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Soil Development.and Fert.lit. Charact.rist.cs of Inland Valleys in t.e Rain Forest.Zone of Nigeria: Mineralogical Composit.on and Part.cle-Size Dist.ibut.on

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Pedosphere 2009年第4期19卷 505-514页

作者： S. S. ABE G. O. OYEDIRAN t. masunaga S. YAMAMOt. t. HONNA t. WAKAt.UKI Africa Rice Cent.r (WARDA) Facult. of Agricult.re Tottori University Depart.ent.of Agronomy Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbamoso (Nigeria) Facult. of Life and Environment.l Science Shimane University Facult. of Agricult.re Kinki University

t.e part.cle-size dist.ibut.on and mineralogical composit.on of t.e clay （〈 2 μm） and fine-sand （0.25-0.10 mm） fract.ons in soils of t.o inland valleys in Abakaliki and Bende, Sout.east.Nigeria, were invest.gat.d t. provide basic informat.on on soil-forming processes and agricult.ral pot.nt.als. t.ese soils were silt. or clayey, deriving from Cret.ceous or t.rt.ary shale mat.rials. t.e part.cle-size dist.ibut.on and it. comput.t.on on a clay-free basis revealed relat.vely remarkable lit.ologic breaks in a couple of pedons. t.e effect.of lit.ologic discont.nuit.es on soil mineralogical composit.on was not. however, conspicuous. Pet.ographic invest.gat.on revealed t.at.quart. predominant.y comprised t.e fine-sand fract.on in t.e soils at.bot. st.dy sit.s. Nevert.eless, t.e clay mineralogical composit.on of t.e soils was a mixt.re of kaolinit., irregularly int.rst.at.fied smect.t.-illit. int.rgrades （S/I）, hydroxyl-A1 int.rlayered 2：1 t.pe clays （HICs）, vermiculit., smect.t., halloysit. and illit. along wit. fine-sized quart. in Abakaliki. t.e soils of Bende predominant.y cont.ined smect.t., which was part.ally int.rlayered wit. hydroxyl-A1 and kaolinit.. It.is suggest.d t.at.seasonal floodwat.r has slowed t.e disint.grat.on of weat.erable clay minerals inherit.d from t.e shale, while quart. originat.ng from t.e sandst.ne is predominant.in t.e fine-sand fract.on. Addit.onally, a possible soil-forming process observed at.t.e bot. st.dy sit.s was ferrolysis, which was indicat.d by a clear decreasing pat.ern of HICs downward in t.e soil profiles, t.e ent.y of S/I and vert.cal dist.ibut.on pat.erns for a couple of clay minerals in t.e pedon suggest.d t.at.t.e soils in Abakaliki have developed under t.e significant.influence of aeolian dust.delivered by t.e Harmat.an. t.e findings might.describe a sit.-specific deposit.on pat.ern of Harmat.an dust. as well as hydromorphic soil-forming processes in t.e wet.ands of t.e inland valleys.

关键词： aeolian dust ferrolysis hydromorphic soil hydroxyl-A1 int.rlayered 2:1 t.pe clays Sout.east.Nigeria

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Efficiency of soil and wat.r conservat.on pract.ces in different.agro-ecological environment. in t.e Upper Blue Nile Basin of Et.iopia

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第2期10卷 249-263页

作者： Dagnenet.SULt.N At.ushi t.UNEKAWA Nigussie HAREGEWEYN Enyew ADGO Mit.uru t.UBO Derege t.MESHESHA t.ugiyuki masunaga Dagnachew AKLOG Ayele A FENt. Kindiye EBABU t.e Unit.d Graduat. School of Agricult.ral Sciences Tottori University School of Civil and Wat.r Resource Engineering Institute of Technology Bahir Dar University Arid Land Research Cent.r Tottori University Int.rnat.onal Plat.orm for Dryland Research and Educat.on Tottori University Depart.ent.of Nat.ral Resources Management Bahir Dar University Inst.t.t. for Soil Climate and Water Agricultural Research Council Facult. of Life and Environment.l Science Shimane University Cent.r for Int.rnat.onal Affairs Tottori University

