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Comparison of Extrapolation and Interpolation Methods for Estimating Daily Photosynthetically Active Radiation(PAR)——A Case Study of the Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve,China

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2010年第4期13卷 235-242页

作者： wu Guofeng Jan de Leeuw Andrew K. Skidmore LIU Yaolin herbert h. t. Prins School of Resource and Environmental Science Wuhan University 129 Luoyu Road Wuhan 430079 China Key Laboratory of Geographic Information System of the Ministry of Education Wuhan University 129 Luoyu Road Wuhan 430079 China International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) P. O. Box 30709 Nairobi 00100 Kenya Department of Natural Resources International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation P. O. Box 6 Hengelosestraat 99 7500 AA Enschede the Netherlands Resource Ecology Group Department of Environmental Sciences Wageningen University Droevendaalsesteeg 3A 6708 PB Wageningen the Netherlands

Measurements of photosynthetically active radiation （PAR）, which are indispensable for simulating plant growth and productivity, are generally very scarce. this study aimed to compare two extrapolation and one interpolation methods for estimating daily PAR reaching the earth surface within the Poyang Lake national nature reserve, China. the daily global solar radiation records at Nanchang meteorological station and daily sunshine duration measurements at nine meteorological stations around Poyang Lake were obtained to achieve the objective. two extrapolation methods of PARs using recorded and estimated global solar radiation at Nanchang station and three stations （Yongxiu, Xingzi and Duchang） near the nature reserve were carried out, respectively, and a spatial interpolation method combining triangulated irregular network （tIN） and inverse distance weighting （IDW） was imple- mented to estimate daily PAR. the performance evaluation of the three methods using the PARs measured at Dahuchi Conservation Station （day number of measurement = 105 days） revealed that：（1） the spatial interpolation method achieved the best PAR estima- tion （R2 - 0.89, s.c. = 0.99, F= 830.02, P 〈 0.001 ）; （2） the extrapolation method from Nanchang station obtained an unbiased result （R2 = 0.88, s.c. = 0.99, F = 745.29, P 〈 0.001）; however, （3） the extrapolation methods from Yongxiu, Xingzi and Duchang stations were not suitable for this specific site for their biased estimations. Considering the assumptions and principles supporting the extrapolation and interpolation methods, the authors conclude that the spatial interpolation method produces more reliable results than the extrapolation methods and holds the greatest potential in all tested methods, and more PAR measurements should be recorded to evaluate the seasonal, yearly and spatial stabilities of these models for their application to the whole nature reserve of Poyang Lake.

关键词： photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) extrapolation interpolation triangulated irregular network (tIN) inverse distance weighting (IDW)

Silencing Brassinosteroid Receptor BRI1 Impairs herbivory-elicited Accumulation of Jasmonic Acid-isoleucine and Diterpene Glycosides, but not Jasmonic Acid and trypsin Proteinase Inhibitors in Nicotiana attenuata

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第6期55卷 514-526页

作者： Da-hai Yang Ian t. Baldwin Jianqiang wu Department of Molecular Ecology Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Hans-Knll Stra e 8 D-07745 Jena Germany Plant Stress Biology Group Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology Kunming Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences

the brassinosteroid （BR） receptor, BR insensitive 1 （BRI1）, plays a critical role in plant development, but whether BRI1-mediated BR signaling is involved in plant defense responses to herbivores was largely unknown. here, we examined the function of BRI1 in the resistance of Nicotiana attenuata （Solanaceae） to its specialist insect herbivore Manduca sexta. Jasmonic acid （JA） and JA-isoleucine conjugate （JA-Ile） are important hormones that mediate resistance to herbivores and we found that after wounding or simulated herbivory NaBRI1 had little effect on JA levels, but was important for the induction of JA-Ile. Further experiments revealed that decreased JAR （the enzyme for JA-Ile production） activity and availability of Ile in NaBRI1-silenced plants were likely responsible for the low JA-Ile levels. Consistently, M. sexta larvae gained more weight on NaBRI1-silenced plants than on the control plants. Quantification of insect feeding-induced secondary metabolites revealed that silencing NaBRI1 resulted in decreased levels of carbon-rich defensive secondary metabolites （hydroxygeranyllinalool diterpene glycosides, chlorogenic acid, and rutin）, but had little effect on the nitrogen-rich ones （nicotine and trypsin proteinase inhibitors）. thus, NaBRI1-mediated BR signaling is likely involved in plant defense responses to M. sexta, including maintaining JA-Ile levels and the accumulation of several carbon-rich defensive secondary metabolites.

关键词： BRI1 herbivore insect jasmonic acid Nicotiana attenuata secondary metabolites.

