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Effect of vapour pressure deficit on gas exchange of field‑grown cotton

Journal of Cotton Research 2021年第4期4卷 337-346页

作者： BROUGHTON katrina J. PAyTON Paxton tan daniel k.y. TISSUE David T. BANGE Michael P. CSIRO Agriculture and Food Locked Bag 59NarrabriNSWAustralia Plant Breeding Institute Sydney Institute of AgricultureSchool of Life and Environmental SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Hawkesbury CampusWestern Sydney UniversityPenrithNSWAustralia United States Department of Agriculture Cropping Systems Research LaboratoryLubbockTXUSA

Background:Plants respond to changes in vapour pressure deficit(VPD)between the leaf and the atmosphere through changes in stomatal response,which can consequently affect transpiration,photosynthesis,and leaf-level water use *** projected warmer air temperatures,changes in rainfall distribution and altered VPD in future climates,it is important to understand the potential effect of VPD on leaf-level physiology of field-grown *** aim of this study was to assess the impact of altered VPD on leaf-level physiology of field-grown cotton to improve the current understanding of the plant-by-environment interaction,thereby contributing to validation and improvement of physiological and yield response *** VPD environments in the field were generated by planting cotton on three dates within the sowing window(early-season(S1)=5th October 2011;mid-season(S2)=9th November 2011;and late-season(S3)=30th November 2011).VPD was also modified by altering crop ***:VPDL accounted for the largest proportion of the explained variation in both stomatal conductance(32%∼39%)and photosynthetic(16%∼29%)responses of ***,smaller percentages of variation were attributed to other main factors such as the individual plant(Plant),and accumulated temperature stress hours(ASH;a measure of plant water status over time)and interactive factors,including leaf vapour pressure deficit(VPDL)×Plant and Plant×ASH;however,a proportion of variation was *** addition,the Asat/E(instantaneous transpiration efficiency,ITE)model developed based on cotton grown in the glasshouse was applied to cotton grown in the *** found that the modelled Asat/E and field-measured Asat/E were very similar,suggesting that the mechanistic basis for ITE was similar in both ***:This study highlights the importance of accounting for VPD in climate change research,given that stomata are highly responsive to changes in *** experiment pr

关键词： Climate change Gossypium hirsutum Physiology VPD

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Fundamental error in tree-based machine learning model selection for reservoir characterisation

Energy Geoscience

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 214-224页

作者： daniel Asante Otchere Centre of Excellence in Subsurface Seismic Imaging and Hydrocarbon Prediction Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610Seri IskandarPerak Darul RidzuanMalaysia

Over the past two decades,machine learning techniques have been extensively used in predicting reservoir *** this approach has significantly contributed to the industry,selecting an appropriate model is still challenging for most *** solely on statistical metrics to select the best model for a particular problem may not always be the most effective *** study encourages researchers to incorporate data visualization in their analysis and model selection *** evaluate the suitability of different models in predicting horizontal permeability in the Volve field,wireline logs were used to train Extra-Trees,Ridge,Bagging,and XGBoost *** Random Forest feature selection technique was applied to select the relevant logs as inputs for the *** on statistical metrics,the Extra-Trees model achieved the highest test accuracy of 0.996,RMSE of 19.54 mD,and MAE of 3.18 mD,with XGBoost coming in ***,when the results were visualised,it was discovered that the XGBoost model was more suitable for the problem being *** XGBoost model was a better predictor within the sandstone interval,while the Extra-Trees model was more appropriate in non-sandstone *** this study aims to predict permeability in the reservoir interval,the XGBoost model is the most *** contrasting results demonstrate the importance of incorporating data visualisation techniques as an evaluation *** the heterogeneity of the subsurface,relying solely on statistical metrics may not be sufficient to determine which model is best suited for a particular problem.