In developing count.ies such as Et.iopia, research t. develop and promot. soil and wat.r conservat.on pract.ces rarely addressed regional diversit.. Using a wat.r-balance approach in t.is st.dy, we used runoff plot. from t.ree sit.s, each represent.ng a different.agro-ecological environment. e.g., high, mid and low in bot. elevat.on and rainfall, in t.e Upper Blue Nile Basin of Et.iopia t. examine t.e runoff response and runoff conservat.on efficiency of a range of different.soil and wat.r conservat.on measures and t.eir impact. on soil moist.re. t.e plot. at.each sit. represent.d common land use t.pes（cult.vat.d vs. non-agricult.ral land use t.pes） and slopes（gent.e and st.ep）. Seasonal runoff from cont.ol plot. in t.e highlands ranged 214–560 versus 253–475 mm at.midlands and 119–200 mm at.lowlands. t.e t.ree soil and wat.r conservat.on t.chniques applied in cult.vat.d land increased runoff conservat.on efficiency by 32% t. 51%, depending on t.e sit.. At.t.e moist.subt.opical sit. in a highland region, soil and wat.r conservat.on increased soil moist.re enough t. pot.nt.ally cause wat.rlogging, which was absent.at.t.e lowrainfall sit.s. Soil bunds combined wit. Vet.veria zizanioides grass in cult.vat.d land and short.t.enches in grassland conserved t.e most.runoff（51% and 55%, respect.vely）. Runoff responses showed high spat.al variat.on wit.in and bet.een land use t.pes, causing high variat.on in soil and wat.r conservat.on efficiency. Our result. highlight.t.e need t. underst.nd t.e role of t.e agro-ecological environment.in t.e success of soil and wat.r conservat.on measures t. cont.ol runoff and hydrological dynamics. t.is underst.nding will support.policy development.t. promot. t.e adopt.on of suit.ble t.chniques t.at.can be t.st.d at.ot.er locat.ons wit. similar soil, climat.c, and t.pographic condit.ons.

关键词： agro-ecology drought.prone runoff coefficient runoff conservat.on efficiency Et.iopia

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Effect.of Polyacrylamide int.grat.d wit. ot.er soil amendment. on runoff and soil loss:Case st.dy from nort.west.Et.iopia

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Int.rnat.onal Soil and Wat.r Conservat.on Research 2022年第3期10卷 487-496页

作者： Birhanu Kebede At.ushi t.unekawa Nigussie Haregeweyn Mit.uru t.ubo t.mesgen Mulualem Amrakh I.Mamedov Derege t.egaye Meshesha Enyew Adgo Ayele Almaw Fent. Kindiye Ebabu t.ugiyuki masunaga Bahir Dar Inst.t.t. of t.chnology Bahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 26Bahir DarEthiopia Arid Land Research Cent.r Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori680-0001Japan Int.rnat.onal Plat.orm for Dry Land Research and Educat.on Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori680-0001Japan College of Agricult.re and Environment.l Sciences Bahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 1289Bahir DarEthiopia Facult. of Life and Environment.l Science Shimane UniversityShimane Matsue690-0823Japan

Anionic polyacrylamide(PAM)has t.e pot.nt.al t. reduce soil erosion t.rough soil ***,a comprehensive st.dy about.it. effect.veness especially when applied combined wit. ot.er amendment. have rarely been conduct.d in t.e t.opical highland climat.c condit.ons,such as in *** st.dy assessed t.e effect.veness of PAM(P=40 kg ha^(-1))alone or int.grat.d wit. ot.er soil amendment. such as gypsum(G=5 t.ha^(-1)),lime(L=4 t.ha^(-1))and biochar(B=8 t.ha^(-1))on runoff and soil loss at.Aba Gerima wat.rshed in t.e Upper Blue Nile basin,nort.west.of Et.iopia,where t.ere is high erosion-caused soil degradat.on.A t.t.l of 79 daily runoff and sediment.dat. were collect.d from eight.runoff plot.(1.3m×4m)wit. t.ree replicat.ons plant.d wit. t.ff(Eragrost.s t.f)crop for t.o years(2018&2019)rainy *** changes in soil physicochemical propert.es and crop growt. paramet.rs were *** reduced seasonal runoff by 12–39%and soil loss by 13–53%.t.e highest.reduct.on in runoff was observed from P+B and PAM t.eat.ent. while t.e highest.reduct.on in soil loss was observed from t.at.of P+L and PAM *** PAM wit. ot.er amendment. improved soil st.uct.ral st.bilit.,moist.re cont.nt.soil pH(P+L)and organic mat.er(P+B),leading t. favorable environment.for crop growt.(biomass yield)and reduced runoff and soil *** PAM,biochar and lime amendment. may need more t.me aft.r applicat.on t. be more *** cont.nuing t.e field experiment.and st.dying physico-chemical mechanisms for ext.nded period will bet.er elucidat. t.eir single or combined effect.veness over t.me.

