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the Relative Orientation between Local Magnetic Field and Galactic Plane in Low Latitude Dark Clouds

Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第7期22卷 84-98页

作者： Gulafsha B.Choudhury Himadri S.Das B.J.Medhi J.C.Pandey S.Wolf t.k.dhar A.M.Mazarbhuiya Department of Physics Assam UniversitySilchar 788011India Department of Physics Gauhati UniversityGuwahati 781014India Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences(ARIES) Nainital 263002India University of kiel Institute of Theoretical Physics and AstrophysicsLeibnizstrasse 15D-24118KielGermany

In this work,we study the magnetic field morphology of selected star-forming clouds spread over the galactic latitude(b)range−10°to 10°.the polarimetric observations of clouds CB24,CB27 and CB188 are conducted to study the magnetic field geometry of those clouds using the 104 cm Sampurnanand telescope(St)located at ARIES,Manora Peak,Nainital,*** observations are combined with those of 14 further low latitude clouds available in the *** of these clouds are located within a distance range 140–500 pc except for CB3(∼2500 pc),CB34(∼1500 pc),CB39(∼1500 pc)and CB60(∼1500 pc).Analyzing the polarimetric data of 17 clouds,we find that the alignment between the envelope magnetic field(θ^(env)_(B))and galactic plane(GP)(θGP)of the low-latitude clouds varies with their galactic longitudes(l).We observe a strong correlation between the longitude(l)and the offset(θ_(off)=|θ^(env)_(B)-θ_(GP))which shows that θ^(env)_(B) is parallel to the GP when the clouds are situated in the region 115°ts own local deflection irrespective of the orientation of θGP when the clouds are at l250°.to check the consistency of our results,the stellar polarization data available in the Heiles catalog are overlaid on the DSS image of the clouds having mean polarization vector of field *** results are almost consistent with the Heiles data.A systematic discussion is presented in the *** effect of turbulence in the cloud is also studied which may play an important role in causing the misalignment phenomenon observed between θ^(env)_(B) and θ_(GP).We have used Herschel(Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA.)SPIRE 500μm and SCUBA 850μm dust continuum emission maps in our work to understand the density structure of the clouds.

关键词： polarization (ISM:)dust extinction ISM:magnetic fields galaxies:magnetic fields

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Chronic social defeat stress‑induced depression reduces BCG efficacy by promoting regulatory t‑cell levels in mice

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Animal Diseases 2024年第2期4卷 115-126页

作者： Rohit tyagi Xi Chen Atika dhar Bing Yang Wei Zhou Aikebaier Reheman Yingying Lei Gang Cao National key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Veterinary MedicineHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China National Institute of Immunology New Delhi 110067India College of Animal Science and technology Tarim UniversityAlar 843300China Bio‑Medical Center Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Despite the initial successes of the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG)vaccine in children,its efficacy against tuberculosis is highly *** is a lack of understanding about how mental conditions influence BCG ***,we used the chronic social defeat stress(CSDS)model to explore the effects of depression on BCG vaccination *** observed higher lung and spleen bacterial loads and a lower organ index in depressed compared to BCG ***,a relatively lower t cell protective efficacy was observed in both compared to control and BCG mice via a mycobacterium growth inhibition assay(MGIA).Cytokine expression of IL-12p40,IL-1β,IL-17,tNF-αand IFN-γwas reduced,whereas the expression of IL-10 and IL-5 was increased in the spleen of both compared to BCG ***,the proportions of CD4^(+)IFN-γ^(+),CD8^(+)IFN-γ^(+)t lymphocytes and CD4^(+)effector/central memory t cells were reduced in the splenocytes of the depressed BCG *** promotes CD4^(+)regulatory t cells(treg)and myeloid-derived suppressor cell(MDSC)generation in depressed mice,contributing to the reduced pro-inflammatory immune response upon BCG *** study provides insight into the decreased protective immunity by BCG vaccination attributable to depression in mice.

关键词： BCG Vaccine efficacy treg Immune suppression Depression

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the Prevalence and Clinical Manifestations of Co-Infection in Pediatric Infectious Mononucleosis: A Single-Centered, Retrospective Study

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第3期14卷 459-475页

作者： Abdishakur Abdukadir Muse Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed Pu Yang Lihong Liao Bibek dhar Shrestha Agness Nicholaus kanusya Paul Mwale Youping Deng Dongchi Zhao Department of Pediatrics Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China Department of Ophthalmology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China

