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Broad-spectrum ginsentides are principal bioactives in unraveling the cure-all effects of ginseng

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 653-666页

作者： Shining Loo Antony Kam Bamaprasad Dutta Xiaohong Zhang Nan Feng siu Kwan Sze Chuan-Fa Liu Xiaoliang Wang James P.tam School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 637551Singapore Academy of Pharmacy Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department of Biological Sciences Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100050China Department of Health Sciences Brock UniversityNiagara RegionON L2S 3A1Canada

Stress and illness connection is complex and involves multiple physiological *** ginsengs,reputed for their broad-spectrum“cure-all”effect,are widely prescribed to treat stress and related ***,the identity of ginseng’s“cure-all”medicinal compounds that relieve stress remains ***,we identify ginsentides as the principal bioactives that coordinate multiple systems to restore homeostasis in response to *** are disulfide-rich,cell-penetrating and proteolytic-stable *** affinity-enrichment mass spectrometry target identification together with in vitro,ex vivo and in vivo validations,we show that highly purified or synthetic ginsentides promote vasorelaxation by producing nitric oxide through endothelial cells via intracellular PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,alleviate a1-adrenergic receptor overactivity by reversing phenylephrine-induced constriction of aorta,decrease monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells via CD166/ESAM/CD40 and inhibit P2Y12 receptors to reduce platelet *** administered ginsentides were effective in animal models to reduce ADP-induced platelet aggregation,to prevent collagen and adrenalineinduced pulmonary thrombosis as well as anti-stress behavior of tail suspension and forced swimming tests in ***,these results strongly suggest that ginsentides are the principal panacea compounds of ginsengs because of their ability to target multiple extra-and intra-cellular proteins to reverse stress-induced damages.

关键词： Ginseng Cysteine-rich peptides Microproteins Cure-all Stress Homeostasis

tRANSFECtIoN AND CELL FUSIoN BY FEMtoSECoND LASERS

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Journal of Innovative optical Health Sciences 2011年第2期4卷 113-125页

作者： HAo HE siu KAI KoNG KAM tAI CHAN Department of Electronic Engineering the Chinese University of Hong Kong ShatinN.T.Hong Kong Department of Biochemistry the Chinese University of Hong Kong ShatinN.T.Hong Kong

Biophotonics is an exciting and fast-expanding frontier which involves the fusion of advanced photonics and *** has not only created many novel methodologies for biomedical research,but also achieved many significant results as an *** to femtosecond(fs)laser technologies,important progresses have been made regarding the manipulation,imaging,and engineering of biological samples ranging from single molecules to tissues in the last 20 *** ultrashort pulses at near-infrared band provide many advantages:high nonlinear efficiency,low absorption by biological samples,high spatial and temporal resolution and confinement,and low *** are noninvasive and easy to *** the mechanism of how fs laser pulses interact with cells remains unclear,experimental results have shown that they could open up the cell membrane and hence made optical transfection and optical cell fusion *** this review,some of the seminal works on transfection and cell fusion by fs lasers are *** ideas behind and the experimental details will be described together with a highlight on their ***,the thermal effect is analyzed based on multiphoton excitation and plasma formation in an aqueous environment to explain the nontoxic characteristic of fs laser ***,some applications of fs laser induced transfection and cellcell fusion with potential major impact in biomedical sciences are proposed.

关键词： Biophotonics transfection cell fusion femtosecond laser

A pathophysiology-based approach to the management ot early priapism

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第1期15卷 20-26页

作者： Jason R Kovac siu K Mak Maurice M Garcia tom FLue Scott Department of Urology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX 77030 USA the Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Surgery Prince of Wales HosPital Hong Kong China Department of Urology University of California San Francisco CA 94143 USA

Priapism is a rare condition that involves persistent penile erection for greater than 4 h. Distinct variants exist, each with unique characteristics. Ischemic priapism is a painful medical emergency that may occur as a result of veno-occlusion leading to hypoxia and tissue death. Recurrent bouts of ischemic priapism, or stuttering priapism, require treatment for individual attacks as well as long-term prevention. Non-ischemic priapism is associated with trauma and may be managed conservatively. Recent advances into the pathophysiology of priapism have allowed the development of treatment algorithms that specifically target the mechanisms involved. In this review, we outline the basics of smooth muscle contraction and describe how derangement of these pathways results in priapism. A pathophysiological approach to the treatment of priapism is proposed with duration-based algorithms presented to assist in management.