关键词： Dryland Soil amendment. Polyacrylamide Soil erosion Soil propert.es

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t.llage and crop management.impact. on soil loss and crop yields in nort.west.rn Et.iopia

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Int.rnat.onal Soil and Wat.r Conservat.on Research 2022年第1期10卷 75-85页

作者： Fekremariam Asargew Mihret.e At.ushi t.unekawa Nigussie Haregeweyn Enyew Adgo Mit.uru t.ubo Kindiye Ebabu t.ugiyuki masunaga Birhanu Kebede Derege t.egaye Meshesha Wat.ru t.uji Muluken Bayable Mulat. Liyew Berihun t.e Unit.d Graduat. School of Agricult.ral Sciences Tottori University4-101 Koyama-MinamiTottori680-8553Japan Amhara Regional Agricult.ral Research Inst.t.t. P.O.Box527Bahir DarEthiopia Arid Land Research Cent.r Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori680-0001Japan Int.rnat.onal Plat.orm for Dryland Research and Educat.on Tottori University1390 HamasakaTottori680-0001Japan College of Agricult.re and Environment.l Sciences Bahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box 1289Bahir DarEthiopia Facult. of Life and Environment.l Science Shimane UniversityShimaneJapan Facult. of Civil and Wat.r Resource Engineering Bahir Dar Institute of TechnologyBahir Dar UniversityP.O.Box252Bahir DarEthiopia Facult. of Agricult.re Tottori UniversityTottoriJapan

Lack of appropriat. agronomic pract.ces is one of t.e major causes for soil erosion and low yields in t.ff(Eragrost.s t.f[Zucc.])product.on in Et.iopia.A 3-yr st.dy was conduct.d at.t.e Aba Gerima wat.rshed in nort.west.rn Et.iopia,t. invest.gat. t.e effect. of t.o t.llage pract.ces(reduced t.llage[Rt.and convent.onal t.llage[Ct.),t.o plant.ng met.ods(row plant.ng[RP]and broadcast.plant.ng[BP]),and t.o compact.on opt.ons(wit.[+t.and wit.out.-t.t.ampling)on soil loss and t.ff yields in a split.split.plot.*** concent.at.on ranged from 0.01 t. 5.37 g L^(-1)(mean,0.25 g L^(-1))in our ***,t.e est.mat.d t.t.l(August.Oct.ber)soil loss ranged from 0.2 t. 0.5 t.ha^(-1)(mean,0.3 t.ha^(-1)).t.e sediment.concent.at.on and t.t.l soil loss were significant.y influenced(Pt.llage,plant.ng met.ods,and t.ampling only in t.e t.ird monit.ring *** reduced soil loss by 19% relat.ve t. t.at.of Ct.whereas RP result.d in a 13%reduct.on in soil loss over ***-t.plot. showed a 15%reduct.on in soil loss as compared t.+t.*** revealed significant.increase in soil t.t.l carbon and nit.ogen in Rt.*** soil loss and great.r t.ff grain yield were obt.ined in plot. wit. improved agronomic pract.ces(Rt.and RP)compared t. convent.onal ones(Ct.and BP).Based on our findings we conclude t.at.t.e use of Rt.RP,and-t.pract.ces can effect.vely minimize soil loss wit.out.any crop yield penalt..

关键词： Drought.resist.nce Grain yield Reduced t.llage Row plant.ng Soil erosion t.ff

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用地理信息系统研究1993年钏路近海地震破坏和地震烈度分布的评估方法

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世界地震译丛 1996年第6期27卷 58-63页

作者： K.Amakuni K.masunaga t.Mochizuki t.Enomot. H.Kagami N.Okada 王永才河北省地震局

引言 1993年1月15日钏路近海地震是震级为7.8的强震,震源深度约为30 km,震中位于北海道钏路近海,北海道至关东地区有感,由于接近震源,钏路市烈度鉴定为日本烈度表的6度。震后4天本文诸作者开始在现场调查,包括破坏调查和场地信息的搜集... 详细信息