A Novel Control Algorithm for Interaction Between Surface Waves and A Permeable Floating Structure

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China Ocean Engineering 2016年第2期30卷 161-176页

作者： Pei-Wei tSAI A.ALSAEDI t.hAYAt Cheng-wu ChEN College of information Science and Engineering Fujian University of TechnologyFuzhou 350118China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Applications(Fujian University of technology) Fuzhou 350118China Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics(NAAM)Research Group King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Quaid-I-Azam UniversityIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Maritime Information and technology National Kaohsiung Marine UniversityKaohsiung 80543China Faculty of Engineering King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

An analytical solution is undertaken to describe the wave-induced flow field and the surge motion of a permeable platform structure with fuzzy controllers in an oceanic *** the design procedure of the controller,a parallel distributed compensation（PDC） scheme is utilized to construct a global fuzzy logic controller by blending all local state feedback controllers.A stability analysis is carried out for a real structure system by using Lyapunov *** corresponding boundary value problems are then incorporated into scattering and radiation *** are analytically solved,based on separation of variables,to obtain series solutions in terms of the harmonic incident wave motion and surge *** dependence of the wave-induced flow field and its resonant frequency on wave characteristics and structure properties including platform width,thickness and mass has been thus drawn with a parametric *** which mathematical models are applied for the wave-induced displacement of the surge motion.A nonlinearly inverted pendulum system is employed to demonstrate that the controller tuned by swarm intelligence method can not only stabilize the nonlinear system,but has the robustness against external disturbance.

关键词： fuzzy Lyapunov function takagi?Sugeno form swarm intelligence algorithm

the Anomalous Mei-yu Rainfall of Summer 2020 from a Circulation Clustering Perspective:Current and Possible Future Prevalence

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2021年第12期38卷 2010-2022,I0002-I0008页

作者： Robin t.CLARK Peili wu Lixia ZhANG Chaofan LI Met Office hadley Centre FitzRoy RoadExeter EX13PBUK LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

highly unusual amounts of rainfall were seen in the 2020 summer in many parts of China,Japan,and South *** the intercontinental scale,case studies have attributed this exceptional event to a displacement of the climatological western North Pacific subtropical anticyclone,potentially associated Indian Ocean sea surface temperature patterns and a mid-latitude wave train emanating from the North *** clusters of spatial patterns of sea level pressure,we show that an unprecedented 80%of the 2020 summer days in East Asia were dominated by clusters of surface pressure greater than normal over the South China *** examining the rainfall and water vapor fluxes in other years when these clusters were also prevalent,we find that the frequency of these types of clusters was likely to have been largely responsible for the unusual rainfall of *** two ensembles of future climate projections,we show that summers like 2020 in East Asia may become more frequent and considerably wetter in a warmer world with an enhanced moisture supply.

关键词： circulation clustering mei-yu front 2020 summer rainfall climate projections

Phase Formation and Magnetic Properties of Nanocomposite Nd-Fe-B Adjusted by Small Amount of Dy and Co

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Journal of Rare Earths 2004年第z2期22卷 89-94页

作者： t S Jang t W Lim h S Aum D h Lee M B Kim Division of Materials and Chemical Engineering Sun Moon UniversityKorea Division of Materials and Chemical EngineeringSun Moon UniversityKorea Division of Mechanical EngineeringSun Moon University 100 Kalsan LiTangjung MyonAsan CityChoongnam 336-708Korea Division of Materials and Chemical EngineeringSun Moon UniversityKorea Division of Materials and Chemical EngineeringSun Moon UniversityKorea

In order to improve and stabilize the magnetic properties of nanocomposite Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe magnetic alloys by a compositional adjustment, small amount of Dy and/or Co was added to Nd9Fe84B7 alloys. DtA analysis on the amorphous of the alloys took place as the soft magnetic phases were crystallized, and then the hard magnetic Nd2Fe14B was precipitated from them. While α-Fe and a metastable 1:7 (tbCu7-type) phase were formed simultaneously in Dy and Co-free alloys, they were crystallized separately at different temperatures after Dy or Co was added. this phase separation occurred more clearly in the Dy-treated alloys and the other soft magnetic phase Fe3B was also stabilized by Dy and/or Co. the 1: 7 phase that was stabilized by Dy and/or Co was not eliminated at 700 ℃, decreasing magnetic properties of the alloys. It was eventually disappeared above 725 ℃, but Fe3B was not eliminated even at 750 ℃ when Dy was added more than 0.5 at% or Co was added more than 2.0 at%. Amount of Nd2Fe14B in the alloys tended to increase as Dy addition increased,whereas Co addition did not lead to any appreciable change in the ratio of α-Fe and Nd2Fe14B. Moreover, Dy addition apparently increased coercivity of an alloy while Co addition had a beneficial effect on remanence. the grains in the Dytreated alloys were usually finer than those in the Co-treated alloys. the grain size of both α-Fe and Nd2Fe14B in the alloys exhibiting mr ≥ 0.72 was in the range of 20 ～ 40 nm or even larger 50 nm, which is larger than the theoretical optimum size ( ～ 10 nm). typical magnetic properties obtained from a Nd7.5Dy1.5Fe82.5Co1.5B7 alloy annealed for 12 min at 725 ℃were ihc=4.85 kOe, Br= 11.32 kG, (Bh)max = 15.73 MGOe, and mr=0.73.

