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Cortical hem signaling center: functions, development, and potential implications for evolution and brain disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1079-1080页

作者： Victor V.Chizhikov Igor y.Iskusnykh Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTNUSA

Development of the telencephalon relies upon several signaling centers-localized cellular populations that supply secreted factors to pattern the cortical *** such signaling center is the cortical hem,which arises during embryonic development at the telencephalic dorsal midline,adjacent to the choroid plexus and hippocampal primordium(Figure 1A).While the cortical hem has also been described in reptiles and birds,most of our knowledge about the developmental roles of the cortical hem is derived from the analysis in *** cortical hem produces several types of secreted molecules,including wingless-related integration site(Wnt)and bone morphogenetic(Bmp)*** cortical hem is particularly important for the development of the hippocampus,which is involved in learning and memory,and the neocortex,which is the most complex brain region that mediates multiple types of behavior and higher cognitive functions(Mangale et al.,2008;Dal-Valle-Anton and Borrell,2022).

关键词： epithelium Figure center

Exercise preconditioning alleviates ischemia-induced memory deficits by increasing circulating adiponectin

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1445-1454页

作者： Meifeng Zheng Borui Zhang Sonata S y yau Kwok-Fai So Li Zhang Haining Ou Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Fifth Clinical College of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration(Ministry of Education) Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Institute of CNS RegenerationJinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Center for Exercise and Brain Science School of PsychologyShanghai University of SportShanghaiChina Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute University of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

Cerebral ischemia is a major health risk that requires preventive approaches in addition to drug *** exercise enhances neurogenesis and synaptogenesis,and has been widely used for functional rehabilitation after *** this study,we determined whether exercise training before disease onset can alleviate the severity of cerebral *** also examined the role of exercise-induced circulating factors in these *** mice were subjected to 14 days of treadmill exercise training before surgery for middle cerebral artery *** found that this exercise pre-conditioning strategy effectively attenuated brain infarct area,inhibited gliogenesis,protected synaptic proteins,and improved novel object and spatial memory *** analysis showed that circulating adiponectin plays a critical role in these preventive effects of *** activation of adiponectin receptors by Adipo Ron mimicked the effects of exercise,while inhibiting receptor activation abolished the exercise *** summary,our results suggest a crucial role of circulating adiponectin in the effects of exercise pre-conditioning in protecting against cerebral ischemia and supporting the health benefits of exercise.

关键词： adiponectin cerebral ischemia exercise pre-conditioning hippocampus memory function middle cerebral artery occlusion prefrontal cortex synaptic proteins treadmill exercise

Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing SMN1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon J.Brown Rafael J.yáñez-Muñoz Heidi R.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).this,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

Leveraging ROtI map derived from Indonesian GNSS receiver network for advancing study of Equatorial Plasma Bubble in Southeast/East Asia

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 101-116页

作者： Prayitno Abadi Ihsan N.Muafiry teguh N.Pratama Angga y.Putra Suraina Gatot H.Pramono Sidik t.Wibowo Febrylian F.Chabibi Umar A.Ahmad Wildan P.tresna Asnawi Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)BandungIndonesia School of Electrical Engineering Telkom UniversityBandungIndonesia Directorate of Laboratory Management Facilities and Science and technology Park Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)PontianakIndonesia Geophysics Laboratory Master Program in PhysicsUniversitas Gadjah Mada(UGM)YogyakartaIndonesia Research Center for Space Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)BandungIndonesia Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency(BIG) JakartaIndonesia Research Center for Photonics Indonesian National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Tangerang SelatanIndonesia Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Hokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan

