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An Optimized Deep-Learning-Based Low Power Approximate Multiplier Design

Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第2期44卷 1647-1657页

作者： M.Usharani B.Sakthivel S.Gayathri Priya t.nagalakshmi J.Shirisha Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Er.Perunal Manimekalai College of EngineeringKonneripalliHosur635117India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Pandian Saraswathi Yadav Engineering CollegeSivagangaiTamilnadu630561India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering R.M.D Engineering CollegeGummidipundiTamilnadu601206India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramGuntur522502India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Malla Reddy Engineering CollegeHyderabadTelangana500015India

Approximate computing is a popularﬁeld for low power consumption that is used in several applications like image processing,video processing,multi-media and data *** Approximate computing is majorly performed with an arithmetic circuit particular with a *** multiplier is the most essen-tial element used for approximate computing where the power consumption is majorly based on its *** are several researchers are worked on the approximate multiplier for power reduction for a few decades,but the design of low power approximate multiplier is not so *** seems a bigger challenge for digital industries to design an approximate multiplier with low power and minimum error rate with higher *** overcome these issues,the digital circuits are applied to the Deep Learning(DL)approaches for higher *** recent times,DL is the method that is used for higher learning and prediction accuracy in severalﬁ***,the Long Short-term Memory(LStM)is a popular time series DL method is used in this work for approximate *** provide an optimal solution,the LStM is combined with a meta-heuristics Jel-lyﬁsh search optimisation technique to design an input aware deep learning-based approximate multiplier(DLAM).In this work,the jelly optimised LStM model is used to enhance the error metrics performance of the Approximate *** optimal hyperparameters of the LStM model are identiﬁed by jelly search ***ﬁne-tuning is used to obtain an optimal solution to perform an LStM with higher *** proposed pre-trained LStM model is used to generate approximate design libraries for the different truncation levels as a func-tion of area,delay,power and error *** experimental results on an 8-bit multiplier with an image processing application shows that the proposed approx-imate computing multiplier achieved a superior area and power reduction with very good results on error rates.

关键词： Deep learning approximate multiplier LStM jellyﬁsh

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Performance Analysis of Breast Cancer Detection Method Using ANFIS Classification Approach

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第1期44卷 501-517页

作者： K.nagalakshmi Dr.S.Suriya Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sethu Institute of TechnologyVirudhunagar626115Tamil NaduIndia Department of Computer Science and Engineering PSG College of TechnologyCoimbatore641004Tamil NaduIndia

Breast cancer is one of the deadly diseases prevailing in *** detection and diagnosis might prevent the death *** diagnosis of breast cancer remains a significant challenge,and early diagnosis is essential to avoid the most severe manifestations of the *** existing systems have computational complexity and classification accuracy problems over various breast cancer *** order to overcome the above-mentioned issues,this work introduces an efficient classification and segmentation ***,there is a requirement for developing a fully automatic methodology for screening the cancer *** paper develops a fully automated method for breast cancer detection and segmenta-tion utilizing Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System(ANFIS)classification *** proposed technique comprises preprocessing,feature extraction,classifications,and segmentation ***,the wavelet-based enhancement method has been employed as the preprocessing *** texture and statistical features have been extracted from the enhanced ***,the ANFIS classification algorithm is used to classify the mammogram image into normal,benign,and malignant ***,morphological processing is performed on malignant mam-mogram images to segment cancer *** analysis and comparisons are made with conventional *** experimental result proves that the pro-posed ANFIS algorithm provides better classification performance in terms of higher accuracy than the existing algorithms.

关键词： Breast cancer detection segmentation classification malignant

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Region Centric GL Feature Approximation Based Secure Routing for Improved QoS in MANEt

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第4期36卷 267-280页

作者： S.Soundararajan R.Prabha M.Baskar t.J.nagalakshmi Velammal Institute of technology Tamilnadu601204India Sri Sairam Institute of technology Tamilnadu600044India SRM Institute of Science and technology ChengapattuTamilnadu603203India Saveetha School of Engineering Tamilnadu600124India