关键词： Data visualisation Permeability Machine learning Statistical metrics

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Twisted fiber microfluidics:a cutting-edge approach to 3D spiral devices

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 193-202页

作者： Shunsuke kato daniel W.Carlson Amy Q.Shen yuanyuan Guo Department of Electrical Information and Physics EngineeringSchool of EngineeringTohoku UniversityAoba-kuSendai 980-8579 MiyagiJapan Micro/Bio/Nanofluidics Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and TechnologyOnnaKunigami-gun 904-0495 OkinawaJapan Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences(FRIS) Tohoku UniversityAoba-kuSendai 980-0845 MiyagiJapan Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku UniversityAoba-kuSendai 980-8579 MiyagiJapan Department of Physiology Graduate School of MedicineTohoku UniversityAoba-kuSendai 980-8575 MiyagiJapan

The development of 3D spiral microfluidics has opened new avenues for leveraging inertial focusing to analyze small fluid volumes,thereby advancing research across chemical,physical,and biological *** traditional straight microchannels rely solely on inertial lift forces,the novel spiral geometry generates Dean drag forces,eliminating the necessity for external fields in fluid ***,fabricating 3D spiral microfluidics remains a labor-intensive and costly endeavor,hindering its widespread ***,conventional lithographic methods primarily yield 2D planar devices,thereby limiting the selection of materials and geometrical *** address these challenges,this work introduces a streamlined fabrication method for 3D spiral microfluidic devices,employing rotational force within a miniaturized thermal drawing process,termed as *** innovation allows for rapid prototyping of twisted fiber-based microfluidics featuring versatility in material selection and heightened geometric *** validate the performance of these devices,we combined computational modeling with microtomographic particle image velocimetry(uTPiM)to comprehensively characterize the 3D flow *** results corroborate the presence of a steady secondary flow,underscoring the effectiveness of our *** 3D spiral microfluidics platform paves the way for exploring intricate microflow dynamics,with promising applications in areas such as drug delivery,diagnostics,and lab-on-a-chip systems.

关键词： thereby straight twisted

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Assessing the energy saving potential of using adaptive setpoint temperatures:The case study of a regional adaptive comfort model for Brazil in both the present and the future

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 459-482页

作者： daniel Sánchez-García David Bienvenido-Huertas Carlos Rubio-Bellido Ricardo Forgiarini Rupp Department of Electrical Engineering University Carlos III of MadridMadridSpain Department of Building Simulation ZEROCEM SLSevilleSpain Department of Building Constructions University of GranadaGranadaSpain Department of Building Constructions II University of SevilleSevilleSpain Section of Design for Sustainability Department of Civil and Mechanical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDenmark

It has been found in recent years that using setpoint temperatures based on adaptive thermal comfort models is a successful method of energy *** studies using adaptive setpoint temperatures incorporate international models from ASHRAE Standard 55 and *** study,however,has instead considered a regional Brazilian adaptive comfort *** study investigates the energy demand arising from the use of a local Brazilian comfort model in order to assess the energy implications from the use of the worldwide ASHRAE Standard 55 adaptive model and various fixed setpoint *** of Brazil’s climate zones,full air-conditioning,mixed-mode building operating modes,present-day climate change scenarios,and future scenarios—specifically Representative Concentration Pathways(RCP)2.6,4.5,and 8.5 for the years 2050 and 2100—have all been taken into account in building energy *** use of adaptive setpoint temperatures based on the Brazilian local model considering mixed-mode has been found to significantly reduce energy consumption when compared to static setpoint temperatures(average energy-saving values ranging from 52%to 58%)and the ASHRAE 55 adaptive model(average values ranging from 15%to 21%).Considering climate change and the mixed-mode Brazilian model,the overall energy demand for the three groups of climatic zones(annual average outdoor temperatures≤21℃,>21 and≤25℃and>25℃)ranged between 2%decrease and 5%increase,4%and 27%increase,and 13%and 45%increase,*** is concluded as a consequence that setting setpoint temperatures based on the Brazilian local adaptive comfort model is a very efficient energy-saving method.

