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Strategies to tackle the challenges of external beam radiotherapy for liver tumors

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第14期9卷 645-656页

作者： Michael I lock Jonathan Klein Hans t Chung Joseph M Herman Edward Y Kim William Small Nina A Mayr Simon S Lo Department of Radiation Oncology London Regional Cancer ProgramUniversity of Western Ontario Department of Radiation Oncology Odette Cancer CentreSunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Department of Radiation Oncology the University of Texas Department of Radiation Oncology University of Washington School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology Loyola University Medical Center

Primary and metastatic liver cancer is an increasingly common and difficult to control disease *** offers a non-invasive treatment alternative for these patients who often have few options and a poor ***,the anatomy and aggressiveness of liver cancer poses significant challenges such as accurate localization at simulation and treatment,management of motion and appropriate selection of dose *** article aims to review the options available and provide information for the practical implementation and/or improvement of liver cancer radiation programs within the context of stereotactic body radiotherapy and image-guided radiotherapy *** patient inclusion and exclusion criteria are presented given the significant toxicity found in certain sub-populations treated with ***,certain sub-populations,such as those with tumor thrombosis or those with larger lesions treated with transarterial chemoembolization,have been shown to have significant improvements in outcome with the addition of radiation and merit special *** a liver radiation programrequires three primary challenges to be addressed:(1) immobilization and motion management;(2) localization;and(3) dose regimen and constraint *** to deal with motion include simple internal target volume(ItV) expansions,non-gated ItV reduction strategies,breath hold methods,and surrogate marker methods to enable gating or *** of the tumor and organs-at-risk are addressed using contrast infusion techniques to take advantage of different normal liver and cancer vascular anatomy,imaging modalities,and margin ***,a dose response has been demonstrated and dose regimens appear to be converging.A more uniform approach to treatment in terms of technique,dose selection and patient selection will allow us to study liver radiation in larger and,hopefully,multicenter randomized studies.

关键词： Hepatocellular 癌肝转移 4DCt 指导图象的放射疗法 Stereotactic 身体放射治疗

应用迭代重建法降低Ct评价尿路结石的剂量:一组前瞻性个体内对比研究

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国际医学放射学杂志 2018年第2期 236-237页

作者： A.M.den Harder M.J.Willemink P.J.van Doormaal F.J.Wessels M.t.W.t.lock A.M.R.Schilham 韩雨 Department of Radiology Utrecht University Medical Center

摘要目的评估混合迭代重建(HIR)和基于模型的迭代重建(MIR)在尿石症低剂量Ct扫描中的应用价值。方法收集20例进行腹部Ct平扫检查的尿石症病人。行常规剂量扫

关键词：尿路结石 MIR 迭代重建 FBP 尿石症 Ct

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这些方法让你成为人生赢家

北方人 2014年第8期 40-40页

作者： ryan JAMES lock

如果你想改变你人生中的某一方面,不管是去创业还是减肥或者移民,以下8条建议都能帮助你达到你的目标,得到自己想要的,最终成为一名人生赢家。不要在意他人的眼光我知道不去顾及他人的眼光是一件很难的事。

关键词：不知道少说多做虚心求教改变自己

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万事通奥利佛之寻狗记

空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2020年第9期 21-23,52页

作者： John ryan 不详

奥利佛•沛吉敲了敲他朋友乔安娜所住公寓的门,乔安娜打开门。“谢谢你这么快就赶过来,”她说。奥利佛踏进门,环顾四周“你的小毛球不见了?”他问。“是啊,”乔安娜说,“有人趁我去转角商店的时候抓走了我的小狗。我只去了20分钟,当时小... 详细信息

奥利佛•沛吉敲了敲他朋友乔安娜所住公寓的门,乔安娜打开门。“谢谢你这么快就赶过来,”她说。奥利佛踏进门,环顾四周“你的小毛球不见了?”他问。“是啊,”乔安娜说,“有人趁我去转角商店的时候抓走了我的小狗。我只去了20分钟,当时小毛球在外面的阳台上。唉,我为什么没有锁门呢?”乔安娜指向桌上的一张纸。

