyang-siGyeonggi-do 14067Republic of Korea Department of Food Science&Biotechnology Shin Ansan UniversityAnsanGyeonggi 15435Republic of Korea' Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics Myongji UniversityYonginGyeonggi 17058Republic of Korea Department of Biotechnology Chonnam National UniversityYeosuChonnam 59626Republic of Korea

Objective: To investigate the effects of a herb complex extract(HCE) prepared from Cornus officinalis Sieb. Et Zucc., Eriobotrya japonica Lindley, and olive leaves on immune response of mouse spleen NK cells in vitro and in vivo analysis. Methods: The activity of natural killer(NK) cells was measured in splenocytes and YAC-1 cells. Mice were immunosuppressed using cyclophosphamide(5 mg/kg body weight). Three different doses of HCE(200, 400, and 800 mg/kg body weight) and red ginseng extract(800 mg/kg body weight) which was used as standard immunomodulatory herb were administered orally for 4 weeks. The body weight, dietary, water intake, organs(liver, thymus, and spleen) weight, completed blood count, and cytokines(tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma, and interleukin-2) production was measured. Results: At the maximum concentration of HCE, the activity of NK cells was increased by 48.5%. HCE increased liver, spleen, and thymus weights without altering numbers of white blood cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophils in a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression rat model. However, HCE recovered the inhibited cytokine expression; HCE(800 mg/kg) increased cytokines levels. The results indicate the immune enhancement potential of this HCE. Conclusion: The HCE enhances immunity by increasing NK cell activity, regulating cytokine levels, and maintaining spleen weight. Therefore, it may be used as a potential immunity enhancer.

关键词： Immune system enhancement Cyclophosphamide Cornus officinalis Sieb Et Zucc Eriobotrya japonica Lindley Olive leaves

Direct acetylation of a conserved threonine of rin4 by the bacterial effector HopZ5 or AvrBsT activates RPM1-dependent immunity in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2021年第11期14卷 1951-1960页

作者： Arabidopsis Sera Choi Maxim Prokchorchik Hyeonjung Lee Ravi Gupta Yoonyoung Lee Eui-Hwan Chung Buhyeon Cho Min-Sung Kim Sun tae Kim Kee Hoon Sohn Department of Life Sciences Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673Republic of Korea School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Plant Bioscience Life and Industry Convergence Research InstitutePusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea Department of Botany School of Chemical and Life SciencesJamia HamdardHamdard NagarNew Delhi 110062India Division of Biotechnology Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea The Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation(INRES) University of BonnNussallee 953115 BonnGermany

Plant pathogenic bacteria deliver effectors into plant cells to suppress immunity and promote pathogen survival;however, these effectors can be recognised by plant disease resistance (R) proteins to activate innate immunity. The bacterial acetyltransferase effectors HopZ5 and AvrBsT trigger immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana genotypes lacking SUPPRESSOR OF AVRBST-ELICITED RESISTANCE 1 (SOBER1). Using an Arabidopsis accession, Tscha-1, that naturally lacks functional SOBER1 but is unable to recognise HopZ5, we demonstrate that RESISTANCE TO P. SYrinGAE PV MACULICOLA 1 (RPM1) and RPM1-INTERACTING PROTEIN 4 (rin4) are indispensable for HopZ5- or AvrBsT-triggered immunity. Remarkably, T166 of rin4, the phosphorylation of which is induced by AvrB and AvrRpm1, was directly acetylated by HopZ5 and AvrBsT. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the acetylation of rin4 T166 is required and sufficient for HopZ5- or AvrBsT-triggered RPM1-dependent defence activation. Finally, we show that SOBER1 interferes with HopZ5- or AvrBsT-triggered immunity by deacetylating rin4 T166. We have thus elucidated detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the activation and suppression of plant innate immunity triggered by two bacterial acetyltransferases, HopZ5 and AvrBsT from different bacterial pathogens.

关键词： Acetyltransferase effectors Effector-triggered immunity Immunity suppressors NLR Plant deacetylase Plant immunity

Human Rights and Social Stigma Review for Leprosy Patients in Korea

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2021年第1期11卷 73-83页

作者： Seungshin Lee David Ahn Justin Kim Cathy Park Kunmin Kim Alice Kim Chae Eun Kim Jisu Shin Timothy Cho Jonathan Jo David Park tae Youn Kim Paul S. Chung School of Medicine University of California Irvine CA USA Youth with Talents Fairfax VA USA Fuzbien Technology Institute Rockville MD USA

Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by a low multiplying bacillus, Mycobacterium leprae, which primarily affects the skin and the extremities. Multidrug therapy (MDT) and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccinations are effective at treatment of the disease, but social misconceptions about the disease inhibit efficient health care for affected individuals. In South Korea, leprosy patients face social, economic, and political discrimination. Korean leprosy patients are isolated into Sorokdo island and face challenges such as difficulty receiving education and limited job opportunities. Leprosy cognitively, emotionally, and socially impacts patients’ lives, and represents a serious social inequality issue. To raise awareness, dispel myths about the disease, and to end patient discrimination that destroys families, we conducted case studies based on scientific journals. The paper specifically focuses on difficulties faced by Korean leprosy patients, and subsequent initiatives by the government to aid patients. To reach the WHO’s target of health and wellbeing for all by 2030, we need to educate the masses about leprosy and address relevant social inequality issues.

关键词： Leprosy Sorokdo