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Current understanding of the impact of COVID-19 on gastrointestinal disease:Challenges and openings

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第6期27卷 449-469页

作者： tarun Sahu Arundhati Mehta Yashwant kumar Ratre Akriti Jaiswal Naveen kumar Vishvakarma Lakkakula Venkata Kameswara Subrahmanya Bhaskar Henu kumar Verma Department of Physiology All India Institute of Medical ScienceRaipur 492001ChhattisgarhIndia Department of Biotechnology Guru Ghasidas VishwavidyalayaBilaspur 495001ChhattisgarhIndia Department of Zoology Guru Ghasidas VishwavidyalayaBilaspur 495001ChhattisgarhIndia Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Lab Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology CNRNaplesCampania 80131Italy

The novel coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19)is caused by a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus which belongs to the Coronaviridae *** March 2019 the World Health Organization declared that COVID-19 was a ***-19 patients typically have a fever,dry cough,dyspnea,fatigue,and *** patients also report gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms,including diarrhea,nausea,vomiting,and abdominal pain,as well as liver enzyme ***,many studies have found severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)viral RNA in rectal swabs and stool specimens of asymptomatic COVID-19 *** addition,viral receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and transmembrane protease serine-type 2,were also found to be highly expressed in gastrointestinal epithelial cells of the intestinal ***,SARS-CoV-2 can dynamically infect and replicate in both GI and liver *** together these results indicate that the GI tract is a potential target of ***,the present review summarizes the vital information available to date on COVID-19 and its impact on GI aspects.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Gastrointestinal symptoms Recommendation Diagnosis Therapeutics

Pharmacognostic evaluation of Cayratia trifolia (Linn.)leaf

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第1期2卷 6-10页

作者： Dinesh kumar Jyoti Gupta Sunil kumar Renu Arya tarun kumar Ankit Gupta Division of Pharmacognsoy&Phytochemistry Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesKurukshetra University Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy Yamunanagar

Objective:To present a detailed pharmacognostic study of the leaf of Cayratia trifolia(***)Linn.(Vitaceae),an important plant in the Indian system of ***:The macroscopy,microscopy,physiochemical analysis,preliminary testing,fluorescence analysis of powder of the plant and other WHO recommended methods for standardization were ***:Leaves are trifoliolated with petioles(2-3 cm)*** are ovate to oblong-ovate,(2-8 cm)long,(1.5-5 cm)wide,pointed at the *** leaf surface shows the anisocytic type stomata covered with guard cells followed by epidermis *** surface contents including *** islet and vein termination were also *** section of leaf shows the epidermis layer followed by cuticle layer and vascular bandies(xylem and phloem).The mesophyll is differentiated into palisade and spongy *** covering trichomes emerge from the upper *** are uniseriate and *** of collenchyma are present below and upper layer of ***:It can be concluded that the pharmacognostic profile of the *** is helpful in developing standards for quality,purity and sample identification.

关键词： Cayratia trifolia Leaf Microscopic Pharmacognostic Vitaceae Physiochemical analysis Preliminary testing

A phase Ⅱ study of gemcitabine and carboplatin combination chemotherapy in gallbladder carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2006年第1期5卷 110-114页

作者： Pramod kumar Julka tarun Puri Goura Kishore Rath Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology

BACKGROUND: Patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder have advanced, unresectable tumor at the time of presentation and face a dismal prognosis in the absence of a standard palliative chemotherapy regimen. This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined chemotherapy of gemcitabine and carboplatin in 20 patients with advanced gallbladder carcinoma. METHODS: The criteria of eligibility included chemonaive patients with unresectable gallbladder cancer, bidimensionaIly measurable disease, Zubrod's performance status≤2, and adequate major organ function. The patients received gemcitabine (1000 mg/m^2) on days 1 and 8, and carboplatin (target AUC of 5.0 mg/ml) on day 1, in a 21-day cycle. CT was used for response assessment. RESULTS: In this group of 20 patients with advanced gallbladder carcinoma 6 were men and 14 women, with a median age of 55 years. The stage of the tumor at presentation was IVB in 14 patients (70%), IVA in 3 (15%) and Ⅲ in 3 (15%). Four patients (21%) achieved a complete response, and 3 (15.7%), a partial response; an overall response rate was 36.7%. The median time to progression of the tumor was 33.8 weeks, and 1-year survival rate of the patients was 43.3%. Anemia of WHO grade Ⅲ or Ⅳ was seen in 2 patients (10%) and 1 patient (5%), respectively. Grade Ⅲ neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were observed in 2 patients (10%) and 1 patient (5%), respectively. CONCLUSION: With mild toxicity, combined chemotherapy of gemcitabine and carhoplatin is effective in the treatment of advanced gallbladder carcinoma.

