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Multi-Matching Nested Languages

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2022年第1期31卷 137-145页

作者： LIU Jin DUAN Zhenhua tian cong ICTT and ISN Laboratory Xidian University

The data with both a linear ordering and a hierarchically nested one-to-one matching of items is ubiquitous, including parenthesis matching languages and hypertext markup language/extensive markup language(HTML/XML) documents. There exist some real-world problems which are beyond one-to-one matching. They have a multi-matching structure including one-to-n or nto-one matching relation. Multiple threads can simultaneously read the same file, one block of memory can be referenced by multiple pointers in programs. We propose a new model of multi-matching nested relations consisting of a sequence of linearly ordered call, return and internal positions and augmented with one-to-one, one-to-n or nto-one matching nested edges from calls to returns. Via linear encoding by introducing tagged letters, multimatching nested words are obtained over a tagged alphabet. We put forward multi-matching nested traceable automata and the accepted languages are called multimatching nested languages. Multi-matching nested grammars are presented which have the same expressive power as the proposed automata. An application is displayed to illustrate how the automata work.

关键词： multimatching nested traceable automata hypermedia markup languages multimatching nested relations multimatching nested languages multimatching structure computational complexity multimatching nested words grammars linear ordering parenthesis matching languages multiple pointers matching nested edges internal positions accepted languages multiple threads multimatching nested grammars XML matching relation via linear encoding

Extension of π-Calculus with Interval Action Prefixes

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2016年第5期25卷 848-857页

作者： LUO Ling DUAN Zhenhua tian cong Institute of Computing Theory and Technology Xidian University

This paper presents an extension of π-calculus, named p-π, with interval action prefixes. The syntax and operational semantics of p-π are formalized, and the algebraic and time-dependent properties are *** on them, how time-dependent behaviors of systems can be modeled with p-π is demonstrated. Finally, a case study is given to illustrate how p-π is used in practise.

关键词： π-Calculus Process algebra Interval action prefixes Specification Verification

Model checking concurrent systems with MSVL

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2016年第11期59卷 224-226页

作者： Nan ZHANG Zhenhua DUAN cong tian Institute of Computing Theory and Technology Xidian University

Model checking,proposed by Clarke and Emerson[1]as well as Queille and Sifakis[2],is an automatic verification approach for hardware and software ***,as Clarke pointed out[3],model checking suffers from(1)the state explosion problem,which is typically caused by models growing exponentially in the number of parallel components or data elements of an argument system;(2)different notations used to model a system and required properties;(3)the expressive

关键词： Model checking concurrent systems with MSVL VHDL Figure MSV

Performance evaluation for multi-target tracking with temporal dimension specifics

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 446-458页

作者： Zhenzhen SU Hongbing JI cong tian Yongquan ZHANG School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China School of Electronic Engineering Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China

With the great development of Multi-Target Tracking(MTT)technologies,many MTT algorithms have been proposed with their own advantages and *** to the fact that requirements to MTT algorithms vary from the application scenarios,performance evaluation is significant to select an appropriate MTT algorithm for the specific application *** this paper,we propose a performance evaluation method on the sets of trajectories with temporal dimension specifics to compare the estimated trajectories with the true *** proposed method evaluates the estimate results of an MTT algorithm in terms of tracking accuracy,continuity and ***,its computation is based on a multi-dimensional assignment problem,which is formulated as a computable form using linear *** enhance the influence of recent estimated states of the trajectories in the evaluation,an attention function is used to reweight the trajectory errors at different time ***,simulation results show that the proposed performance evaluation method is able to evaluate many aspects of the MTT *** evaluations are worthy for selecting suitable MTT algorithms in different application scenarios.

关键词： Multi-target tracking Temporal dimension specifics Performance evaluation Random finite sets Linear programming

A robust Poisson multi-Bernoulli filter for multi-target tracking based on arithmetic average fusion

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第2期36卷 179-190页

作者： Zhenzhen SU Hongbing JI cong tian Yongquan ZHANG School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi'an 710071China School of Electronic Engineering Xidian UniversityXi'an 710071China

The coalescence and missed detection are two key challenges in Multi-Target Tracking(MTT).To balance the tracking accuracy and real-time performance,the existing Random Finite Set(RFS)based filters are generally difficult to handle the above problems simultaneously,such as the Track-Oriented marginal Multi-Bernoulli/Poisson(TOMB/P)and Measurement-Oriented marginal Multi-Bernoulli/Poisson(MOMB/P)*** on the Arithmetic Average(AA)fusion rule,this paper proposes a novel fusion framework for the Poisson Multi-Bernoulli(PMB)filter,which integrates both the advantages of the TOMB/P filter in dealing with missed detection and the advantages of the MOMB/P filter in dealing with *** order to fuse the different PMB distributions,the Bernoulli components in different Multi-Bernoulli(MB)distributions are associated with each other by Kullback-Leibler Divergence(KLD)***,an adaptive AA fusion rule is designed on the basis of the exponential fusion weights,which utilizes the TOMB/P and MOMB/P updates to solve these difficulties in ***,by comparing with the TOMB/P and MOMB/P filters,the performance of the proposed filter in terms of accuracy and efficiency is demonstrated in three challenging scenarios.