关键词： nanocomposite Nd-Fe-B magnetic properties remanence coercivity

Synthesis of demethoxy-amino-substituted hypocrellins: novel photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2000年第11期11卷 963-966页

作者： wu, t Xu, SJ Shen, JQ Chen, S Zhang, Mh Shen, t Chinese Acad Sci Inst Chem Ctr Mol Sci Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

A novel method was used to obtain demethoxy-amino-substituted hypocrellin derivatives. Peri-hydroxylated perylenequinone structure of hypocrellin was reserved when hypocrellin reacted with an amine in pyridine. the products were new compounds with significant cytoxicity against tumor cells. their structures have been established on the basis of their mass and h-1 NMR spectra.

关键词： Synthesis of demethoxy-amino-substituted hypocrellins novel photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy

Unexpected creep behavior in a rejuvenated metallic glass

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2023年第32期163卷 140-149页

作者： J.P.wu Y.Lin F.h.Duan Q.Chen h.t.Wang N.Li J.L.Wen J.Pan L.Liu Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould technology and School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Laboratory of Nanomaterials&Nanomechanics Department of Mechanical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong KongChina wuhan National high Magnetic Field Center Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Shenzhen Polytechnic Shenzhen 518055China

Rejuvenation,bringing metallic glasses(MGs)to the younger and higher energy states,provides an alternative avenue to explore the interplay between the property and microstructures of *** this study,the creep behavior of the Zr_(69.5)Cu_(12)Ni_(11)Al_(7.5)MGs was experimentally examined by controlling the energy state in terms of structural rejuvenation and thermal *** is found that compared to the as-cast counterpart,the annealed MG at a lower energy state exhibits a higher hardness,a smaller displacement,and a lower creep rate due to the decreased free volume and the inhibited activation of the shear transformation ***,the rejuvenated MG at a high energy state displays lower hardness and increased free volume content,yet it demonstrates superior creep resistance compared to its as-cast counterpart,which deviates from conventional *** unexpected phenomenon occurs as the initial high-content free volume annihilates during creep,and strain hardening takes precedence over strain softening as the prevailing process during creep deformation,leading to a superior creep performance in extremely rejuvenated MGs.

关键词： Metallic glass Energy state Rejuvenation Creep Strain-hardening

Fragment analysis in forensic anthropology

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Forensic Sciences Research 2020年第4期5卷 260-265页

作者： Douglas h.Ubelaker Yaohan wu National Museum of Natural history Smithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDCUSA

Anthropological analysis of fragmentary evidence can be challenging but diverse methods allow substantial information to be *** electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy enables determination if bone and/or tooth tissue is *** radioimmunoassay or DNA analysis can establish the species *** analysis can assist in species determination and reveal information about thermal *** analysis with special reference to the modern bomb-curve can clarify the post-mortem *** should also be aware that DNA analysis not only can enable positive identification but assist in the evaluation of sex and age at death.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic anthropology fragments radiocarbon

the potential of berries to serve as selective inhibitors of pathogens and promoters of beneficial microorganisms

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Food Quality and Safety 2017年第1期1卷 3-12页

作者： Alison Lacombe Vivian C.h.wu School of Graduate Studies and Research National University of Natural MedicinePortlandOregon ProduceSafety and Microbiology Research Unit Western Regional Research CenterAgricultural Research ServiceUnitedStates Department of AgricultureAlbanyCaliforniaUSA

OBJECtIVES:Berries are distinct from other foods because of their unique compounds with bioprotective effects and antimicrobial/prebiotic *** new knowledge of how these unique phytochemicals differentially affect microbial communities,inhibit foodborne pathogens,and conserve beneficial species,the health claims associated with berries can be further *** review explores components of berries that have antimicrobial or prebiotic properties and incorporates new knowledge gained from both in vitro and in vivo ***:With the continued research efforts,antimicrobials and prebiotics derived from berries may provide an alternative to synthetic preservatives and antibiotics in addition to providing health benefits to *** could be applied to food products or as dietary interventions through elucidating which compounds have antimicrobial properties and how ph and nutrient condition impact their *** addition,these compounds can be added to foods with beneficial microorganisms with minimal impact on their probiotic viability.

关键词： berries probiotics pathogens