关键词： adaptive thermal comfort building energy simulation energy efficiency climate change adaptive setpoint temperatures local comfort mode

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Elevation transition of aquatic insects closely matches a thermal feature in the yungas of Northwestern Argentina

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第2期21卷 433-448页

作者： Alexandra BUITRAGO-GUACANAME Carlos MOLINERI Andrés LIRA-NORIEGA daniel Andrés DOS SANTOS Neotropical Biodiversity Institute(CONICET-UNT) UNT-DomesHorco Molle S/N4107 TucumánArgentina CONACyT Research Fellow Network of Advanced Molecular StudiesInstitute of Ecology A.COld Road to Coatepec 351El HayaCP 91073XalapaVeracruzMexico Biostatistics Chair Faculty of Natural Sciences and IMLNational University of TucumánSan Miguel de TucumánMiguel Lillo 2054000 TucumánArgentina

Temperature is a k.y.factor that shapes the distribution of *** knowledge about how species respond to temperature is relevant to devise strategies for addressing the impacts of climate *** insects are particularly vulnerable to climate change,yet there is still much to learn about their ecology and *** the yungas ecoregion of Northwestern Argentina,cold-and warm-adapted species of the orders Ephemeroptera,Plecoptera,and Trichoptera(EPT)are segregated by *** modeled the ecological niche of South American EPT species in this region using available data and projected their potential distribution in geographic *** were grouped based on their ecogeographic similarity,and we analyzed their replacement pattern along elevation gradients,focusing on the ecotone where opposing thermal preferences *** this interface,we identified critical points where the combined incidence of cold and warm assemblages maximizes,indicating a significant transition *** found that the Montane Cloud Forest holds the interface,with a particularly greater suitability at its lower *** main axis of the interface runs in a N-S direction and falls between 14°C-16°C mean annual *** probability of a particular location within a basin being classified as part of the interface increases as kira’s warmth index approaches a score around *** the interface is critical for defining the thermal limits of species distribution and designing biomonitoring *** in the location of thermal constants related to mountainous ecotones may cause vertical displacement of aquatic insects and vegetation *** have recognized significant temperature thresholds that serve as indicators of suitability for the *** global warming is anticipated to shift these indicators,we suggest using them to monitor the imprints of climate change on mountain ecosystems.

关键词： Austral yungas Ecological Niche Model Ephemeroptera kira’s warmth index Plecoptera Trichoptera

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Superior antibody and membrane protein‑specific T‑cell responses to CoronaVac by intradermal versus intramuscular routes in adolescents

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 353-370页

作者： Jaime S.Rosa Duque Samuel M.S.Cheng Carolyn A.Cohen daniel Leung Xiwei Wang Xiaofeng Mu yuet Chung Tsun Ming Lau Manni Wang Wenyue Zhang yanmei Zhang Howard H.W.Wong Leo C.H.Tsang Sara Chaothai Tsz Chun kwan John k.C.Li karl C.k.Chan Leo L.H.Luk Jenson C.H.Ho Wing yan Li Amos M.T.Lee Jennifer H.y.Lam Sau Man Chan Wilfred H.S.Wong Issan y.S.Tam Masashi Mori Sophie A.Valkenburg Malik Peiris Wenwei Tu yu Lung Lau Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Public Health The University of Hong KongHong KongChina HkU‑Pasteur Research Pole School of Public HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology Ishikawa Prefectural UniversityNonoichiJapan Department of Microbiology and Immunology Peter Doherty Institute for Infectionand ImmunityUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Center for Immunology and Infection C2i Hong KongChina

