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Comprehensive molecular characterization to predict immunotherapy response in advanced biliary tract cancer:a phase II trial of pembrolizumab

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Oncology Research 2025年第1期33卷 57-65页

作者： RYUL KIM JOO kyung PARK MINSUK KWON MINAE AN JUNG YONG HONG JOON OH PARK SUNG HEE LIM SEUNG tae KIM Division of Hematology-Oncology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea Department of Hematology-Oncology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwon-siGyeonggi-doKorea Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Science and Technology Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulKorea

Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are effective in a subset of patients with metastatic solid ***,the patients who would benefit most from ICIs in biliary tract cancer(BTC)are still *** and methods:We molecularly characterized tissues and blood from 32 patients with metastatic BTC treated with the ICI pembrolizumab as second-line ***:All patients had microsatellite stable(MSS)type *** of the 32 patients achieved partial response(PR),with an objective response rate(ORR)of 9.4%(95%confidence interval[CI],2.0–25.2)and nine showed stable disease(SD),exhibiting a disease control rate(DCR)of 37.5%(95%CI,21.1–56.3).For the 31 patients who had access to PD-1 ligand 1(PD-L1)combined positive score(CPS)testing(cut-off value≥1%),the ORR was not different between those who had PD-L1-positive(PD-L1+;1/11,9.1%)and PDL1-(2/20,10.0%)tumors(p=1.000).The tumor mutational burden(TMB)of PD-L1+BTC was comparable to that of PD-L1-BTC(p=0.630).TMB and any exonic somatic mutations were also not predictive of pembrolizumab *** analysis of blood and tumor samples demonstrated a relatively high natural killer(NK)cell proportion in the peripheral blood before pembrolizumab treatment in patients who achieved tumor ***,the tumors of these patients presented high enrichment scores for NK cells,antitumor cytokines,and Th1 signatures,and a low enrichment score for cancer-associated ***:This study shows the molecular characteristics associated with the efficacy of pembrolizumab in BTC of the MSS type.

关键词： Pembrolizumab Whole-exome sequencing Whole-transcriptome sequencing Biliary tract cancer

Effect of Fe_2P in LiFePO_4/Fe_2P composite on electrochemical properties synthesized by MA and control of heat condition

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Rare Metals 2006年第Z2期25卷 179-183页

作者： PARK Jong Suk LEE kyung tae LEE kyung Sub Department of Material Science and Engineering Hanyang University Seoul 133-731 Korea

In order to control the size and distribution of the high conductive Fe2P in LiFePO4/Fe2P composite, two different cooling rates (Fast: 15 ℃·min-1, Slow: 2 ℃·min-1) were employed after mechanical alloying. The discharge capacity of the fast cooled was 83 mAh·g-1 and the slow cooled 121 mAh·g-1. The particle size of the synthesized powder was examined by transmission electron microscopy and distribution of Fe2P was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, two-step heat treatment was carried out for better distribution of Fe2P. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinement reveal that LiFePO4/Fe2P composite consists of 95.77% LiFePO4 and 4.33% of Fe2P.

关键词： LiFePO4/Fe2P composite mechanical alloying heat treatment discharge capacity

PopFlow:a novel flow management scheme for SDN switch of multiple flow tables based on flow popularity

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2020年第6期14卷 111-122页

作者： Cheng WANG kyung tae KIM Hee Yong YOUN College of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Korea College of Software Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Korea

Pipeline processing is applied to mutiple flow tables(MFT)in the switch of software-defined network(SDN)to increase the throughput of the ***,the processing time of each flow increases as the size or number of flow tables gets *** this paper we propose a novel approach called PopFlow where a table keeping popular flow entries is located up front in the pipeline,and an express path is provided for the flow matching the table.A Markov model is employed for the selection of popular entries considering the match latency and match frequency,and Queuing theory is used to model the flow processing time of the existing MFT-based schemes and the proposed *** simulation reveals that the proposed scheme substantially reduces the flow processing time compared to the existing schemes,and the diference gets more significant as the flow arrival rate increases.