Background: Recent studies indicate that the incidence of infectious mononucleosis (IM) has increased in China. Furthermore, it has been shown that children diagnosed with IM are prone to acquiring other pathogens. However, there is limited research on the prevalence of these co-infections in children with IM. thus, we conducted this study to determine the prevalence of coinfections and common pathogens, as well as to compare clinical manifestations in children with and without coinfections. Methods: this retrospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, with data from January 2018 to January 2023. Data, including demographics, symptoms, lab results, and complications, were collected from the hospital’s electronic database and analyzed. the statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests and Mann-Whitney tests to compare the means of continuous variables. Statistical significance was determined by p-values less than 0.05. Results: the study involved 216 participants diagnosed with IM, predominantly males (61.6%) aged 0 - 4 years (50.9%). Coinfection was detected in 39.8% of children, with multiple pathogens present in 33.72% of these cases. Among coinfection cases, 40% occurred in children under 5 years old, and females made up 54.2% of these cases. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) was the most prevalent pathogen, accounting for 18.1% of cases. Influenza B (IFB) and Influenza A (IFA) viruses were found in 16.7% and 13.9% of participants, respectively, indicating a notable occurrence of respiratory pathogen coinfections. Male gender, fever, tonsillopharyngitis, lower HGB levels, higher ESR, CRP, and ASt levels were correlated with coinfections. Conclusion: In summary, the study revealed a high prevalence of coinfections among children diagnosed with IM, particularly involving Mycoplasma pneumoniae and influenza viruses. these coinfections were notably

关键词： Prevalence Mononucleosis Coinfection Children Epstein-Barr Virus Features

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First-principles calculations to investigate structural,electronic,magnetic,optical and thermodynamic properties of RE_(2)Rh_(3)Ge(RE=Pr,Sm)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1385-1393,I0007页

作者： A.Ezaier R.Masrour M.Hamedoun J.kharbach A.Rezzouk A.Hourmatallah N.Benzakour k.Bouslykhane Laboratory of Solid Physics Faculty of Sciences Dhar El MehrazSidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityBP 1796FezMorocco Equipe de Physique du Solide LaboratoiresLIPIEcole Normale SupérieureBensoudaFèsMorocco

In this paper,we analyzed the physical characteristics of the ternary alloys RE_(2)Rh_(3)Ge(RE=Pr and Sm)using the first principles calculation based on functional density theory integrated in the Wien2k *** calculated formation energies of Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge are−5.3827 and−5.2782 eV/atom,respectively,showing that these alloys may exist *** results of the band structure and density of states indicate that all of the compounds tested are magnetic metals,and their magnetism is mostly related to the contribution of Pr and Sm *** total magnetic moments of Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge are 4.07245 and 11.16161μB/f.u,*** parameters such as heat capacity at constant pressure,entropy,Debye temperature,lattice volume,compressibility coefficients,and Grüneisen parameter alloys were calculated using the Gibbs algorithm and studied in depth over a large temperature range of 0-900 *** Debye temperature increases with increasing pressure and decreases with decreasing ***,the Debye temperatures calculated at p=0 GPa and t=300 k are equal to be 342 and 322 k for Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm_(2)Rh_(3)Ge,*** optical characteristics such as the real and imaginary portions of the dielectric function,the absorption coefficient,the energy-loss function,and the refractive index were investigated and discussed in more depth.

关键词： Magnetic metals Functional density theory Density of states Magnetic moment Optical and thermodynamic properties Rare earths

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Citric acid:An efficient and green catalyst for rapid one pot synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives at room temperature

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2011年第4期22卷 389-392页

作者： Radhakrishnan Mahesh Arghya kusum dhar tara Sasank t.V.N.V. Sappanimuthu thirunavukkarasu thangaraj Devadoss Birla Institute of technology & Science PilaniRajasthan-333031India Orchid Chemicals and Pharmaceutical Ltd. SholinganallurChennai-600119India

the condensation of o-phenylenediamines with 1,2-dicarbonyl compounds in the presence of citric acid afforded the corresponding quinoxaline derivatives in higher yields at room temperature in ethanol,and most of the r... 详细信息

关键词： Quinoxalins Citric acid o-Phenylenediamines 1 2-Dicarbonyl compounds Green catalyst

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Risk factors of type 2 diabetes in population of Jammu and kashmir, India

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the Journal of Biomedical Research 2013年第5期27卷 372-379页

作者： Ankit Mahajan Swarkar Sharma Manoj k.dhar Rameshwar N.k.Bamezai School of Biotechnology University of Jammu National Centre of Applied Human Genetics School of Life Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University School of Biology and Chemistry Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University

