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Advances in oral mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in health and disease

Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 346-357页

作者： Huanyu Luo Anahid Ahmadi Birjandi Feilong Ren tianmeng sun Paul t.Sharpe Hongchen sun Zhengwen An Department of Oral Biology Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingSchool and Hospital of StomatologyJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130021China Faculty of Dentistry Oral&Craniofacial SciencesCentre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE19RTUK Department of Oral Pathology Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingSchool and Hospital of StomatologyJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130021China

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are nano-size vesicles secreted naturally by all cells into the extracellular space and have been recognized as important cell-cell mediators in multicel-lular organisms.EVs contain nucleic acids,proteins,lipids,and other cellular components,regulating many basic biological processes and playing an important role in regenerative med-icine and diseases.EVs can be traced to their cells of origin and exhibit a similar function.Moreover,EVs demonstrate low immunogenicity,good biocompatibility,and fewer side ef-fects,compared to their parent cells.Mesenchymal stem cells(MsCs)are one of the most important resource cells for EVs,with a great capacity for self-renewal and multipotent differ-entiation,and play an essential role in stem cell therapy.the mechanism of MsC therapy was thought to be attributed to the differentiation of MsCs after targeted migration,as previously noted.However,emerging evidence shows the previously unknown role of MsC-derived para-crine factors in stem cell therapy.Especially EVs derived from oral tissue MSCs(OMSC-EVs),show more advantages than those of all other MsCs in tissue repair and regeneration,due to their lower invasiveness and easier accessibility for sample collection.Here,we systematically review the biogenesis and biological characteristics of OMSC-EVs,as well as the role of OMsC-EVs in intercellular communication.Furthermore,we discuss the potential therapeutic roles of OMSC-EVs in oral and systemic diseases.We highlight the current challenges and future directions of OMSC-EVs to focus more attention on clinical translation.We aim to provide valuable insights for the explorative clinical application of OMSC-EVs.

关键词： Disease Extracellular vesicles Oral tissue MSC therapeutic application tissue regeneration

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Enhancing strength and ductility of AlSi10Mg fabricated by selective laser melting by tiB_(2)nanoparticles

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2022年第14期109卷 254-266页

作者： Y.K.Xiao H.Chen Z.Y.Bian t.t.sun H.Ding Q.Yang Y.Wu Q.Lian Z.Chen H.W.Wang State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Materials Science&Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

In the metallic components fabricated by the emerging selective laser melting(SLM)technology,most strategies used for strengthening the materials sacrifice the ductility,leading to the so-called strengthductility trade-off.In the present study,we report that the strength and ductility of materials can be enhanced simultaneously by introducing nanoparticles,which can break the trade-off of the metallic materials.In the case of in-situ nano-tiB_(2)decorated AlSi10Mg composites,the introduced nanoparticles lead to columnar-to-equiaxed transition,grain refinement and texture elimination.With increasing content of nanoparticles,the strength increases continually.Significantly,the ductility first increases and then decreases.Our results show that the ductility is controlled by the competition between the crack-induced catastrophic fracture and ductile fracture associated with dislocation activities.the first increase of ductility is mainly attributed to the suppression of crack-induced catastrophic fracture when tiB_(2)nanoparticles present.With the further increase of tiB_(2)nanoparticles,the subsequent decrease of ductility is mainly controlled by dislocation activities.thus,the materials will exhibit the optimum strength and ductility combination in a certain range of tiB_(2)nanoparticles.this study clarifies the physical mechanism controlling ductility for nano-tiB_(2)decorated Al Si10Mg composites,which provides the insights for the design of structural materials.