关键词：乔安娜公寓阳台

Nonplanar flow-induced vibrations of a cantilevered PIP structure system concurrently subjected to internal and cross flows

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2019年第6期35卷 1241-1256页

作者： Z.Y.Liu t.L.Jiang L.Wang H.L.Dai Department of Mechanics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Hubei Key Laboratory for Engineering Structural Analysis and Safety Assessment Wuhan 430074China

Pipe-in-pipe(PIP)structures are widely used in offshore oil and gas pipelines to settle thermal insulation issues.A PIP structure system usually consists of two concentric pipes and one softer layer for thermal insulation *** total response of the system is related to the dynamics of both pipes and the interactions between these two concentric *** the current work,a theoretical model for flow-induced vibrations of a PIP structure system is proposed and analyzed in the presence of an internal axial flow and an external cross *** interactions between the two pipes are modeled by a linear distributed damper,a linear distributed spring and a nonlinear distributed spring along the pipe *** unsteady hydrodynamic forces due to cross flow are modeled by two distributed van der Pol wake *** nonlinear partial differential equations for the two pipes and the wake are further discretized by the aid of Galerkin’s technique,resulting in a set of ordinary differential *** ordinary differential equations are further numeri cally solved by using a fourth-order Runge-Kutta integration *** portraits,bifurcation diagrams,an Argand diagram and oscillation shape diagrams are plotted,showing the existence of a lock-in phenomenon and figure-of-eight *** PIP system subjected to cross flow displays some interesting dynamical behaviors different from that of a single-pipe structure.

关键词： Cantilevered PIP structure theoretical model Flow-induced vibration Cross flow Internal flow

Frequency synthesis of forced opto-electronic oscillators at the X-band

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Chinese Optics Letters 2017年第1期15卷 40-44页

作者： t. Sun Li. Zhang A. K. Poddar U. L. Rohde A. S. Daryoush Department of ECE Drexel University Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Synergy Microwave Corp. Paterson NJ 07504 USA

Ultra-low phase noise performance is required for frequency agile local oscillators, which are the core for high resolution imagers, spectrum analyzers, and high speed data communications. A forced opto-electronic oscillator （OEO） benefits from frequency stabilization techniques for realizing a clean and low phase noise source at micro- wave and millimeter wave frequencies. Forced oscillation techniques of self-injection locking and self-phase lock loop are combined to provide an ultra-low oscillator phase noise both close-in and far-away from the carrier frequency, while a tunable yttrium iron garnet microwave filter combined with a wavelength tuned transversal filter are employed to implement both coarse and fine frequency tuning for a tunable X-band OEO. A phase noise of -137 dBc/Hz at an offset frequency of 10 kHz is achieved covering the frequencies of 9 to 11 GHz with a fine frequency tuning resolution of 44 Hz/pm and coarse tuning of 25 MHz/mA. Moreover, the long term stability of the output signal is tested, and a maximum frequency drift of 2 kHz is measured within 60 min for the X-band synthesizer.

关键词： Fiber optics links and subsystems Radio frequency photonics Oscillators

基于实体流模型注射成型的高效模拟及实验验证

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中国塑料 2006年第5期20卷 53-58页

作者：成志强 Barriere t 柳葆生 Gelin J C 西南交通大学应用力学系 Labratoire de Mechanic Applique R Chaleat University of Franche-Comte24 Chemin de l’épitaphe25000 BesanconFrance

基于笔者在欧拉描述下模拟注射填充过程的显式算法,应用实体流模型实现了用于注塑填充过程的全矢量化运算显式算法。此算法通过反馈修正的方式来满足不可压缩条件,从而避免了压力场的全局求解。矩阵操作仅在单元一级进行,使计算代价与... 详细信息

基于笔者在欧拉描述下模拟注射填充过程的显式算法,应用实体流模型实现了用于注塑填充过程的全矢量化运算显式算法。此算法通过反馈修正的方式来满足不可压缩条件,从而避免了压力场的全局求解。矩阵操作仅在单元一级进行,使计算代价与节点的自由度近似成正比,实现了填充模拟的高效运算。应用新算法和MINI单元的算法对同一模型进行注塑过程的模拟,通过比较两种算法的计算时间,证实了新算法的高效性;通过比较另一典型模型的计算模拟结果和相应的实验结果,验证了新算法的有效性。