Secure routing in Mobile Adhoc Network(Manet)is the key issue now a day in providing secure access to different network *** mobile devices are used in accessing different services,performing secure routing becomes a challenging *** this,different approaches exist whichﬁnd the trusted route based on their previous transmission details and behavior of different ***,the methods focused on trust measurement based on tiny information obtained from local nodes or with global information which are ***-ever,the adversary nodes are more capable and participate in each transmission not just to steal the data also to generate numerous threats in degrading QoS(Quality of Service)parameters like throughput,packet delivery ratio,and latency of the *** encourages us in designing efﬁcient routing scheme to max-imize QoS *** solve this issue,a two stage trust veriﬁcation scheme and secure routing algorithm named GL-trust(Global-Local-trust)is *** method involves in route discovery as like popular AODV(Adaptive On-demand Distance Vector)which upgrades the protocol to collect other information like transmission supported,successful transmissions,energy,mobility,the num-ber of neighbors,and the number of alternate route to the same destination and so ***,the method would perform global trust approximation to measure the value of global trust and perform local trust approximation to measure local *** both the measures,the method would select a optimal route to perform *** protocol is designed to perform localized route selection when there is a link failure which supports the achievement of higher QoS *** incorporating different features in measuring trust value towards secure routing,the proposed GL-trust scheme improves the performance of secure routing as well as other QoS factors.

关键词： MANEt secure routing two stage trust GL-trust quality of service

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Magnetocaloric and magneto-transport properties of Gd_(10)Co_(20)Si_(70) alloy

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Journal of Rare Earths 2019年第1期37卷 74-79,M0004页

作者： t.P.Rashid K.Arun Ivan Curlik Sergej Ilkovic Marian Reiffers ANDrea Dzubinska R.nagalakshmi Intermetallics and Non-Linear Optics Laboratory Department of Physics National Institute of Technology(India) Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences Presov University Faculty of Natural Sciences P.J.Safarik University

We report the results of magnetic, thermodynamic, transport and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) studies of newly synthesized Gd_(10)Co_(20)Si_(70) alloy. these measurements confirm an antiferromagnetic transition at t_N=9 K. Both MCE and magnetoresistance (MR) show quadratic dependence on the applied magnetic field, indicating the presence of spin fluctuations in the alloy. the maximum values of the magnetic entropy change determined from the isothermal magnetization data for magnetic field change of 7 and9 t are found to be 10.5 and 15.6 J/kg·K, respectively. As a consequence of the spin fluctuations effect, the MCE peaks are pulled towards high temperature side as asymmetrically broadened peak. the MR attains a large positive value of 73%at 2 K in 8 t. the large MR and reversible MCE make this alloy an attractive multifunctional magnetic material.

关键词： Rare earth-transition metal alloy Magnetic properties Magnetocaloric effect Magnetoresistance Spin fluctuations

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Fabrication, characterization, in vitro drug release and glucose uptake activity of 14-deoxy,11, 12-didehydroandrographolide loaded polycaprolactone nanoparticles

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017年第4期12卷 353-362页

作者： nagalakshmi Kamaraj Pooja Yashwanthi Rajaguru Praveen kumar Issac Sujatha Sundaresan Department of Biotechnology School of Bioengineering SRM University

Biodegradable polymer based novel drug delivery systems brought a considerable attention in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy and bioavailability of various drugs. 14-deoxy 11, 12-didehydro andrographolide(poorly water soluble compound) loaded polycaprolactone(nanoDDA) was synthesized using the solvent evaporation technique. Nano-DDA was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and dynamic light scattering(DLS) studies. Fourier transform InfraRed Spectroscopy(FtIR) was used to investigate the structural interaction between the drug and the polymer. Functional characterization of the formulation was determined using drug content, cellular uptake and in vitro drug release. 2-deoxy-D-[1-~3H] glucose uptake assay was carried out to assess the antidiabetic potential of nano-DDA in L6 *** nano-DDA displayed spherical shape with a smooth surface(252.898 nm diameter), zeta potential, encapsulation and loading efficiencies of -38.9 mV, 91.98 ± 0.13% and 15.09 ± 0.18% respectively. No structural alteration between the drug and the polymer was evidenced(FtIR analysis). Confocal microscopy studies with rhodamine 123 loaded polycaprolactone nanoparticles(Rh123-PCL NPs) revealed the internalization of Rh123-PCL NPs in a time dependent manner in L6 myoblasts. A dose dependent increase in glucose uptake was observed for nano-DDA with a maximal uptake of 108.54 ± 1.42% at 100 nM on L6 myotubes, thereby proving its anti-diabetic efficacy. A biphasic pattern of in vitro drug release demonstrated an initial burst release at 24 h followed by a sustained release for up to 11 days. to conclude,our results revealed that nano-DDA formulation can be a potent candidate for antidiabetic drug delivery.