关键词： Selective laser melting Aluminium matrix composites Ductility Mechanical behavior Dislocations Cracks

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SILICON MICRO-tRENCH EtCHING USING HIGH-DENSItY PLASMA EtCHER

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2005年第3期18卷 397-402页

作者： t.t.sun Z.G.Liu H.C.Yu M.B.Chen J.M.Miao PhysicsDepartmentofShanghaiJiaotongUniversity Shanghai200240China／／MicromachineCenterSchoolofMechanicalandProductionEngineeringNanyangTechnologicalUniversity639798Singapore PhysicsDepartmentofShanghaiJiaotongUniversity Shanghai200240China MicromachineCenter SchoolofMechanicalandProductionEngineeringNanyangTechnologicalUniversity639798Singapore

Dry etching of silicon is an essential process step for the fabrication of Micro electromechancal system (MEMS). the AZ7220 positive photo-resist was used as the etching mask and silicon micro-trenches were fabricated with a multiplexed indu ctively coupled plasma (ICP) etcher. the influence of resist pattern profile, an d etch condition on sidewall roughness were investigated detail. the results sho w that the sidewall roughness of micro-trench depends on profiles of photo-resis t pattern, the initial interface between the resist bottom surface and silicon s urface heavily. the relationship between roughness and process optimization para meters are presented in the paper. the roughness of the sidewall has been decrea sed to a 20-50nm with this experiment.

关键词： deep RIE silicon etching micro-trench photo-resist

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Organic thin-film transistors and related devices in life and health monitoring

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 426-444页

作者： Chenfang sun tie Wang tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug targeting and Bioimaging Life and Health Intelligent Research InstituteTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China

the early determination of disease-related biomarkers can significantly improve the survival rate of patients.thus,a series of explorations for new diagnosis technologies,such as optical and electrochemical methods,have been devoted to life and health monitoring.Organic thin-film transistor(OtFt),as a state-of-the-art nano-sensing technology,has attracted significant attention from construction to application owing to the merits of being label-free,low-cost,facial,and rapid detection with multi-parameter responses.Nevertheless,interference from non-specific adsorption is inevitable in complex biological samples such as body liquid and exhaled gas,so the reliability and accuracy of the biosensor need to be further improved while ensuring sensitivity,selectivity,and stability.Herein,we overviewed the composition,mechanism,and construction strategies of OtFts for the practical determination of disease-related biomarkers in both body fluids and exhaled gas.the results show that the realization of bio-inspired applications will come true with the rapid development of high-effective OtFts and related devices.

关键词： organic thin-film transistors biosensors biomarkers organic bioelectronics organic semiconductors healthcare

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Soil nutrient stoichiometric ratios and their influencing factors in mountainous areas of the Ili River Valley

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Zhongshan Daxue Xuebao/Acta Scientiarum Natralium Universitatis sunyatseni 2024年第3期63卷 60-70页

作者： Yang H. sun H. tian Z. Liu t. Wu F. Jin X. School of Geography and tourism Xinjiang Normal University Urumqi 830054 China College of Life Science Xinjiang Normal University Urumqi 830054 China

Studying the soil stoichiometric ratios and the influencing factors of different altitude gradients in mountain ecosystems in arid zones is significant in revealing the soil nutrient status and maintaining the sustainable development of mountain ecosystems. In this paper, 13 sample plots were established along the elevation gradient in the mountains of the southern Ili River Valley, and soil in the depth of 0-20 cm was studied to investigate nutrient stoichiometric ratios and their influencing factors. the results showed that: (1) Soil acidity gradually increased with elevation. Organic carbon and total nitrogen contents are significantly higher in the middle and high mountain belts than in the low mountain belts, while total phosphorus and total potassium contents are opposite. (2) Due to altitudinal differences, the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio is significantly higher in the mid-alpine belt than in the low and alpine belts; carbon and phosphorus ratios are significantly higher in the middle and high mountain belts than in the middle and low mountain belts; carbon and potassium ratios are significantly higher in the middle and high mountain belts than in the low mountain belts; nitrogen-phosphorus ratios are higher in the alpine zone, but there is no major difference between the transition zone and the low mountain zone; nitrogen-potassium ratios are much higher in the alpine zone, whereas there is no significant difference between the mid-alpine zone and the transition zone; the differences of phosphorus/potassium ratios between altitudinal gradients are ignorable. (3) the dominant factors affecting the stoichiometric ratios of soil physicochemical indicators are soil organic carbon (62.4%), total phosphorus (15.9%), and total carbon (13.7%); while the major environmental factors are mean annual soil temperature (27.1%), vegetation index (11.2%), elevation (12.3%), and mean annual atmospheric temperature (3.4%). the study showed that the physicochemical indicators have an important influence on the soil stoichiomet