关键词：注塑填充实体流模型矢量化算法有限单元法实验验证

Modal Inter-Comparisons between North Atlantic Accumulated Cyclone Energy and the Atlantic Multi-Decadal Oscillation, and the Pathology of the 2013 Hurricane Season

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Natural Science 2014年第8期6卷 597-604页

作者： tingzhuang Yan Shaowu Bao Leonard J. Pietrafesa Paul t. Gayes School of Coastal & Marine Systems Science Coastal Carolina University Conway USA

It is a community wide belief that the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO) and the Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE) are strongly positively correlated and in lock-step for the characterization of a tropical cyclone (tC)—hurricane season;including how many named tCs will form and how many will become hurricanes and major hurricanes [1]-[4]. In this paper, we decompose the AMO and ACE time series into their internal modes of variability using the Hilbert-Huang transform REF _Ref386094582 \r \h [5] and the Ensemble Empirical Modal Decomposition (EEMD) REF _Ref386094585 \r \h [6], and look into the relationships that exist between the individual corresponding modes of the AMO and the ACE. We then evaluate the degrees of frequency domain correlations between the internal modes of variability of the AMO and the ACE across the entire record length time series. the 2013 North Atlantic Hurricane Season, which had been predicted to be “above normal”, with an ACE estimated to be between 122 and 138 by the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), turned out to be one of the quietest on record. the actual 2013 observed ACE was only 33 (unit: 104 kn2) or 29% of the 65 year (1948-2012) average of 103 (with a median of 89.5) and is the 5th lowest value since 1950. Following the visual correlations between the ACE and the AMO in the past, and assuming past is prologue to the future, the “above normal” forecast of the ACE led to a tropical cyclone community wide forecast of a highly active 2013 hurricane season. So why the busted 2013 forecast? this study will address the possible reasons.

关键词： North Atlantic Hurricanes Season ACE AMO EEMD IMF Mode

Astigmatic correction with implantation of a light adjustable vs monofocal lens: a single site analysis of a randomized controlled trial

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第7期12卷 1101-1107页

作者： Majid Moshirfar William D.Wagner Steven H.Linn David F.Skanchy tanner W.Brown Aaron t.Gomez Jackson L.Goldberg Yasmyne C.Ronquillo Phillip C.Hoopes Jr. HDR Research Center Hoopes VisionDraper UT 84020USA John A. Moran Eye Center Department of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUT 84132USA Utah Lions Eye Bank MurrayUT 84107USA Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine RichmondVA23298USA McGovem Medical School at the University of texas Health Science Center HoustonTX77030USA the University of texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine EdinburgTX78539USA

AIM: to evaluate the light adjustable lens (LAL) vs a standard monofocal lens in achieving target astigmatic refraction and improving postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA).MEtHODS: this randomized controlled clinical trial included 40 patients with pre-existing astigmatism and visually significant cataract. twenty-eight patients received the LAL and 12 control patients received a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) after cataract extraction at a single institution. the patients with the LAL underwent adjustment by ultraviolet (UV) light postoperatively plus subsequent lock-in procedures and all patients returned to clinic for follow up of study parameters at 6, 9, and 12mo. Manifest refraction, distance visual acuity, and adverse events were recorded at each visit. RESULtS: the mean cylinder before adjustment in eyes with the LAL was -0.89±0.58 D (-2.00 to 0.00 D) and -0.34±0.34 D (-1.25 to 0.00 D) after lock-in (P=1.68×10^-8). the mean cylinder in patients with the monofocal lens was -1.00±0.32 D (-1.50 to -0.50 D) at 17-21d postoperatively, which was statistically different from the LAL cylinder post lock-in (P=1.43×10^-6). UDVA in the LAL group was 20/20 or better in 79% of patients post lock-in with good stability over 12mo compared with 33% of the control patients with UDVA of 20/20 or ***: these results demonstrate that the LAL is more effective in achieving target refractions and improving postoperative UDVA in patients with pre-existing corneal astigmatism than a standard monofocal lens.

关键词： light adjustable lens monofocal lens astigmatism cataract