关键词： Nanoencapsulation Polycaprolactone 14-deoxy 11,12-didehydro andrographolide Glucose uptake In vitro drug release Cellular uptake

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Multiple magnetic transitions and magnetocaloric effect of tb_(4)Coln alloy

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第11期41卷 1721-1727,I0003页

作者： Remya U.D. Arun K. Swathi S. Athul S.R. Andrea Dzubinska Marian Reiffers nagalakshmi R. Intermetallics and Non-linear Optics Laboratory Department of PhysicsNational Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalli620015India CPM-tIP University Pavol Jozef Safarik04011KošiceSlovakia Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences Presov UniversityPresovSlovakia Institute of Experimental Physics SASKosiceSlovakia

We report on the magnetic,magnetocaloric,thermal,and electrical transport properties of tb_(4)Coln alloy,which crystallizes in two phases,tb_6Co_(2.1)In_(0.8)(space group Immm)and tb_(2)In_(0.9)Co_(0.1)(space group P6_(3)/mmc),*** alloy reveals three successive magnetic transitions around t_(1)(163 K),t_(2)(50 K),and t_(3)(29 K),respectively,associated with paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition and two sequential antiferromagnetic *** low-temperature transition t_(3) follows the first-order magnetic behavior and exhibits the field-induced magnetic ***,t_(2) and t_(1) are found to be second-order in nature which opens a possibility for hysteresis-free magnetocaloric *** magnetocaloric properties are determined using different magnetocaloric figures of merits such as-ΔS_(M),Δt_(ad).RCP,and tEC(10).Additionally,the universal curve behavior in the isothermal entropy change unveils the variation in critical exponents around t_(1) and t_(2) due to the magnetic inhomogeneity in the ***,the electrical transport properties of the metallic alloy denote the maximum magnetoresistance of-10%around t_(1).

关键词： Multiple magnetic transitions Order of magnetic transition Magnetocaloric effect Magnetoresistance Universal curve behavior Rare earths

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transport mechanism in chemically reactive hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic micro-organisms over a curved oscillatory surface

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 177-192页

作者： M.NAVEED M.IMRAN t.ASGHAR Z.ABBAS Department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education Department of Mathematics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

this paper examines the transport analysis, including both heat transfer and mass transfer, in hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms towards a curved oscillatory surface. the influence of magnetic fields is also inspected in terms of their physical characteristics. to depict the phenomena of transport, modified versions of both Fick's and Fourier's laws are used. Additionally, the characteristics of both heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reactions are also incorporated. Utilizing a curvilinear coordinate system, the flow problem is formulated as partial differential equations(PDEs)for momentum, concentration, microorganism field, and energy. An analytical solution to the obtained flow equations is achieved utilizing the homotopy analysis method(HAM).the effects of significant flow parameters on the pressure and microorganism fields, velocity, oscillation velocity, concentration, and temperature distributions are shown via graphs. Furthermore, the variations in skin friction, mass transfer rate, heat transfer rate, and local motile number due to different involved parameters are presented in tables and are analyzed in detail. Graphical results indicate that the curves of velocity and temperature fields are enhanced as the values of the solid volume fraction variables *** is also verified that the concentration rate field decreases as the values of the homogeneous reaction strength parameter and the radius of curvature parameter increase, and it increases with the Schmidt number and the heterogeneous reaction strength *** outcomes show a favorable response of the motile number to advanced values of the Peclet number, the Schmidt number, the microorganism difference parameter, and the bio-convective Lewis number.

关键词： hybrid nanofluid oscillating curved stretchable sheet gyrotactic microorganism Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass flux chemical reaction analytical solution O368

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Design,synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activities of methyl-4-((substituted phenyl)[6H-indolo(2,3-b)quinoxalin-6-yl]methyl-amino)benzoate derivatives

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2011年第5期22卷 567-570页

作者： Yellajyosula Lakshmi Narasimha Murthy nagalakshmi Karthikeyan Govindh Boddeti Bhagavathula S.Diwakar E.Rajendra Singh Department of Organic Chemistry Andhra UniversityVisakhapatnam 530003India DRDO - HQ New Delhi 110011India

A series of new methyl-4-（（substituted phenyl）[6H-indolo（2,3-b）quinoxalin-6yl]methylamino）benzoate derivatives have been synthesized and assayed for their antibacterial activity on 9 different bacterial *** the screened compounds 2e-2g exhibited potent inhibitory activity compared to standard drug employed,worth further investigation.