关键词： Ili River valley mountains impact factor soil nutrients stoichiometric ratio

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Effects of Sterilization treatments on the Compositions and Functions of Microflora on Duck Eggshell Inner and Outer Surfaces

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Modern Food Science and technology 2024年第5期40卷 53-63页

作者： sun J. Peng X. Yang X. Yang H. Lu L. Hu t. Xiang J. Zeng t. Pi J. Du J. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan 430064 China Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hangzhou 310009 China Hubei tianhu Egg Poultry Co. Ltd. Jianli 433300 China Hubei Shendan Healthy Food Co. Ltd. Wuhan 430200 China

the effects of sterilization treatments on the microbial compositions on both the inner and outer surfaces of duck eggshells and the ratio of black to yellow salted egg yolks were investigated in this study. Duck eggs were fumigated and cleaned with different fumigants and cleaning agents, and then stored at different temperatures. Changes in the total number of bacteria on duck eggshell inner and outer surfaces before and after treatments were subsequently compared. the effects of sterilization on the microflora on duck eggshell outer surfaces were evaluated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and PICRUSt gene function prediction. Salted duck eggs were prepared using the mud-packing method at 35 ℃, and the ratio of black to yellow salted egg yolks was calculated. the results show that fumigation significantly inhibits the migration of bacterial colonies from the outer to inner surfaces of the eggshells, effectively controlling the total number of bacteria inside the shell. two fumigation treatments increase efficacy relative to one. total bacteria on the outer surface can be reduced to below the detection limit by cleaning. Low-temperature storage can limit bacterial proliferation on both inner and outer eggshell surfaces over 7 days. total bacteria numbers on both inner and outer surfaces can be significantly reduced by combining fumigation, cleaning, and low-temperature storage. these processes also inhibit bacterial migration, tightly controlling the total bacteria inside the eggshell. 16S rRNA gene sequencing demonstrates a notable reduction in the proportion of Proteobacteria and Psychrobacter on the outer surface of the shell following sterilization treatments. Additionally, PICRUSt gene function prediction indicates a significant decrease in microbial activity within pathways associated with lipid oxidation, amino acid transport, and metabolism after sterilization treatments. Sterilization also significantly reduces the ratio of black to yellow salted egg yolks. these studies illustrate that sterilization trea

关键词： duck eggs function prediction high-throughput sequencing ratio of black to yellow salted egg yolks sterilization

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Substrate screening for superclean graphene growth using firstprinciples calculations

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2216-2222页

作者： Zhihao Li Xiucai sun Xiaoli sun Wan-Jian Yin Zhongfan Liu College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS(SIEMIS)and Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy TechnologiesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Graphene Basic Science Research Center Beijing Graphene Institute(BGI)Beijing 100095China Center for Nanochemistry Beijing Science and Engineering Center for NanocarbonsBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular ScienceCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Suppressing the formation of amorphous surface carbon and contaminants during the preparation of graphene by chemical vapor deposition remains an ongoing issue.Herein,we analyzed how substrate characteristics affect graphene quality by simulating margin extension,the nucleation process,and defect pegging configurations on mono-crystalline oriented metal substrates with the aim of enhancing graphene cleanliness.Defect formation energy and nucleation potential,which are indirect substrate–graphene interaction features,were found to appropriately evaluate graphene quality.the crystallographic orientation of the metal substrate was discovered to be critical for producing superclean graphene.A low graphene defect density and high nucleation rate on the Cu(100)facet guarantee growth of high-quality graphene,especially in terms of suppressing the formation of amorphous carbon.In addition,rapid kink growth and self-healing on the Cu(100)facet facilitate rapid graphene synthesis,which is also promoted by rapid kink splicing and margin self-repair on this facet.this study provides theoretical insight useful for the synthesis of superclean graphene.