关键词： gallbladder cancer gemcitabine carboplatin

Holistic approach of GIS based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis(MCDA) and WetSpass models to evaluate groundwater potential in Gelana watershed of Ethiopia

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2022年第2期10卷 138-152页

作者： Wondesen Fikade Niway Dagnachew Daniel Molla tarun kumar Lohani Faculty of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering Arba Minch Water Technology InstituteArba Minch UniversityEthiopia Faculty of Meteorology and Hydrology Arba Minch Water Technology InstituteArba Minch UniversityEthiopia

Appropriate quantification and identification of the groundwater distribution in a hydrological basin may provide necessary information for effective management,planning and development of groundwater *** potential assessment and delineation in a highly heterogeneous environment with limited Spatiotemporal data derived from Gelana watershed of Abaya Chamo lake basin is performed,using integrated multi-criteria decision analysis(MCDA),water and energy transfer between soil and plant and atmosphere under quasi-steady state(WetSpass)*** outputs of the WetSpass model reveal a favorable structure of water balance in the basin studied,mainly using surface *** simulated total flow and groundwater recharge are validated using river measurements and estimated baseflow at two gauging stations located in the study area,which yields a good *** WetSpass model effectively integrates a water balance assessment in a geographical information system(GIS)*** WetSpass model is shown to be computationally reputable for such a remote complex setting as the African rift,with a correlation coefficient of 0.99 and 0.99 for total flow and baseflow at a significant level of p-value<0.05,*** simulated annual water budget reveals that 77.22%of annual precipitation loses through evapotranspiration,of which 16.54%is lost via surface runoff while 6.24%is recharged to the *** calibrated groundwater recharge from the WetSpass model is then considered when determining the controlling factors of groundwater occurrence and formation,together with other multi-thematic layers such as lithology,geomorphology,lineament density and drainage *** selected five thematic layers through MCDA are incorporated by employing the analytical hierarchy process(AHP)method to identify the relative dominance in groundwater potential *** weighted factors in the AHP are procedurally aggregated,based on weighted linear combinations

关键词： Groundwater potential Gelana watershed WetSpass Thematic layers Multi-Criteria decision analysis Analytical hierarchy process

Liver dysfunction during COVID-19 pandemic:Contributing role of associated factors in disease progression and severity

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第6期14卷 1099-1110页

作者： tarun Sahu Babita Pande Manasa PL Henu kumar Verma Department of Physiology All India Institute of Medical SciencesRaipur 492001ChhattisgarhIndia Center for Basic Sciences Pt.Ravishankar Shukla UniversityRaipur 492001ChhattisgarhIndia Department of Immunopathology Institute of Lungs Health and ImmunityMunich 85764BavariaGermany

In December 2019,a new strain of coronavirus was discovered in China,and the World Health Organization declared it a pandemic in March *** majority of people with coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19)exhibit no or only mild symptoms such as fever,cough,anosmia,and ***,approximately 15%develop a severe lung infection over the course of 10 d,resulting in respiratory failure,which can lead to multi-organ failure,coagulopathy,and *** the beginning of the pandemic,it appears that there has been consideration that preexisting chronic liver disease may predispose to deprived consequences in conjunction with ***,extensive liver damage has been linked to immune dysfunction and coagulopathy,which leads to a more severe COVID-19 *** that,people with COVID-19 frequently have abnormal liver function,with more significant elevations in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in patients with severe COVID-19 compared to those with mild/moderate *** review focuses on the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection in the liver,as well as the use of liver chemistry as a prognostic tool during *** also evaluate the findings for viral infection of hepatocytes,and look into the potential mechanisms behind SARS-CoV-2-related liver damage.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Liver function Hepatic injury Viral infection

Prevalence and risk factors of lymphatic dysfunction in cirrhosis patients with refractory ascites:An often unconsidered mechanism

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第10期15卷 1140-1152页

作者： Rahul Arya Ramesh kumar tarun kumar Sudhir kumar Utpal Anand Rajeev Nayan Priyadarshi Tanmoy Maji Department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Surgical Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Radiodiagnosis All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia

BACKGROUND The lymphatic system is crucial in maintaining the body fluid homeostasis.A dysfunctional lymphatic system may contribute to the refractoriness of ascites and edema in cirrhosis ***,assessment of lymphatic dysfunction in cirrhosis patients with refractory ascites(RA)can be crucial as it would call for using different strategies for fluid *** To assessing the magnitude,spectrum,and clinical associations of lymphatic dysfunction in liver cirrhosis patients with *** This observational study included 155 consecutive cirrhosis patients with *** presence of clinical signs of lymphedema,such as peau d’orange appearance and positive Stemmer sign,intestinal lymphangiectasia(IL)on duodenal biopsy seen as dilated vessels in the lamina propria with strong D2-40 immunohistochemistry,and chylous ascites were used to diagnose the overt lymphatic *** A total of 69(44.5%)patients out of 155 had evidence of lymphatic *** lymphedema,found in 52(33.5%)patients,was the most common manifestation,followed by IL in 42(27.0%)patients,and chylous ascites in 2(1.9%)*** to patients without lymphedema,those with lymphedema had higher mean age,median model for end-stage liver disease scores,mean body mass index,mean ascitic fluid triglyceride levels,and proportion of patients with hypoproteinemia(serum total protein<5 g/dL)and lymphocytopenia(<15%of total leukocyte count).Patients with IL also had a higher prevalence of lymphocytopenia and hypoproteinemia(28.6%vs.9.1%,P=0.004).Seven(13%)patients with lymphedema had lower limb cellulitis compared to none in those without *** multivariate regression analysis,factors independently associated with lymphatic dysfunction included obesity[odds ratio(OR):4.2,95%confidence intervals(95%CI):1.1–15.2,P=0.027],lymphocytopenia[OR:6.2,95%CI:2.9–13.2,P<0.001],and hypoproteinemia[OR:3.7,95%CI:1.5–8.82,P=0.003].CONCLUSION Lymphatic dysfunction is common in cirrho

关键词： Cirrhosis Lymphedema Lymphangicetasia Refractory ascites Chylous ascites Lymphocytopenia

Candida tropicalis infection in a term neonate with gall bladder masses and infective endocarditis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第5期5卷 410-412页

作者： Mamta Jajoo Vishal kumar Vishnu K.Goyal Amit garg Department of Pediatrics Maulana Azad Medical College & Associated Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya New Delhi-110031India Department of Radiology Maulana Azad Medical couege & Associated Chacha Nehru Bal ChikisalayaNew pelhi-110031India.

Candida endocarditis is extremely rare in term neonates,and gall bladder involvement due to candidemia has never been reported amongst neonates and infants.A term,appropriate for gestational age neonate developed Candida tropicalis blood stream infection in second week of *** was started on conventional amphotericin ***,he failed to show any clinical improvement,and candidemia keep on *** sanctuary sites screening revealed multiple echogenic masses in heart(vegetations) and gall *** changing the treatment to liposomal amphotericin B and fluconazole,he recovered clinically,echogenic masses in gall bladder disappeared,and intracardiac vegetations decreased in size.

关键词： Candida tropicalis Endocarditis Gall bladder

Ipsilateral fracture dislocations of the hip and knee joints with contralateral open fracture of the leg： a rare case and its management principles

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2011年第3期14卷 183-187页

作者： Ramesh kumar Sen Sujit kumar Tripathy Vibhu Krishnan tarun Goyal Vanyambadi Jagadeesh Department of Orthopedics Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh 160012 India

This paper discussed the injury mechanism and management of a patient who had concomitant ipsilateral hip and knee dislocations and contralateral open leg fracture. A 32-year-old man presented with ipsilateral fracturedislocations of the left hip （Pipkin＇s type IV） and knee （Moore II）joints and contralateral open fracture of the leg bones after a car accident. After emergency resuscitative measures, the hip joint was reduced and Pipkin＇s fracture was fixed using Ganz approach with lag screws; knee joint was reduced closely and tibial plateau fracture was stabilized with lateral buttress plate and a transarticular spanning fixator. The open fracture on the other leg was debrided and fixed with an external fixator. There was no insta-bility in both joints after fixation when he was examined under anesthesia. The fractures united after 3 months and the patient had no residual instability of hip and knee. There was no clinical or radiological evidence of osteonecrosis in the hip joint after 6 months. At one-year follow-up, he had satisfactory functional outcome with almost normal range of motion at both joints. Ipsilateral hip and knee dislocations are rare injuries and more caution is needed for early diagnosis. A timely appropriate intervention can provide good functional outcome to the patient in this situation.

关键词： Hip dislocation Knee dislocation Fractures bone

Giant pyogenic granuloma on the glans penis

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Asian Journal of Urology 2020年第4期7卷 382-383页

作者： Sheetanshu kumar tarun Narang Bishan Dass Radotra Dipankar De Department of Dermatology Venereology and LeprologyPostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia Department of Histopathology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia

A middle aged uncircumcised man presented with a painless growth on the glans penis which started 6 months back as a pinhead sized papule and rapidly progressed in *** patient reported occasional bleeding from the lesion on minimal *** patient was unable to perform sexual intercourse owing to the size of lesion and concern of *** patient was in monogamous relationship with his wife and denied any high risk sexual *** examination,there was a non-tender,oval,dark red,smooth,shiny,exophytic pedunculated growth of size 2.5 cm2 cm0.5 cm on the glans with a small but broad pedicle at the base of the lesion(Fig.1).Histopathological examination of the mucosal biopsy from the lesion revealed lobular proliferation of capillaries with thinned out epithelium(Fig.2).The diagnosis of penile pyogenic granuloma(PG)was reached on the basis of above *** lesion was referred to urology services and the lesion was surgically excised.

关键词： granuloma diagnosis bleeding