关键词： edge computing SDN pipeline processing PopFlow match frequency and latency markov model-based prediction

Snowstorm over the Southwestern Coast of the Korean Peninsula Associated with the Development of Mesocyclone over the Yellow Sea

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第5期25卷 765-777页

作者： Ki-Young HEO kyung-Ja ha Division of Earth Environmental System College of Natural Sciences Pusan National University Korea

This study investigates the characteristics of a heavy snowfall event over the southwestern part of the Korean Peninsula on 4 December 2005. The snowstorm was a type of mesoscale maritime cyclone which resulted from barotropic instability, and diabatic heating from the warm ocean in continental polar air masses. Based on surface observations, radiosonde soundings, MTSAT-1R satellite data and the 10-km grid RDAPS （Regional Assimilation and Prediction System based on the PSU/NCAR MM5） data, the evolution of the mesocyclone is explained by the following dynamics; （1） In the initial stage, the primary role in the cyclogenesis process of the mesocyclone is a barotropic instability in the horizontal shear zone. （2） In the developing stage, the mesocyclone moves and deepens into a baroclinic zone corresponding to the surface heating and moistening. （3） In the mature stage, it is found that the mesocyclone is intensified by the destabilization caused by enhanced low-level heating and condensation, the moisture flux convergence, and the interaction between upper and lower-level potential vorticity anomalies. We suggest that a checklist with stepwise indicators responsible for development be prepared for the forecasting of heavy snowfall over the southwestern part of the Korean Peninsula.

关键词： heavy snowfall mesocyclone baroclinic instability barotropic instability stepwise roles potential vorticity anomalies

Implementation of Turbulent Mixing over a Stratocumulus-Topped Boundary Layer and Its Impact in a GCM

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第5期26卷 995-1004页

作者： Sun-Hee SHIN kyung-Ja ha Division of Earth Environmental System Pusan National University

The effect of a vertical diffusion scheme over a stratocumulus topped boundary layer （STBL） was investigated using the YONU AGCM （Yonsei University Atmospheric General Circulation Model）. To consider the impact of clouds on the turbulence production, the turbulence mixing term, driven by radiative cooling at the cloud top, is implemented as an extended non-local diffusion scheme. In the model with this new scheme, the STBL parameterization significantly influences the lower atmosphere over the tropical and subtropical regions. Consideration of the turbulent mixing within the cloud layer leads to continuous stratocumulus formation. The cloud-top radiative cooling tends to favor more rapid entrainment and produces top-down turbulent mixing. This cooling develops a mixed layer without initiation of deep convection by surface fluxes. Variations in thermodynamical and dynamical features are produced by planetary boundary layer （PBL） cloud development. The simulated stratocumulus induces more mixing of heat and moisture due to the cloud forcing. Over STBL regions, the lower boundary layer becomes warmer and drier. It also weakens vertical motion and zonal trade winds in the eastern Pacific, which indicates that stratocumulus cloud cover plays a role in weakening the Walker circulation; that is, cloud cover damps the tropical circulation.

关键词： stratocumulus topped boundary layer non-local diffusion scheme tropical circulation general circulation model

Association between Tropical Convection and Boreal Wintertime Extratropical Circulation in 1982/83 and 1988/89

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2003年第4期20卷 593-603页

作者： Ja-Yeon MOON kyung-Ja ha Climate Research Laboratory Meteorological Research InstituteSeoul156-720KoreaDepartment of Atmospheric SciencesPusan National UniversityPusan609-735Korea

Boreal wintertime extratropical circulation is studied in relation to the tropical convection during the 1982/83 El Niño and 1988/89 La Niña. The anomaly structure of 1982/83 and 1988/89 over the extratropics reveals remarkably different features as the longitudinal tropical forcing region changes. The Rossby wave source (Positive) shows the largest maximum over East Asia in both years due to the persistent heating from the western Pacific warm pool area. However, the sink term shows contrasting features over the subtropics and extratropics between the two years. In the El Niño year, enhanced tropical convection over the eastern Pacific produces the Rossby wave sink at 10°N and shifted eastward over the North Pacific, while in the La Niña year, the sink area is shifted westward over the North Pacific. The contrasting features between the two events in mean-eddy interaction appears especially over the downstream area of the East Asian Jet. The extension (retraction) of the meanflow eastward (westward) to the east (west) of the dateline is related with the effect of the westward (eastward) E-vector and the strengthening (weakening) of the negative anomalies of the barotropic growth of kinetic energy. Hence, almost opposite characteristics between the two events can explain the close relationship of tropical convection and the extratropical internal variability.