We sought to identify risk factors for type 2 diabetes （t2D） in Jammu and kashmir populations, India. A total of 424 diabetic and 226 non-diabetic subjects from Jammu, and 161 diabetic and 100 non-diabetic subjects from kashmir were screened for various parameters including fasting blood glucose level, 2 hour glucose level, urea, creatinine, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）, very low-density lipoprotein （VLDL-C）, uric acid, systolic and diastolic blood pressure lev- el. We found that subjects aged 40-49 years had the highest rate of diabetes, with family income playing not much of a role. kashmiri migrants or populations with rapid cultural, environmental, social or lifestyle change along with reduced physical activity, obesity and unhealthy lifestyle （smoking and alcohol consumption） were found to have higher rates of diabetes. High blood glucose, triglycerides and low HDL-C levels were found to be con- tributing to disease outcome. High blood pressure also contributed to a higher risk of developing t2D. Our study supports earlier reports confirming the contribution of comfortable life style, Western dietary habits and rapid life style change along with many other factors to the prevalence of diabetes. this may contribute to the epidemic proportion of diabetes in Jammu and kashmir. Early diagnosis and routine screening for undiagnosed diabetes in obese subjects and subjects with parental diabetes history is expected to decrease the burden of chronic diabetic complications worldwide.

关键词： type 2 diabetes north India life style kashmiri migrants body mass index

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Dynamic tracking of stem cells in an acute liver failure model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第6期18卷 507-516页

作者： tarek Ezzat Dipok kumar dhar Massimo Malago Steven WM Olde Damink HPB and Liver transplantation Surgery Royal Free HospitalUniversity College LondonLondon NW3 2PFUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery University of AlexandriaAlexandriaPO Box 21131Egypt Department of Surgery Maastricht University Medical Centre Nutrition and toxicology Research Institute Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtPO Box 5800The Netherlands

AIM： to investigate a dual labeling technique, which would enable real-time monitoring of transplanted em- bryonic stem cell （ESC） kinetics, as well as long-term tracking. MEtHODS： Liver damage was induced in C57/BL6 male mice （n = 40） by acetaminophen （APAP） 300 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally. Green fluores- cence protein （GFP） positive C57/BL6 mouse ESCs were stained with the near-infrared fluorescent lipophilic tracer 1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindotricarbo- cyanine iodide （DiR） immediately before transplantationinto the spleen. Each of the animals in the cell therapy group （n = 20） received 5 x 106 ESCs 4 h following treatment with APAP. the control group （n = 20） re- ceived the vehicle only. the distribution and dynamics of the cells were monitored in real-time with the IVIS lumina-2 at 30 rain post transplantation, then at 3, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, and after one and 2 wk. Immunohisto- chemical examination of liver tissue was used to identify expression of GFP and albumin. Plasma alanine amino- transferase （ALt） was measured as an indication of liver ***： DiR-stained ESCs were easily tracked with the IVIS using the indocyanine green filter due to its high background passband with minimal background autofluorescence. the transplanted cells were confined inside the spleen at 30 min post-transplantation, gradu- ally moved into the splenic vein, and were detectable in parts of the liver at the 3 h time-point. Within 24 h of transplantation, homing of almost 90% of cells was confirmed in the liver. On day three, however, the DiR signal started to fade out, and ex vivo IVIS imaging of different organs allowed signal detection at time-points when the signal could not be detected by in vivo imag- ing, and confirmed that the highest photon emission was in the liver （P 〈 0.0001）. At 2 wk, the DiRsignal was no longer detectable in vivo; however, immuno- histochemistry analysis of constitutively-expressed GFP was used to provide an insight into the d

关键词： Cell transplantation Cell tracking Embry-onic stem cells Acute liver failure Liver regeneration

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in different forest tree species of Hazarikhil forest of Chittagong, Bangladesh

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第1期23卷 115-122页

作者： P. P. dhar M. A. U. Mridha Department of Botany Dinajpur Govt. College Dinajpur-5200 Bangladesh Department of Botany University of Chittagong Chittagong-4331 Bangladesh

Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） colonization and AM fungal spores were studied in the roots and rhizosphere soils of ,4cacia catechu （L.f）. Wild., A. mangium Willd, Anthocephala cadamba Miq., Artocarpus chaplasha Roxb., Chickrassia tabularis A. Juss., Swie- tenia macrophylla king., tectona grandis L. from plantations; Albizia procera （Roxb.） Benth., ,4. falcataria L., Alstonia scholaris （L.） R. Br., ,4phanamixis polystachya （Wall.） Parker., Hydnocarpus kurzii （king.） Warb., Heynea trijuga Roxb., Lagerstroemia speciosa （L.） Pers., Messua ferrea Linn., Podocarpus nerifolia Don., Swintonia floribunda Griff., Syzygiumfruticosum （Roxb.） DC., S. grandis （Wt.） Wal. from forest and nursery seedlings of A. polystachya, A. chaplasha, Gmelina arborea Roxb. and S. cuminii （L.） Skeels from Hazarikhil forest, Chittagong of Bangladesh. Roots were stained in aniline blue and rhiz0sphere soils were assessed by wet sieving and decanting methods. the range of AM colonization varied significantly from 10%-73% in the plantations sam- ples. Maximum colonization was observed in A. mangium （73%） and minimum colonization was observed in C. tabularis （10%）. Vesicular colonization was recorded 15%-67% in five plantation tree species. the highest was in A. cadamba （67%） and the lowest was in t. grandis; A. chaplasha and C. tabularis showed no vesicular colonization. Arbuscular colonization was recorded 12%-60% in four plantation tree species. the highest was in .4. mangium （60%） and the lowest was in A. cadamba. Roots of Artocarpus chaplasha, C. tabularis and t. grandis showed no arbuscular colonization. Among 12 forest tree species, nine tree species showed AM colonization. the highest was in A. falcataria （62%） and the lowest was in S. fruticosum （10%）. Significant variation in vesicular colonization was recorded in seven forest tree species. the highest was in H. trijuga （52%） and the lowest was in L. speciosa 08%）. Hydnocarpus kurzii, M. ferrea, P. nerifolia S. fruticosum and S

关键词： Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi root colonization spore popu-lation

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Enzyme hydrolyzed bael fruit liquefaction and its kinetic study

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 1189-1201页

作者： Rishab dhar Snehasis Chakraborty Food Engineering and technology Department Institute of Chemical TechnologyMumbaiMatunga (E)Maharashtra400019India

the study aims to explore the mechanism and optimize the process of enzyme hydrolyzed bael fruit(Aegle marmelos)liquefaction using two different enzymes:pectinase and macerozyme r-10(enzyme mixture).A full factorial design was applied for the factors with 0.05–1.5%(w/w)enzyme concentration(EC),30–60℃ temperature,and incubation time of 30–240 min for pectinase and 60–360 min for *** polynomial models were developed,showing R^(2)≥***-objective numeric optimization was followed to maximize the increase in yield,total reducing sugar(tRS),clarity,and minimizing EC,temperature and ***-treated juice extracts were acceptable on the sensory scale with overall acceptability>*** pomace reduction of 58.8%and 78.9%along with rise in mono and disaccharides were observed after treating with pectinase(t=240 min)and macerozyme(t=360 min),respectively at identical 0.775%EC and 45℃ *** the pectinase enzyme,an optimumΔyield of 32.4%was obtained at 0.82%EC,43℃ temperature in 169.4 ***,with the macerozyme,an optimumΔyield of 39.6%was attained at 0.96%EC,45.6°C temperature in 245.9 *** degradation in bael fruit by enzymatic hydrolysis with pectinase(EC=0.01–1.50%,time=2.5–240 min)and macerozyme(EC:0.01–1.50%,time:5–360 min)was studied at their respective optimum *** modified Michaelis-Menten showed a good fit(R 2>0.98)with the non-linear curve fitting *** treatment showed slower enzyme activity with higher substrate degradation but lower nutrient content compared to the pectinase treatment.

关键词： Bael fruit Enzyme hydrolysis Full factorial design Sensory evaluation Optimization kinetic modeling

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High-throughput physical phenotyping of cell differentiation

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 316-322页

作者： Jonathan Lin Donghyuk kim Henry t.tse Peter tseng Lillian Peng Manjima dhar Saravanan karumbayaram Dino Di Carlo Department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA CytoVale Inc. 384 Oyster Point Boulevard#7 SouthSan FranciscoCA 94080USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Tufts UniversityMedfordMA 02155USA Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research Los AngelesCA 90095USA California NanoSystems Institute Los AngelesCA 90095USA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA

In this report,we present multiparameter deformability cytometry(m-DC),in which we explore a large set of parameters describing the physical phenotypes of pluripotent cells and their derivatives.m-DC utilizes microfluidic inertial focusing and hydrodynamic stretching of single cells in conjunction with high-speed video recording to realize high-throughput characterization of over 20 different cell motion and morphology-derived *** extracted from videos include size,deformability,deformation kinetics,and *** train support vector machines that provide evidence that these additional physical measurements improve classification of induced pluripotent stem cells,mesenchymal stem cells,neural stem cells,and their derivatives compared to size and deformability *** addition,we utilize visual interactive stochastic neighbor embedding to visually map the high-dimensional physical phenotypic spaces occupied by these stem cells and their progeny and the pathways traversed during *** report demonstrates the potential of m-DC for improving understanding of physical differences that arise as cells differentiate and identifying cell subpopulations in a label-free ***,such approaches could broaden our understanding of subtle changes in cell phenotypes and their roles in human biology.

关键词： cell mechanics deformation deformation kinetics morphology physical phenotype stem cells

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