Background Optimising the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines to improve their protection against disease is *** dosing by intradermal(ID)administration has been shown to be equally immunogenic as intramuscular(IM)administration for several vaccines,but the immunogenicity of ID inactivated whole severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)at the full dose is *** study(NCT04800133)investigated the superiority of antibody and T-cell responses of full-dose CoronaVac by ID over IM administration in *** Participants aged 11–17 years received two doses of IM or ID vaccine,followed by the 3rd dose 13–42 days *** and cellular immunogenicity outcomes were measured post-dose 2(IM-CC versus ID-CC)and post-dose 3(IMCCC versus ID-CCC).Doses 2 and 3 were administered to 173 and 104 adolescents,*** Spike protein(S)immunoglobulin G(IgG),S-receptor-binding domain(RBD)IgG,S IgG Fcγreceptor IIIa(FcγRIIIa)-binding,SNM[sum of individual(S),nucleocapsid protein(N),and membrane protein(M)peptide pool]-specific interleukin-2(IL-2)+CD4^(+),SNM-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),S-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),N-specific IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)and M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+)responses fulfilled the superior and non-inferior criteria for ID-CC compared to IM-CC,whereas IgG avidity was *** ID-CCC,S-RBD IgG,surrogate virus neutralisation test,90%plaque reduction neutralisation titre(PRNT90),PRNT50,S IgG avidity,S IgG FcγRIIIa-binding,M-specific IL-2^(+)CD4^(+),interferon-γ+CD8^(+)and IL-2^(+)CD8^(+)responses were superior and non-inferior to *** estimated vaccine efficacies were 49%,52%,66%and 79%for IM-CC,ID-CC,IM-CCC and ID-CCC,*** ID groups reported more local,mild adverse *** This is the first study to demonstrate superior antibody and M-specific T-cell responses by ID inactivated SARSCoV-2 vaccination and serves as the basis for future research to improve the

关键词： CoronaVac Coronavirus disease 2019 Immunity Intradermal Vaccine

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Efficiency and effectiveness of systems for the treatment of domestic wastewater based on subsurface flow constructed wetlands in Jarabacoa, Dominican Republic

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 118-128页

作者： yvelisse Pérez Enmanuel Vargas daniel Garcia-Cortes William Hernandez Humberto Checo Ulises Jauregui-Haza Area de Ciencias Basicas y Ambientales Instituto Tecnologico de Santo Domingo(INTEC)Avenida de Los Proceres 49Los Jardines del NorteSanto Domingo 10602Dominican Republic Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Calle Cayetano Germosen esq.Ave.LuperonEl PedregalSanto Domingo 11107Dominican Republic Plan yaque Calle Estela Geraldino 14 AltosJarabacoa 41000Dominican Republic Institute of Technologies and Applied Sciences University of HavanaHavana 10400Cuba

Constructed wetlands(CwW)are well known nature-based systems for water *** study evaluated the efficiency and effectiveness of seven domestic wastewater treatment systems based on horizontal flow CWs in Jarabacoa,the Dominican *** results showed that the CWs were efficient in reducing the degree of contamination of wastewater to levels below the Dominican wastewater discharge standards for parameters such as the 5-day biochemical oxygen demand(BOD5)and chemical oxygen demand,but not for the removal of phosphorus and fecal *** addition,a horizontal flow subsurface wetland in the peri-urban area El Dorado was evaluated in terms of the performance of wastewater treatment in tropical climatic *** concentrations of heavy metals,such as zinc,copper,chromium,and iron,were found to decrease in the effluent of the wetland,and the concentrations for nickel and manganese tended to *** levels of heavy metals in the effluent were lower than the limit values of the Dominican wastewater discharge *** construction cost of these facilities was around 200 USD per population equivalent,similar to the cost in other countries in the same *** study suggested some solutions to the improved performance of CWs:selection of a microbial flora that guarantees the reduction of nitrates and nitrites to molecular nitrogen,use of endemic plants that bioaccumulate heavy metals,combination of constructed wetlands with filtration on activated carbon,and inclusion of water purification processes that allow to evaluate the reuse of treated water.

关键词： Domestic wastewater Constructed wetland BOD COD Pathogens Heavy metals

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Coffee Leaf Rust(Hemileia vastatrix)Disease in Coffee Plants and Perspectives by the Disease Control

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第5期93卷 923-949页

作者： Alexis Salazar-Navarro Victor Ruiz-Valdiviezo Jose Joya-Dávila daniel Gonzalez-Mendoza Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas de la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California(ICA-UABC) Nuevo LeónBaja California21705México Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Instituto Tecnológico Nacional de Tuxtla Gutierrez(TecNM) Tuxtla GutierrezChiapas29050México Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas Campus V.Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas(UNACH) VillafloresChiapas30470México

Coffee Leaf Rust(CLR)is caused by Hemileia vastatrix in Coffea *** is one of the most dangerous phytopathogens for coffee plantations in terms of coffee productivity and coffee cup *** this review,we resume the problem of CLR in Mexico and the pathogenesis of *** review abord plant-pathogen interactions which lead a compatible or incompatible interactions and result in CLR disease or resistance,*** review abord Coffea *** response pathways involved in *** ***,current measures to control *** proliferation and germination were aborded focused on phytosanitary actions,and biological and chemical ***,new trendlines to reduce the impact of CLR as nanoparticles and nanotechnology were analyzed.