关键词： Arithmetic average fusion Kullback-Leibler divergence Poisson multi-Bernoulli filter Random finite set Target tracking

Test Case Generation from Conjunctions of Predicates with Model Checking

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2014年第2期23卷 271-277页

作者： tian cong LIU Shaoying DUAN Zhenhua ICTT and ISN Lab Xidian University Department of Computer Science Hosei University

Automatic test case generation from a prepost style formal specification must deal with the issue of how to generate test cases from a conjunction of atomic predicate expressions, but unfortunately this problem has not been effectively solved due to its intrinsic difficulty. We describe a practical approach to tackling this problem by utilizing the model checking technique. An algorithm that converts test case generation from a conjunction of atomic predicate expressions into model checking is proposed. We discuss how the algorithm deals with atomic predicate expressions involving only variables of numeric types, and extend the discussion to variables of compound types such as set, sequence, and composite types. Case studies are presented to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of our approach.

关键词： Model checking Testing Testing cases

MSVL： a typed language for temporal logic programming

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2017年第5期11卷 762-785页

作者： Xiaobing WANG cong tian Zhenhua DUAN Liang ZHAO ICTT and ISN Lab Xidian University Xi'an 710071 China

The development of types is an important but challenging issue in temporal logic programming. In this paper, we investigate how to formalize and implement types in the temporal logic programming language MSVL, which is an executable subset of projection temporal logic （PTL）. Specifically, we extend MSVL with a few groups of types including basic data types, pointer types and struct types. On each type, we specify the domain of values and define some standard operations in terms of logic functions and predicates. Then, it is feasible to formalize statements of type declaration of program variables and statements of struct definitions as logic formulas. As the implementation of the theory, we extend the MSV toolkit with the support of modeling, simulation and verification of typed MSVL programs. Applications to the construction of AVL tree and ordered list show the practicality of the language.

关键词： type temporal logic programming MSVL type declaration struct definition

A Test Case Generation Approach Based on Sequence Diagram and Automata Models

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2016年第2期25卷 234-240页

作者： ZHANG Chen DUAN Zhenhua YU Bin tian cong DING Ming Institute of Computing Theory and Technology Xidian University School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian University School of Information and Technology Northwest University Xi’an Aeronautics Computing Technique Research Institute AVIC

To improve the test automation in software development process, following the researches on test cases generation technology from models, an incremental test case generation approach is proposed based on finite automata, and Event deterministic finite automata(ETDFA)are employed to describe the sequence diagram models of system interaction. By model checked with Propositional pro jection temporal logic(PPTL), the correctness of ETDFA is verified. Then we can get the composed automata by synthesis rules, and generate the test cases incrementally by test cases generation algorithm. Case studies are presented to show that this approach enables to improve test cases correctness, and reduce the complexity of test cases generation process.

关键词： Test model Model based testing Test scenario Test cases

The Dry Cracking of Cementitious Materials in the Eccentric Ring Test and the Concentric Ring Test

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2022年第2期37卷 212-221页

作者： tian cong ZHENG Zhishan WEI Xiaosheng School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430072China

In order to reduce the randomness of the occurrence of cracks and shorten the long cracking time in the traditional concentric ring tests,the elliptical ring test,the square-eccentric ring test,and the eccentric ring test have been gradually *** this paper,we reported experiments on the eccentric ring test and concentric ring test that were carried out to compare the differences between the two *** is found that an increase in the water-cement ratio and the amount of aggregate will increase the cracking ***,a more obvious cracking tendency of cement-based materials can be seen in the eccentric ring *** correlation between humidity and strain was established by the use of the Kelvin equation and the Laplace equation so that the coupling analysis of humidity and strain during the drying process of cement-based materials could be *** experimental results show that the external surface humidity will decrease rapidly in the early stage of drying,while the interior areas of the cement-based materials decrease more *** closer to the inner circle will decrease the humidity slowly.

关键词： the eccentric ring test the concentric ring test crack humidity strain