this paper highlights the crucial role of Indonesia’s GNSS receiver network in advancing Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB)studies in Southeast and East Asia,as ionospheric irregularities within EPB can disrupt GNSS signals and degrade positioning *** by the Indonesian Geospatial Information Agency(BIG),the Indonesia Continuously Operating Reference Station(Ina-CORS)network comprises over 300 GNSS receivers spanning equatorial to southern low-latitude ***-CORS is uniquely situated to monitor EPB generation,zonal drift,and dissipation across Southeast *** provide a practical tool for EPB research,by sharing two-dimensional rate of total Electron Content(tEC)change index(ROtI)derived from this *** generate ROtI maps with a 10-minute resolution,and samples from May 2024 are publicly available for further scientific *** preliminary findings from the ROtI maps of Ina-CORS are ***,the Ina-CORS ROtI maps reveal that the irregularities within a broader EPB structure persist longer,increasing the potential for these irregularities to migrate farther ***,we demonstrate that combined ROtI maps from Ina-CORS and GNSS receivers in East Asia and Australia can be used to monitor the development of ionospheric irregularities in Southeast and East *** have demonstrated the combined ROtI maps to capture the development of ionospheric irregularities in the Southeast/East Asian sector during the G5 Geomagnetic Storm on May 11,*** observed simultaneous ionospheric irregularities in Japan and Australia,respectively propagating northwestward and southwestward,before midnight,whereas Southeast Asia’s equatorial and low-latitude regions exhibited irregularities *** sharing ROtI maps from Indonesia and integrating them with regional GNSS networks,researchers can conduct comprehensive EPB studies,enhancing the understanding of EPB behavior across Southeast and East Asia and contributing significantly to ionosphe

关键词： Equatorial Plasma Bubble(EPB) GNSS receivers’network Indonesia Continuously Operating Reference Station(Ina-CORS) ionospheric map Rate of tEC change index(ROtI)map

theory and Modeling of Phase transformations under Stress in Steel

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 1-7页

作者： t.y. Hsu School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China

thermodynamic prediction of the increment of the formation temperature of proeutectoid ferrite by appliedstress is nearly consistent with the wxperfimental *** models for ferrite,pearlite and bainite transformations can be shown as modified Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation in which parameter b() varies with the level of applied *** effects of tensile and compressive stresses on enhancement of the ferrite/pearlite and bainite transformations are discussed,the necessity and approach of modification of additivity hypothesis are introduced and the results from modified equation in which some parameters are obtained by rfegression of two experimental results or taken from ttt and CCt diagrams of a cerftain steel are superior than that from Scheil’s *** calculation of Ms and nucleation kinetics equations of martensitic transformation under stress are *** of phase trasformations under stress in ferrous alloys is briefly

关键词：钢相位转换受力状态热力学动力学成核现象相加性假设铁合金

the Improvement of Phytomediation on the treatment Effectiveness of Heavy Metals with Energy Sunflower Plants with Calcium Peroxide and Phytohormones

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2015年第10期6卷 1158-1169页

作者： t. y. yeh Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering National University of Kaohsiung Taiwan

Phytomediation is an environmentally friendly green rehabilitation technology that is often incorporated with an application to improve calcium peroxide and phytohormones required for the growth of agricultural plants with the expectation to improve the effectiveness of plant rehabilitation. this study mainly consists of two parts: 1) water culture experiment and 2) pot culture experiment. In the water culture experiment, we attempt to understand the influence of the addition of calcium peroxide, phytohormones (IAA and GA3) and a chelating agent on the growth of sunflower plants. From the growth, we are then able to know the effectiveness of the addition of phytohormones. However, in the pot culture experiment, when hormones and the chelating agent EDtA are introduced to different plant groups at the same time, if the nutrition in the water required by plants is not available, the addition of the hormone cannot negate the toxicity caused by EDtA. In terms of calcium peroxide, due to quick release of oxygen in water, this study fails to apply calcium peroxide to the water culture experiment. When the pot culture experiment is used to examine the influence of hormones at different concentration levels on the growth of sunflowers, GA3 10-8 M is reported to have the optimal effectiveness, followed by IAA 10-8 M;IAA 10-12 M has the lowest effectiveness. According to an accumulation analysis of heavy metals at different levels, GA3 concentrates in leaves to transport nutrition in soil to leaves. this results in an excellent tF value of 2.329 G of GA3 than 1.845 of the control group indicating that the addition of the hormone and chelating agent to GA3 increases the tF value and the chelating agent is beneficial to the sunflower plant. If we examine phytoattenuation ability, the one-month experiment was divided into three stages for ten days each. the concentration level of heavy metals in the soil at each stage dropped continuously while that of the control group decrease