关键词： Isatin Schiff base Mannich base Antibacterial activity

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the impact of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), child-turcotte-pugh (CtP) score and disease staging on the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients: a retrospective cohort from single oncology center

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Oncology research 2025年第1期33卷 149-160页

作者： Nasser Mulla Yousef Katib Asim M Almughamsi Duaa S Alkhayat Mohamed Mosaad Samir t Alfotih Rawan Alaofi Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Taibah University Madinah 42278 Saudi Arabia. Department of Radiology Faculty of Medicine Taibah University Madinah 42278 Saudi Arabia. Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Taibah University Madinah 42278 Saudi Arabia. Department of Endemic and Infectious Diseases Suez Canal University Ismailia 41522 Egypt. King Salman bin Abdulaziz Medical City Madinah 42311 Saudi Arabia. Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital Madinah 41511 Saudi Arabia.

Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common cause of cancer-related death in Saudi Arabia. Our study aimed to investigate the patterns of HCC and the effect of tNM staging, Alfa-fetoprotein (AFP), and Child-turcotte Pugh (CtP) on patients' overall survival (OS).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 43 HCC patients at a single oncology center in Saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2020. All patients had to fulfill one of the following criteria: (a) a liver lesion reported as definitive HCC on dynamic imaging and/or (b) a biopsy-confirmed diagnosis.Results:the mean patient age of all HCC cases was 66.8 with a male-to-female ratio of 3.3:1. All patients were stratified into two groups: viral HCC (n = 22, 51%) and non-viral HCC (n = 21, 49%). Among viral-HCC patients, 55% were due to HBV and 45% due to HCV. Cirrhosis was diagnosed in 79% of cases. Age and sex did not significantly statistically differ in OS among viral and non-viral HCC patients (-value > 0.05). About 65% of patients had tumor size >5 cm during the diagnosis, with a significant statistical difference in OS (-value = 0.027). AFP was >400 ng/ml in 45% of the patients. there was a statistically significant difference in the OS in terms of AFP levels (-value = 0.021). A statistically significant difference was also observed between the CtP score and OS (-value = 0.02). CtP class B had the longest survival. BSC was the most common treatment provided to HCC patients followed by sorafenib therapy. there was a significant statistical difference in OS among viral and non-viral HCC patients (-value = 0.008).Conclusions:the most common predictors for OS were the underlying cause of HCC, AFP, and tumor size. Being having non-viral etiology, a tumor size >5 cm, an AFP > 400 ng/mL, and a CtP score class C were all negatively associated with OS.

关键词： Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Child-turcotte-pugh Hepatocellular carcinoma Pattern Progression free survival

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Free vibration and transient response of double curved beams connected by intermediate straight beams

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 37-62页

作者： R.A.JAFARI-tALOOKOLAEI H.GHANDVAR E.JUMAEV S.KHAtIR t.CUONG-LE School of Mechanical Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering New Uzbekistan University University of Business and Science Center for Engineering Application and technology Solutions Ho Chi Minh City Open University

this paper investigates the free vibration and transient response of interconnected structures including double curved beams and intermediate straight beams,which are all constructed from functionally graded porous(FGP) materials. the strain potential and kinetic energies of each beam along with the work done by the external force are calculated. Additionally, a higher-order beam element is introduced to derive stiffness and mass matrices, along with the force vector. the curved and straight beams are discretized, and their assembled stiffness, mass matrices, and force vectors, are *** conditions at the joints are used to derive the total matrices of the entire structure. Subsequently, the natural frequencies and transient response of the system are determined. the accuracy of the mathematical model and the self-developed computer program is validated through the comparison of the obtained results with those of the existing literature and commercial software ANSYS, demonstrating excellent ***, a comprehensive study is conducted to investigate the effects of various parameters on the free vibration and transient response of the considered structure.

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