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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 34-38页

作者： MJ Mahesh kumar Shailendra Arindkar Masum Saini Perumal Nagarajan National Institute of Immunology New Delhi 100067India Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology Hyderabad 500007India Regional Center for Biotechnology Faridabad 121001India

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(t2DM)are two disease conditions for which obesity is a risk factor.^(1)Due to the close relationship between the three pathologies,researchers frequently use the same mouse models to identify the underlying processes of obesity,NAFLD,and *** instance,leptin(Lep)-null(ob/ob)and leptin receptor(Lepr)-deficient(db/db)mice spontaneously develop NAFLD and show different phenotypes of extreme obesity and diabetes,respectively.

关键词： obesity NAFLD Lep

Coupled multiphysical model for investigation of influence factors in the application of microbially induced calcite precipitation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2232-2249页

作者： Xuerui Wang Pavan kumar Bhukya Dali Naidu Arnepalli Shuang Chen Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit(GRS)GGmbH Braunschweig38122Germany Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources(BGR) Hannover30655Germany

the study presents a comprehensive coupled thermo-bio-chemo-hydraulic(t-BCH)modeling framework for stabilizing soils using microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP).the numerical model considers relevant multiphysics involved in MICP,such as bacterial ureolytic activities,biochemical reactions,multiphase and multicomponent transport,and alteration of the porosity and *** model incorporates multiphysical coupling effects through well-established constitutive relations that connect parameters and variables from different physical *** was implemented in the open-source finite element code OpenGeoSys(OGS),and a semi-staggered solution strategy was designed to solve the couplings,allowing for flexible model ***,the developed model can be easily adapted to simulate MICP applications in different *** numerical model was employed to analyze the effect of various factors,including temperature,injection strategies,and application ***,a tBCH modeling study was conducted on the laboratory-scale domain to analyze the effects of temperature on urease activity and precipitated calcium *** understand the scale dependency of MICP treatment,a large-scale heterogeneous domain was subjected to variable biochemical injection *** simulations conducted at the field-scale guided the selection of an injection strategy to achieve the desired type and amount of ***,the study emphasized the potential of numerical models as reliable tools for optimizing future developments in field-scale MICP *** present study demonstrates the potential of this numerical framework for designing and optimizing the MICP applications in laboratory-,prototype-,and field-scale scenarios.

关键词： Multiphysics Microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP) Coupled thermo-bio-chemo-hydraulic(tBCH) model OpenGeoSys(OGS) Influence factors

Development,validation,and transportability of several machine-learned,non-exercise-based VO_(2max)prediction models for older adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 611-620页

作者： Benjamin t.Schumacher Michael J.LaMonte Andrea Z.LaCroix Eleanor M.Simonsick Steven P.Hooker Humberto Parada Jr. John Bellettiere Arun kumar Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14214USA translational Gerontology Branch Intramural Research ProgramNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMD 21225USA College of Health and Human Services San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA University of California San Diego Moores Cancer Center La JollaCA 92093USA Computer Science and Engineering and Halicioglu Data Science Institute University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Background:there exist few maximal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))non-exercise-based prediction equations,fewer using machine learning(ML),and none specifically for older *** direct measurement of VO_(2max)is infeasible in large epidemiologic cohort studies,we sought to develop,validate,compare,and assess the transportability of several ML VO_(2max)prediction ***:the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging(BLSA)participants with valid VO2_(max)tests were included(n=1080).Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine(SVM)algorithms were trained to predict VO_(2max)*** developed these algorithms for:(a)the overall BLSA,(b)by sex,(c)using all BLSA variables,and(d)variables common in aging ***,we quantified the associations between measured and predicted VO_(2max)and ***:the age was 69.0±10.4 years(mean±SD)and the measured VO_(2max)was 21.6±5.9 mL/kg/*** absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine yielded root mean squared errors of 3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,and 3.5 mL/kg/min,*** quartiles of measured VO_(2max)showed an inverse gradient in mortality *** VO_(2max)variables yielded similar effect estimates but were not robust to ***:Measured VO_(2max)is a strong predictor of *** ML can improve the accuracy of prediction as compared to simpler approaches but estimates of association with mortality remain sensitive to *** studies should seek to reproduce these results so that VO_(2max),an important vital sign,can be more broadly studied as a modifiable target for promoting functional resiliency and healthy aging.