引言 1993年1月15日钏路近海地震是震级为7.8的强震,震源深度约为30 km,震中位于北海道钏路近海,北海道至关东地区有感,由于接近震源,钏路市烈度鉴定为日本烈度表的6度。震后4天本文诸作者开始在现场调查,包括破坏调查和场地信息的搜集,然后用约2～3个月的时间,

关键词： GIS 地震烈度震源深度钏路近海

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清除太空垃圾

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2022年第1期 22-23,43,44页

作者： Samant.a masunaga 徐佩仪(译) 不详

太空浩瀚无垠,但是地球周围的太空却越来越拥挤。由于新科技和相互竞争的宇航公司大量出现,导致进入近地轨道的成本更低廉了。但是太空中的物体越多,意味着使飞船受损的撞击事件可能也会越多。围绕地球的废弃垃圾层若不断增加,最终可能... 详细信息

太空浩瀚无垠,但是地球周围的太空却越来越拥挤。由于新科技和相互竞争的宇航公司大量出现,导致进入近地轨道的成本更低廉了。但是太空中的物体越多,意味着使飞船受损的撞击事件可能也会越多。围绕地球的废弃垃圾层若不断增加,最终可能就没有空间来容纳未来有用的新卫星了。

关键词：近地轨道宇航公司撞击事件浩瀚无垠太空相互竞争地球

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Performance t.st.of a Neut.on Det.ct.r Using Side-Light.ng Opt.cal Fiber

Performance Test of a Neutron Detector Using Side-Lighting O...

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作者： H.t.naka Y.Sakurai J.Hori t.Misawa t.Yagi Y.Kawabat. M.Suzuki S,masunaga A.Maruhashi K.Ono Research React.r Inst.t.t. Kyoto University

INt.ODUCt.ON:t. det.ct.t.o-dimensional dist.ibut.on of t.ermal neut.ons is necessary for t.eat.ent.of Boron Neut.on Capt.re t.erapy(BNCt..In general, t.o-dimensional array wavelengt. shift.r fiber coupled wit. scint.llat.r has been used as neut.on imaging det.ct.r. However,at.t.e neut.on field of BNCt.t.ermal neut.on flux is very high up t. 10(n/cm/s) compared wit. ot.er neut.on fields such as neut.on scat.ering experiment. et...t.e det.riorat.on of t.e signal caused by radiat.on damage in wavelengt. shift.ng fiber will be serious problem t. obt.in precise informat.on of t.ermal

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Usefulness of Hexamet.ylenet.t.amine as an Adjuvant.t. Radiot.erapy and Cisplat.n t.eat.ent.for Solid t.mors:it. independency of p53 St.t.s

Usefulness of Hexamethylenetetramine as an Adjuvant to Radio...

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作者： S.masunaga K.t.no J.Nakamura M.Wat.nabe G.Kashino A.t.kahashi H.t.naka Y.Sakurai M.Suzuki K.Ohnishi Y.Kinashi Y.Liu t.Ohnishi K.Ono Universit. of Nort. Carolina at.Chapel Hill USA Nara Medical Universit.

BACKGROUNDS AND PURPOSES:Formaldehyde preserves or fixes t.ssue or cells by irreversibly cross-linking primary amine groups in prot.ins wit. ot.er nearby nit.ogen at.ms in prot.in or DNA t.rough a -CH2- *** acid-dependent.formaldehyde donor, hexamet.ylenet.t.amine(HMt.),has been used as an ant.sept.c for urinary t.act.infect.ons and it.has been supposed t. be charact.rized as a non-carcinogen in animals. In t.e hypoxic condit.on in a solid t.mor,pyruvat.

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Modified boron neut.on capt.re t.erapy for malignant.gliomas performed using epit.ermal neut.on and t.o boron compounds wit. different.accumulat.on mechanisms： an efficacy st.dy based on findings on neuroimages

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中国神经肿瘤杂志 2005年第4期3卷 266-266页

作者： Miyat.ke S Kawabat. S Kafimot. Y Aoki A Yokoyama K Yamada M Kuroiwa t.t.uji M Imahori Y Kirihat. M Sakurai Y masunaga S Nagat. K Maruhashi A Ono K Depart.ent.of Neurosurgery Osaka Medical College Takatsuki City Japan

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