关键词： algorithm ischemic management priapism t-shunt tunneling

Parallelized volumetric fluorescence microscopy with a reconfigurable coded incoherent light-sheet array

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1914-1924页

作者： Yu-Xuan Ren Jianglai Wu Queenie t.K.Lai Hei Ming Lai Dickson M.D.siu Wutian Wu Kenneth K.Y.Wong Kevin K.tsia Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongSAR 999077China Department of Physics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA School of Biomedical Sciences Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongSAR 999077China Department of Psychiatry Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongSAR 999077China GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration Jinan University601 Huangpu Avenue WestGuangzhou 510632China Re-Stem Biotechnology Suzhou 215007China

Parallelized fluorescence imaging has been a long-standing pursuit that can address the unmet need for a comprehensive three-dimensional(3D)visualization of dynamical biological processes with minimal ***,the available approaches are limited to incomplete parallelization in only two dimensions or sparse sampling in three *** hereby develop a novel fluorescence imaging approach,called coded light-sheet array microscopy(CLAM),which allows complete parallelized 3D imaging without mechanical *** the concept of an“infinity mirror”,CLAM generates a light-sheet array with controllable sheet density and degree of ***,CLAM circumvents the common complications of multiple coherent light-sheet generation in terms of dedicated wavefront engineering and mechanical dithering/***,the encoding of multiplexed optical sections in CLAM allows the synchronous capture of all sectioned images within the imaged *** demonstrate the utility of CLAM in different imaging scenarios,including a light-scattering medium,an optically cleared tissue,and microparticles in fluidic *** can maximize the signal-to-noise ratio and the spatial duty cycle,and also provides a further reduction in photobleaching compared to the major scanning-based 3D imaging *** flexible implementation of CLAM regarding both hardware and software ensures compatibility with any light-sheet imaging modality and could thus be instrumental in a multitude of areas in biological research.

关键词： scattering light mirror

Magnetoelectric and converse magnetoelectric responses in tb_xDy_(1-x)Fe_(2-y) alloy & Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(1-x)ti_xo_3 crystal laminated composites

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第14期53卷 2129-2134页

作者： JIA YanMin LUo HaoSu oR siu Wing WANG YaoJin CHAN Helen L W State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China Department of Applied Physics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

Measured results of magnetoelectric (ME) and converse magnetoelectric (CME) effects of tbxDy1-xFe2-y/ Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)(1-x)tixo3/tbxDy1-xFe2-y (tD/PMNt/tD) and PMNt/tD/PMNt laminated composites are pre- sented. ME effect was determined by measuring laminate voltage output under a Helmholtz-gener- ated AC field biased by a DC field (0―1 koe) (1 oe = 79.58 A/m). the CME effect was measured by re- cording the voltage induced in a solenoid encompassing the ME sample while exposed to a DC bias field and PMNt layer driven by a 10 V AC source. the ME and CME responses in the two laminated structure are linear. the highest values of ME coefficients in tD/PMNt/tD and PMNt/tD/PMNt com- posites are 384 mV/oe and 158 mV/oe, respectively, while the highest values of CME coefficients in the two composites are 118 mG/V and 162 mG/V (1 G=10-4 t), respectively.

关键词：磁电效应压电性复合材料合金晶体结构

Engineering advanced dynamic biomaterials to optimize adoptive t-cell immunotherapy

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Engineered Regeneration 2021年第1期2卷 70-81页

作者： Wai Ki Wong Bohan Yin Anel Rakhmatullina Jingying Zhou siu Hong Dexter Wong Department of Bioengineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUnited Kingdom Department of Biomedical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina School of Biomedical Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong KongChina

Adoptive t-cell therapy(ACt)is a promising therapeutic approach based on the concept of potent t-cell mediated immunity against the *** outcome of antigen-specific t-cells responses relies on the interaction between t-cells and antigen-presenting cells,which provides signals for generating different t-cell phenotypes with different roles in tumor ***,such interaction is often not optimal in vivo and results in low therapeutic *** reach the full potential of the t-cell response,current research put effort into developing dynamic biomaterials as artificial antigen-presenting cells to study and regulate the t-cell activity for controlling t-cell *** this perspective,we provide(1)an overview of ACt and general t-cells behaviors,(2)explore the insight on how biomaterials can be used for studying and regulating t-cell behaviors,(3)and discuss conceptual gaps in knowledge for biomaterials-based immunotherapy.

关键词： t-cell mechanobiology Dynamic nanobiomaterials Adoptive t-cell immunotherapy t-Ligand presentation

Interpretable prediction of drug-cell line response by triple matrix factorization

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Quantitative Biology 2021年第4期9卷 426-439页