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Prediction algorithms Epidemiology Mortality

the Impact of Opioid Drugs on Memory and Other Cognitive Functions: A Review

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第4期12卷 264-287页

作者： Mason t. Bennett Yuliya Modna Dev kumar Shah School of Biomedical Sciences Trinity Medical Sciences University Kingstown Saint Vincent and Grenadines Department of Physiology Trinity Medical Sciences University Kingstown Saint Vincent and Grenadines

Background and Purpose: Opioids, used for centuries to alleviate pain, have become a double-edged sword. While effective, they come with a host of adverse effects, including memory and cognition impairment. this review delves into the impact of opioid drugs on cognitive functions, explores underlying mechanisms, and investigates their prevalence in both medical care and illicit drug use. the ultimate goal is to find ways to mitigate their potential harm and address the ongoing opioid crisis. Methods: We sourced data from PubMed and Google Scholar, employing search combinations like “opioids,” “memory,” “cognition,” “amnesia,” “cognitive function,” “executive function,” and “inhibition.” Our focus was on English-language articles spanning from the inception of these databases up to the present. Results: the literature consistently reveals that opioid use, particularly at high doses, adversely affects memory and other cognitive functions. Longer deliberation times, impaired decision-making, impulsivity, and behavioral disorders are common consequences. Chronic high-dose opioid use is associated with conditions such as amnesiac syndrome (OAS), post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), depression, anxiety, sedation, and addiction. Alarming trends show increased opioid use over recent decades, amplifying the risk of these outcomes. Conclusion: Opioids cast a shadow over memory and cognitive function. these effects range from amnesiac effects, lessened cognitive function, depression, and more. Contributing factors include over-prescription, misuse, misinformation, and prohibition policies. Focusing on correct informational campaigns, removing punitive policies, and focusing on harm reduction strategies have been shown to lessen the abuse and use of opioids and thus helping to mitigate the adverse effects of these drugs. Further research into the impacts of opioids on cognitive abilities is also needed as they are well demonstrated in

关键词： Opioids Memory Cognition Pain

Nano/Micro-Structural Supramolecular Biopolymers: Innovative Networks with the Boundless Potential in Sustainable Agriculture

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 79-101页

作者： Roohallah Saberi Riseh Mohadeseh Hassanisaadi Masoumeh Vatankhah Rajender S.Varma Vijay kumar thakur Department of Plant Protection Faculty of AgricultureVali-e-Asr University of RafsanjanImam Khomeini SquareRafsanjan ***Iran Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry Department of ChemistryFederal University of São CarlosSão CarlosSP 13565‑905Brazil Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center Scotland’s Rural Collage(SRUC)Edinburgh EH93JGUK

Sustainable agriculture plays a crucial role in meeting the growing global demand for food while minimizing adverse environmental impacts from the overuse of synthetic pesticides and conventional *** this context,renewable biopolymers being more sustainable offer a viable solution to improve agricultural sustainability and ***/micro-structural supramolecular biopolymers are among these innovative biopolymers that are much sought after for their unique *** biomaterials have complex hierarchical structures,great stability,adjustable mechanical strength,stimuli-responsiveness,and self-healing *** molecules may be added to their flexible structure,for enabling novel agricultural *** overview scrutinizes how nano/micro-structural supramolecular biopolymers may radically alter farming practices and solve lingering problems in agricultural sector namely improve agricultural production,soil health,and resource *** bioactive ingredient released from biopolymers allows the tailored administration of agrochemicals,bioactive agents,and biostimulators as they enhance nutrient absorption,moisture retention,and root ***/micro-structural supramolecular biopolymers may protect crops by appending antimicrobials and biosensing entities while their eco-friendliness supports sustainable *** their potential,further studies are warranted to understand and optimize their usage in agricultural *** effort seeks to bridge the knowledge gap by investigating their applications,challenges,and future prospects in the agricultural *** experimental investigations and theoretical modeling,this overview aims to provide valuable insights into the practical implementation and optimization of supramolecular biopolymers in sustainable agriculture,ultimately contributing to the development of innovative and eco-friendly solutions to enhance agricultural productivity while minimizing envir

关键词： Supramolecular Biopolymers Sustainable agriculture Nanotechnology

Role of renin-angiotensin system/angiotensin converting enzyme-2 mechanism and enhanced COVID-19 susceptibility in type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 606-622页

作者： Ashwin kumar Shukla Komal Awasthi Kauser Usman Monisha Banerjee Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory Department of ZoologyUniversity of LucknowLucknow 226007Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Medicine King Georges’Medical UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia Institute of Advanced Molecular Genetics and Infectious Diseases(IAMGID)University of LucknowLucknow 226007Uttar PradeshIndia