关键词： Coffee leaf rust Coffea arabica pathogenesis nanoparticles biological control

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Determining minimum sample size for the conditioned Latin hypercube sampling algorithm

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 530-539页

作者： daniel D.SAURETTE Asim BISWAS Richard J.HECk Adam W.GILLESPIE Aaron A.BERG School of Environmental Sciences University of Guelph50 Stone Rd EastGuelph ON N1G 2W1(Canada) Ontario Ministry of Agriculture Food and Rural Affairs1 Stone Rd WestGuelph ON N1G 2Y4(Canada) Geography Environment&GeomaticsUniversity of Guelph50 Stone Rd EastGuelph ON N1G 2W1(Canada)

In digital soil mapping(DSM),a fundamental assumption is that the spatial variability of the target variable can be explained by the predictors or environmental *** to adequately sample the predictors have been well documented,with the conditioned Latin hypercube sampling(cLHS)algorithm receiving the most attention in the DSM *** advances in sampling design,a critical gap remains in determining the number of samples required for DSM *** propose a simple workflow and function coded in R language to determine the minimum sample size for the cLHS algorithm based on histograms of the predictor variables using the Freedman-Diaconis rule for determining optimal bin *** preprocessing was included to correct for multimodal and non-normally distributed data,as these can affect sample size determination from the *** on a user-selected quantile range(QR)for the sample plan,the densities of the histogram bins at the upper and lower bounds of the QR were used as a scaling factor to determine minimum sample *** technique was applied to a field-scale set of environmental covariates for a well-sampled agricultural study site near Guelph,Ontario,Canada,and tested across a range of *** results showed increasing minimum sample size with an increase in the QR *** sample size increased from 44 to 83 when the QR increased from 50% to 95% and then increased exponentially to 194 for the 99%*** technique provides an estimate of minimum sample size that can be used as an input to the cLHS algorithm.

关键词： bin width digital soil mapping normal distribution quantile range sampling design

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Fatty acids derived from oviposition systems guide female black soldier flies(Hermetia illucens)toward egg deposition sites

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1231-1248页

作者： Patrick klüber Emna Arous Jeanny Jerschow Marco Fraatz daniel Bakonyi Martin Rühl Holger Zorn Department Bioresources Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied EcologyGiessenGermany Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany

The black soldier fly,Hermetia illucens,comes with big promises for industrial purposes since its larvae feed polyphagously on a broad spectrum of organic ***,research focusing on adult flies is scarce,which is inconsistent with their reproductive relevance within the rearing *** particular,directed oviposition is a challenge in artificial ***,decomposing organic matter is commonly used as oviposition substrate,which has extensive potential for improvement in view of the lack of standardization and the risk of microbial ***,we identified three fatty acids and one fatty acid methyl ester derived from the surface of old oviposition sites and targeted to elucidate their effect on preference behavior and oviposition site selection using y-olfactometry and prepared oviposition sites,*** to tetradecanoic acid attracted gravid females and stimulated oviposition most strongly,while decanoic acid demonstrated a repulsive *** kept in mixed-sex populations were attracted by tetradecanoic acid,resulting in a higher egg mass found in the compound box(3.0–11.4 fold),a≥2.3 fold reduction of nonspecifically deposited eggs,and the highest total egg ***,decanoic and dodecanoic acid caused females to lay a greater proportion of eggs nonspecifically outside both *** data suggest that fatty acids,especially tetradecanoic acid,are important cues for oviposition site selection in black soldier *** order to achieve a directed oviposition behavior,the role of further short-and long-chain fatty acids as attractants should be examined.

关键词： black soldier fly Hermetia illucens fatty acids insects as food and feed oviposition oviposition site selection tetradecanoic acid

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