作者： Xiao-Ying Yan Shao-Wu Zhang siu-Ming Yiu Jian-Yu Shi Key Laboratory of Information Fusion technology of Ministry of Education School of AutomationNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China College of Computer Science Xi’an Shiyou UniversityXi’an 710065China Department of Computer Science The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China School of Life Sciences Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Background:one of the challenges in personalized medicine is to determine specific drugs and their dosages for patient individuals who are undergoing a common *** technique of cell lines provides a safe approach to capture the drug responses of patient individuals when given specific drugs with varied ***,it is still costly to determine drug responses in cells w.r.t dosages by biological *** methods provide a promising screening to infer possible drug responses in the cells of patient individuals on a large ***,existing computational approaches are insufficient to interpret the underlying reason for drug ***:In this work,we propose an interpretable model for analyzing and predicting drug responses across cell *** proposed model bridges drug features(e.g.f chemical structure fingerprints),cell features(e.g.f gene expression profiles),and drug responses across cells(measured by IC50)by a triple matrix factorization(tMF),such that the underlying reason for drug responses in specific cells is possibly ***'.the comparison with state-of-the-art computational approaches demonstrates the superiority of our *** importantly,a case study of drug responses in lung-related cell lines shows its interpretable ability to find out highly occurring drug substructures,crucial mutated genes,as well as significant pairs between substructures and mutated genes in terms of drug sensitivity and ***:tMF is an effective and interpretable approach for predicting cell lines responses to drugs,and can dig out crucial pairs of chemical substructures and genes,which uncovers the underlying reason for drug responses in specific cells.

关键词： drug response drug sensitivity drug resistance triple matrix factorization

Versatile and scalable chemical vapor deposition of vertically aligned Mote2 on reusable Mo foils

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Nano Research 2020年第9期13卷 2371-2377页

作者： Jinjun Lin Hong Wang Roland Yingjie tay Hongling Li Maziar Shakerzadeh siu Hon tsang Zheng Liu Edwin Hang tong teo School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore temasek Laboratories@NtU 50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore

Layered Mote2 has shown great promises for optoelectronics and energy-storage applications due to its exceptional optical and electrochemical *** date,considerable efforts have been devoted to fabricating layered Mote2 with lateral orientation by means of mechanical/chemical exfoliation and chemical vapor deposition(CVD)*** compared to its horizontal counterparts,vertically aligned Mote2 with higher density of active edge sites is expected to possess unique optoelectronic and electrochemical properties,while which has not been reported *** this work,we report a versatile and scalable CVD growth of vertically aligned Mote2 with length of up to〜7.5 fjm on Mo ***,the dominant phase of the vertically aligned Mote2 can be tuned from 2H to 1t’by increasing the growth temperature from 630 to *** to the weak interaction between the as-grown Mote2 and Mo foil,the as-grown Mote2 can be easily detached from the Mo *** in turn enabled economic reuse of the Mo foil for multiple ***,the vertical growth of the Mote2 is proposed to be caused by the internal strain generated during tellurization of Mo ***,the as-grown Mote2 can also be directly dispersed in solvent to produce high-quality Mote2 *** versatility of this growth strategy was further demonstrated by fabricating other vertically aligned transition metal chalcogenides(tMDs)such as tate2 and ***,this work paves the path towards achieving unique tMDs structures to enable high-performance optoelectronic and electrochemical devices.

关键词： molybdenum dltelluride chemical vapor deposition vertical growth reusable substrate

Acquisition repeatability of MRI radiomics features in the head and neck:a dual-3D-sequence multi-scan study

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2022年第1期5卷 115-127页

作者： Cindy Xue Jing Yuan Yihang Zhou oi Lei Wong Kin Yin Cheung siu Ki Yu Research Department Hong Kong Sanatorium&HospitalHong KongChina Medical Physics Department Hong Kong Sanatorium&HospitalHong KongChina

Radiomics has increasingly been investigated as a potential biomarker in quantitative imaging to facilitate personalized diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer(HNC),a group of malignancies associated with high ***,the feature reliability of radiomics is a major obstacle to its broad validity and generality in application to the highly heterogeneous head and neck(HN)*** particular,feature repeatability of radiomics in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)acquisition,which is considered a crucial confounding factor of radiomics feature reliability,is still sparsely *** study prospectively investigated the acquisition repeatability of 93 MRI radiomics features in ten HN tissues of 15 healthy volunteers,aiming for potential magnetic resonance-guided radiotherapy(MRgRt)treatment of *** subject underwent four MRI acquisitions with MRgRt treatment position and immobilization using two pulse sequences of 3D t1-weighed turbo spin-echo and 3D t2-weighed turbo spin-echo on a 1.5t MRI *** repeatability of radiomics feature acquisition was evaluated in terms of the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC),whereas within-subject acquisition variability was evaluated in terms of the coefficient of variation(CV).the results showed that MRI radiomics features exhibited heterogeneous acquisition variability and uncertainty dependent on feature types,tissues,and pulse *** a small fraction of features showed excellent acquisition repeatability(ICC>0.9)and low within-subject *** MRI scans improved the accuracy and confidence of the identification of reliable features concerning MRI acquisition compared to simple test-retest repeated *** study contributes to the literature on the reliability of radiomics features with respect to MRI acquisition and the selection of reliable radiomics features for use in modeling in future HNC MRgRt applications.

关键词： Radiomics Magnetic resonance guided radiotherapy Head and neck Repeatability Intraclass correlation coefficient