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a disease that caused a global pandemic and is caused by infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 *** has affected over 768 million people worldwide,resulting in approx-imately 6900000 ***-risk groups,identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,include individuals with conditions like type 2 diabetes mellitus(t2DM),obesity,chronic lung disease,serious heart conditions,and chronic kidney *** indicates that those with t2DM face a hei-ghtened susceptibility to COVID-19 and increased mortality compared to non-diabetic *** the renin-angiotensin system(RAS),a vital regulator of blood pressure and pulmonary stability,reveals the significance of the angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)and ACE2 *** converts angiotensin-I to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin-II,while ACE2 counters this by converting angiotensin-II to angiotensin 1-7,a *** ACE2 exp-ression,common in diabetes,intensifies RAS activity,contributing to conditions like inflammation and *** ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers can be therapeutically beneficial by increasing ACE2 levels,concerns arise regarding the potential elevation of ACE2 receptors on cell membranes,potentially facilitating COVID-19 *** review explored the role of the RAS/ACE2 mechanism in amplifying severe acute respiratory syndrome cor-onavirus 2 infection and associated complications in *** treatment strategies,including recombinant human ACE2 therapy,broad-spectrum antiviral drugs,and epigenetic signature detection,are discussed as promising avenues in the battle against this pandemic.

关键词： Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors Angiotensin-II receptor blockers Complex diseases COVID-19 type 2 diabetes

Biorenewable materials for water remediation: the central role of cellulose in achieving sustainability

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第3期9卷 253-282页

作者： Kirti Mishra Samarjeet Singh Siwal thandiwe Sithole Nirankar Singh Phil Hart Vijay kumar thakur Department of Chemistry M.M.Engineering CollegeMaharishi Markandeshwar(Deemed to be University)Haryana 133207India Department of Chemical Engineering University of JohannesburgDoornfontein 2088South Africa Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center Scotland’s Rural CollegeEdinburgh EH93JGUnited Kingdom Renewable and Sustainable Energy Research Centre Technology Innovation InstituteAbu Dhabi 9639United Arab Emirates School of Engineering University of Petroleum&Energy StudiesDehradun 248007India

As the population increases and manufacturing grows,greenhouse gas and other harmful emissions *** with chemicals such as dyes,pesticides,pharmaceuticals,oil,heavy metals or radionuclides,wastewater purification has become an urgent *** technologies exist that can remove these contaminants from wastewater sources,but they often demand high energy and/or high cost,and in some cases produce contaminant laden sludge that requires safe *** need for methods which are less capital intensive,less operationally costly and more environmentally friendly is ***-based materials have emerged as promising candidates for wastewater treatment due to their renewability,low cost,biodegradability,hydrophilicity,and antimicrobial *** this review article,we focussed on developing sustainable and biodegradable cellulose-based materials for wastewater *** article deals with cellulose-based materials’scope and their conversion into valuable products like hydrogel,aerogel,cellulose composites,and *** cellulose-based materials have no harmful environmental impact and are *** modified cellulose-based materials applying as membrane,adsorbent,sorbent,and beads to purify the wastewater were ***,the challenges and future prospects of cellulose-based materials for wastewater treatment were considered,emphasizing their potential to be sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives to traditional materials used in wastewater treatment.

关键词： Cellulose Wastewater treatment Hydrogel Nanocrystal Cellulose membrane

Microstructure,Corrosion and Mechanical Properties of Medium-thick 6061-t6 Alloy/t2 Pure Cu Dissimilar Joints Produced by Double Side Friction Stir Z Shape Lap-Butt Welding

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第2期37卷 385-400页

作者： Jiuxing tang Guoxin Dai Lei Shi Chuansong Wu Sergey Mironov Surendra kumar Patel Song Gao Mingxiao Wu MOE Key Lab for Liquid-Solid Structure Evolution and Materials Processing Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China Laboratory of Mechanical Properties of Nanoscale Materials and Superalloys Belgorod State UniversityBelgorod 308015Russia School of Mechanical Engineering Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)Jinan 250353China State Grid Henan Electric Power Research Institute Zhengzhou 450052China

A novel double side friction stir Z shape lap-butt welding(DS-FSZW)process was proposed to achieve excellent mechanical properties of Al/Cu medium-thick dissimilar *** influence of welding parameters on weld microstructure and properties of DS-FSZW joint were systematically *** indicated that defect-free medium-thick Al/Cu DS-FSZW joint could be achieved under an optimal welding ***-FSZW joint was prone to form void defects in the bottom of the second-pass *** recrystallization mechanisms at the top and middle of the weld nugget zone(WNZ)were continuous dynamic recrystallization(CDRX)and geometric dynamic recrystallization(GDRX).While the major recrystallization mechanism at the bottom of the WNZ was ***-FSZW joint of the optimal welding condition with 850 r/min-400 mm/min was produced with a continuous thin and crack-free IMCs layer at the Al/Cu interface,and the maximum tensile strength of this joint is 160.57 MPa,which is equivalent to 65.54%of pure Cu base ***,the corrosion resistance of Al/Cu DS-FSZW joints also achieved its maximum value at the optimal welding parameter of 850 r/min-400 mm/*** demonstrates that the DS-FSZW process can simultaneously produce medium-thick Al/Cu joints with excellent mechanical performance and corrosion resistance.