关键词： Phytomediation Heavy Metal Cooper Chelating Agent EDtA Energy Plant (Sunflower) Hormones (IAA GA3) Phytoattenuation

Impact of Pollutant Concentration and Particle Deposition on the Radiative Flow of Casson-Micropolar Fluid between Parallel Plates

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 665-690页

作者： Ghaliah Alhamzi Badr Saad t.Alkahtani Ravi Shanker Dubey Vinutha Kalleshachar Neelima Nizampatnam Department of Mathematics and Statistics College of ScienceImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11564Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11989Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Amity School of Applied SciencesAmity University RajasthanJaipur302002RajasthanIndia Department of Studies in Mathematics Davangere UniversityDavangere577002India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Amrita School of EngineeringAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamBengaluru560035India

Assessing the behaviour and concentration of waste pollutants deposited between two parallel plates is essential for effective environmental *** the effectiveness of treatment methods in reducing pollution scales is made easier by analysing waste discharge *** waste discharge concentration analysis is useful for assessing how effectively wastewater treatment techniques reduce pollution *** study aims to explore the Casson micropolar fluid flow through two parallel plates with the influence of pollutant concentration and thermophoretic particle *** explore the mass and heat transport features,thermophoretic particle deposition and thermal radiation are *** governing equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations with the help of suitable similarity *** Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg’s fourthfifth order technique and shooting procedure are used to solve the reduced set of equations and boundary *** integration of a neural network model based on the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm serves to improve the accuracy of predictions and optimize the analysis of *** outcomes are displayed to analyze the characteristics of the relevant dimensionless parameters in the current *** reveal that concentration upsurges as the micropolar parameter *** concentration reduces with an upsurge in the thermophoretic *** upsurge in the external pollutant source variation and the local pollutant external source parameters enhances mass *** surface drag force declines for improved values of porosity and micropolar parameters.

关键词： Micropolar fluid thermal radiation porous medium thermophoretic particle deposition waste discharge concentration

New Naturally Occurring Product Extract as Corrosion Inhibitor for 316 Stainless Steel in 5% HCl

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2004年第4期20卷 463-466页

作者： t.y.Soror Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Cairo University Cairo Egypt

Medipolymorphol, a new sterol isolated from the whole plant of Medicago polymorpha Roxb was used as corrosion inhibitor for 316 stainless steel in 5% HCI at room temperature. Electrochemical techniques have been found to be reliable in evaluating corrosion characteristics of the system. Several techniques have been used including tafel, linear polarization, potentiodynamic polarization, and open circuit potential (OCP) studies. the additives simultaneously deaccelerated the anodic process, intensified the cathodic process and provided a stable passive state, giving good inhibition efficiencies to stainless steel electrodes. In addition, adsorption isotherm have been fitted for the inhibitor under investigation.

关键词： Medipolymorpho] Plant extract Stainless steel HCl Corrosion inhibitor

On the number of matchings of graphs formed by a graph operation

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Science China Mathematics 2006年第10期49卷 1383-1391页

作者： yeh yeong-Nan Institute of Mathematics Academia Sinica

Let G be a simple graph. Define R(G) to be the graph obtained from G by adding a new vertex e* corresponding to each edge e = (a, b) of G and by joining each new vertex e* to the end vertices a and b of the edge e corresponding to it. In this paper, we prove that the number of matchings of R(G) is completely determined by the degree sequence of vertices of G.

关键词： matching, Hosoya index, matching polynomial, oriented incident matrix,skew adjacency matrix.