关键词： superclean graphene defects nucleation metal substrates density functional theory calculations

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Improved twin Support Vector Machine Algorithm and Applications in Classification Problems

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China Communications 2024年第5期21卷 261-279页

作者： sun Yi Wang Zhouyang Beijing University of Posts and telecommunications School of Computer Science(National Pilot Software Engineering School) Beijing University of Posts and telecommunications International School

the distribution of data has a significant impact on the results of classification.When the distribution of one class is insignificant compared to the distribution of another class,data imbalance occurs.this will result in rising outlier values and noise.therefore,the speed and performance of classification could be greatly affected.Given the above problems,this paper starts with the motivation and mathematical representing of classification,puts forward a new classification method based on the relationship between different classification formulations.Combined with the vector characteristics of the actual problem and the choice of matrix characteristics,we firstly analyze the orderly regression to introduce slack variables to solve the constraint problem of the lone point.then we introduce the fuzzy factors to solve the problem of the gap between the isolated points on the basis of the support vector machine.We introduce the cost control to solve the problem of sample skew.Finally,based on the bi-boundary support vector machine,a twostep weight setting twin classifier is constructed.this can help to identify multitasks with feature-selected patterns without the need for additional optimizers,which solves the problem of large-scale classification that can’t deal effectively with the very low category distribution gap.

关键词： fuzzy ordered regression(OR) relaxing variables twin support vector machine

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targeted drug approvals in 2023:breakthroughs by the FDA and NMPA

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Signal transduction and targeted therapy 2024年第3期9卷 813-821页

作者： Lang Zheng Wenjing Wang Qiu sun Department of Biotherapy Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China West China Medical Publishers West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

According to the official website of China’s National Medicines and Pharmaceutical Administration(NMPA),a total of 87 novel drugs were approved in China in 2023,with targeted drugs accounting for 67.8%of the total,amounting to 59 drugs(Fig.1a;table 1)[https://***/yaopin/ypjgdt/index.html].Notably,domestic innovation is flourishing,with five first-in-class drugs,including Glumetinib,a c-Met inhibitor from Haihe Biopharma;Leritrelvir,a 3CL protease inhibitor from Raynovent;Anaprazole,a proton pump inhibitor from Xuanzhu Biopharm;Pegol-Sihematide,an EPO drug from Hansoh Pharma;and Zuberitamab from BioRay Biopharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.Additionally,the world’s first allosteric inhibitor targeting tYK2,Sotyktu(deucravacitinib),has been approved for the treatment of psoriasis and Selumetinib,a MEK inhibitor co-developed by AstraZeneca and Merck Sharp&Dohme(MSD),became the first approved drug in China for the treatment of neurofibromatosis type I(NF1).Beyond these drugs,the approval of novel drug types such as CAR-t cell products,siRNA,monoclonal antibodies,dual antibodies,and ADCs in China is a significant development in the country’s pharmaceutical industry(Fig.1a).

关键词： drugs Merck approval

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Navigating Epstein–Barr virus autoimmunity:role of NK cells and t cells in multiple sclerosis

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Signal transduction and targeted therapy 2024年第3期9卷 833-835页

作者： Chu Xie Cong sun Mu-Sheng Zeng State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for CancerGuangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and TherapySun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouP.R.China

In a recent study published in Cell,Vietzen and colleagues discovered the novel role of natural killer(NK)cells and EBVspecific CD8+t cell response in controlling EBV-inducing autoimmune response and collectively def... 详细信息

关键词： Epstein sclerosis killer

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