关键词： tropical convection extratropical circulation rossby wave source mean-eddy interaction

Canonical Foliations of Certain Classes of Almost Contact Metric Structures

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2005年第4期21卷 841-846页

作者： tae Wan KIM Hong kyung PAK Department of Mathematics Education Silla UniversityPusan617-736.Korea Department of Computer and Information Security Daegu Haany University

The purpose of this paper is to study the canonical foliations of an almost cosymplectic or almost Kenmotsu manifold M in a unified way. We prove that the canonical foliation F defined by the contact distribution is Riemannian and tangentially almost Kahler of codimension 1 and that F is tangentially Kahler if the manifold M is normal. Furthermore, we show that a semi-invariant submanifold N of such a manifold M admits a canonical foliation FN which is defined by the antiinvariant distribution and a canonical cohomology class c（N） generated by a transversal volume form for FN. In addition, we investigate the conditions when the even-dimensional cohomology classes of N are non-trivial. Finally, we compute the Godbillon Vey class for FN.

关键词： Almost α-cosymplectic manifold Almost cosymplectic manifold Almost Kenmotsu manifold Semi-invariant submanifold

A Remark on Strong Law of Large Numbers for Weighted U-Statistics

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2014年第9期30卷 1595-1605页

作者： Hyung-tae ha Mei Ling HUANG Department of Applied Statistics Gachon University Department of Mathematics and Statistics Brock University

Let （X, Xn; n≥ 1} be a sequence of i.i.d, random variables with values in a measurable space （S,8） such that E｜h（X1, X2,..., Xm）｜〈 ∞, where h is a measurable symmetric function from Sm into R = （-∞, ∞）. Let {wn,i1,i2 im ; 1 ≤ i1 〈 i2 〈 …… 〈im 〈 n, n ≥ m} be a matrix array of real numbers. Motivated by a result of Choi and Sung （1987）, in this note we are concerned with establishing a strong law of large numbers for weighted U-statistics with kernel h of degree m. We show that whenever SUP n≥m max1〈i1〈i2〈…〈im≤｜wn i1,i2 i,im｜〈∞, where 0 = Eh（X1, X2,..., Xm）. The proof of this result is based on a new general result on complete convergence, which is a fundamental tool, for array of real-valued random variables under some mild conditions.

关键词： Strong law of large numbers weighted U-statistics complete convergence

Determining node duty cycle using Q-learning and linear regression for WSN

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2021年第1期15卷 17-23页

作者： han Yao HUANG kyung tae KIM Hee Yong YOUN College of Software Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 440-746Korea

Wireless sensor network(WSN)is effective for monitoring the target environment,which consists of a large number of sensor nodes of limited *** efficient medium access control(MAC)protocol is thus imperative to maximize the energy efficiency and performance of *** most existing MAC protocols are based on the scheduling of sleep and active period of the nodes,and do not consider the relationship between the load condition and *** this paper a novel scheme is proposed to properly determine the duty cycle of the WSN nodes according to the load,which employs the Q-leaming technique and function approximation with linear *** allows low-latency energy-efficient scheduling for a wide range of traffic conditions,and effectively overcomes the limitation of Q-learning with the problem of continuous state-action ***3 simulation reveals that the proposed scheme significantly improves the throughput,latency,and energy efficiency compared to the existing fully active scheme and S-MAC.

关键词： wireless sensor network media access control duty-cycle scheduling Q-leaming linear regression