关键词： DS-FSZW Al/Cu dissimilar joint Corrosion behaviour Intermetallic compounds Microstructure Mechanical properties

Predictive modeling of critical temperatures in magnesium compounds using transfer learning

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1540-1553页

作者： Surjeet kumar Russlan Jaafreh Subhajit Dutta Jung Hyeon Yoo Santiago Pereznieto Kotiba Hamad Dae Ho Yoon School of Advanced Materials Science&Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419Republic of Korea

this study presents a transfer learning approach for discovering potential Mg-based superconductors utilizing a comprehensive target ***,a large source dataset(Bandgap dataset)comprising approximately∼75k compounds is utilized for pretraining,followed by fine-tuning with a smaller Critical temperature(t_(c))dataset containing∼300 ***,there is a significant improvement in the performance of the transfer learning model over the traditional deep learning(DL)model in predicting ***,the transfer learning model is applied to predict the properties of approximately 150k *** are validated computationally using density functional theory(DFt)calculations based on lattice dynamics-related ***,to demonstrate the extended predictive capability of the transfer learning model for new materials,a pool of virtual compounds derived from prototype crystal structures from the Materials Project(MP)database is generated.t_(c) predictions are obtained for∼3600 virtual compounds,which underwent screening for electroneutrality and thermodynamic *** Extra trees-based model is trained to utilize E_(hull)values to obtain thermodynamically stable materials,employing a dataset containing Ehull values for approximately 150k materials for *** with Ehull values exceeding 5 meV/atom were filtered out,resulting in a refined list of potential Mg-based *** study showcases the effectiveness of transfer learning in predicting superconducting properties and highlights its potential for accelerating the discovery of Mg-based materials in the field of superconductivity.

关键词： Superconductivity Critical temperature transfer learning Crystal structure features thermodynamic stability

Natural product-based treatment potential for type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1603-1614页

作者： Dharmsheel Shrivastav Satyam kumar Kumbhakar Shivangi Srivastava Desh Deepak Singh Amity Institute of Biotechnology Amity University RajasthanJaipur 303002RajasthanIndia Department of Biotechnology Govt Veer Surendra Say P.G.CollegeGariaband 493889ChhattisgarhIndia Department of Life Science Chhatrapati Shahu ji Maharaj UniversityKanpur 208024Uttar PradeshIndia

BACKGROUND type 2 diabetes(t2D)is a metabolic disease of impaired glucose utilization and a major cause of cardiovascular disease(CVD).the pathogenesis of both diseases shares common risk factors and mechanisms,and both are significant contributors to global morbidity and *** of natural products for t2D mellitus(t2DM)and CVD can be seen as a potential preventive and effective therapeutic *** to critically evaluate the therapeutic potential of natural products in t2D and coronary artery disease(CAD).MEtHODS By using specific keywords,we strategically searched the PubMed *** controlled trials(RCts)were searched as the primary focus that examined the effect of natural products on glycemic control,oxidative stress,and antioxidant *** focused on outcomes such as low blood glucose levels,adjustment on markers of oxidative stress and *** screening fulllength papers,we included 9 RCts in our review that met our inclusion *** In the literature search on the database,we found that various natural products like plant secondary metabolites play a diverse role in the management of *** ginseng,sesame oil and cocoa flavanols proved effective in lowering blood glucose levels and controlling blood pressure,which are key factors in managing t2DM and *** diabetic patients Melissa officinalis effectively reduce inflammation and shows diabetes *** fish oil and flaxseed oil reduced insulin levels and inflammatory markers,suggesting benefits for both *** lipid profile and endothelial function were enhanced by Nigella sativa oil and terminalia chebula,which is significant for the management of cardiovascular risk factors in *** Bilberry extract also showed promise for improving glycemic control in patients with *** the high level of antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anti-angiogenic properties found in natural products makes them promising therapeutic opt

关键词： type 2 diabetes mellitus Cardiovascular disease Natural products Antioxidants Oxidative stress therapeutic impact Global burden