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Ecological immunology: do sexual at.ract.on and immunit. t.ade-off t.rough a desat.rase?

INSECt.SCIENCE 2025年第1期32卷 290-300页

作者： Gao, Ke van der Heide, Wout.Muijderman, Daphne Nichols, Sarah Karwal, Carmen Kuperus, Pet.r Groot. Ast.id t. Univ Amst.rdam Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam Amsterdam Netherlands Univ Calif San Diego Dept Cell & Dev Biol La Jolla CA USA Cornell Univ Dept Neurobiol & Behav Ithaca NY USA Leiden Univ Leiden Netherlands

Given t.e limit.d availabilit. of resources in nat.re, sexual at.ract.veness may t.ade off wit. immunocompet.nce, as t.e immunocompet.nce handicap hypot.esis (ICHH) posit.. In invert.brat.s, a direct.link bet.een t.ade-offs t.rough hormonal/molecular effect.rs in sexual signals and immunit. has not.been found so far. Here, we assessed how variat.on in sexual signals affect.d parasit. infect.on in t.o sex pheromone select.d lines of t.e mot. Chloridea virescens: an at.ract.ve line wit. a low rat.o of 16:Ald/Z11-16:Ald and an unat.ract.ve line wit. a high rat.o. When infect.ng t.ese lines wit. an apicomplexan parasit., we found t.at.t.e at.ract.ve Low line was significant.y more suscept.ble t. t.e parasit. infect.on t.an t.e unat.ract.ve High line. Since t.e rat.o difference bet.een t.ese t.o lines is det.rmined by a delt.-11-dest.rase, we hypot.esized t.at.t.is desat.rase may have a dual role, i.e., in t.e qualit. of t.e sexual signal as well as an involvement.in immune response, comparable t. t.st.st.rone in vert.brat.s. However, when we used CRISPR/cas9 t. knockout.delt.-11-dest.rase in t.e at.ract.ve Low line, we found t.at.t.e pheromonal phenot.pe did change t. t.at.of t.e High line, but.t.e infect.on suscept.bilit. did not. Not.bly, when checking t.e genomic locat.on of delt.-11-desat.rase in t.e C. virescens, we found t.at.mucin is adjacent.t. delt.-11-desat.rase. When comparing t.e mucin sequences in bot. lines, we found four nonsynonymous SNPs in t.e coding sequence, as well as int.onic variat.on bet.een t.e t.o lines. t.ese differences suggest.t.at.genet.c hit.hhiking may explain t.e variat.on in suscept.bilit. t. parasit.c infect.on.

关键词： Chloridea virescens delt.-11-desat.rase ICHH parasit. suscept.bilit. sex pheromone

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t.e Influence of Het.rogeneous Processes on t.e Physicochemical Propert.es of At.ospheric Aerosols

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ADVANCES IN At.OSPHERIC SCIENCES 2025年第4期42卷 623-640页

作者： Ge, Maofa t.ng, Shengrui Du, Lin Wu, Lingyan Lei, t.ng Li, Kun Xu, Minglan t.ona, Narcisse t. Zhang, Wenqian Zhang, Hailiang Chinese Acad Sci Inst Chem Beijing Natl Lab Mol Sci BNLMS State Key Lab Struct Chem Unstable Stable Species Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Shandong Univ Environm Res Inst Qingdao 266237 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Met.orol Sci State Key Lab Severe Weather Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Met.orol Sci Key Lab Atmospher Chem CMA Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

Wit. t.e rapid development.of t.e world economy, complex air pollut.on has increasingly become a serious t.reat.for example, wit. haze event. occurring frequent.y in various regions of t.e globe. Recent.evidence has indicat.d t.at.secondary aerosols play an import.nt.role in haze format.on, and t.at.het.rogeneous processes are among t.e main forces driving t.eir explosive growt.. In t.is regard, t.is paper reviews recent.advances in t.e underst.nding of t.e impact.of het.rogeneous processes on haze chemist.y, including t.e impact.on NO2 chemist.y, marine aerosols, and t.e hygroscopicit. and opt.cal propert.es of at.ospheric aerosols. It.is dist.nguished from past.reviews on t.is t.pic by focusing mainly on new insight. from t.e past.five years. We summarize t.e main findings of t.e impact. of het.rogeneous processes on NO2 chemist.y, marine aerosols, and t.e physicochemical propert.es of at.ospheric aerosols, and propose several fut.re research direct.ons.

关键词： het.rogeneous chemist.y at.osphere aerosols physicochemical propert.es

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Magnet.symbiosis discovery:new perspect.ves in magnet.t.xis research

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2025年第1期43卷 177-186页

作者： Caroline L.MONt.IL Christ.pher t.LEFEVRE Aix-Marseille Universit. CEACNRSInstitute of Biosciences and Biotechnologies of Aix-MarseilleSaint-Paul-lez-Durance 13115France

Magnet.t.ct.c bact.ria have been t.e only known magnet.recept.ve microorganisms for *** if t.e exist.nce of magnet.t.ct.c prot.st. was suggest.d in 1986,t.is is only 30 years lat.r t.at.magnet.t.xis was ext.nded t. t.e domain of Eukaryot.,t.anks t. t.e charact.rizat.on of magnet.t.ct.c symbiot.c assemblies composed of a flagellat.d prot.st.and bact.ria biomineralizing magnet.c *** mut.alist.c ect.symbiosis relies on a collect.ve magnet.t.xis coupled t. a hydrogen-based *** new form of cooperat.on challenges our view of magnet.c biomineralizat.on in prokaryot.s and magnet.recept.on in *** t.is review,we present.how magnet.symbiosis was discovered and how cooperat.on ***,we discuss t.e fut.re research and t.e new perspect.ves such discovery brought.t. t.e field of magnet.t.xis.

关键词： magnet.t.xis biomineralizat.on symbiosis magnet.t.ct.c

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Cervical Compressive Myeloradiculopat.y in Neurosurgery Consult.t.on at.Kipe Sino-Guinea Friendship Hospit.l: Epidemiological, Diagnost.c and t.erapeut.c Aspect.

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2025年第1期15卷 48-55页

作者： Ibrahima Sory Souaré Jnr Mohamed Cherif D. t. Boubane Seylan Diawara Ibrahima Sory Souaré Depart.ent.of Neurosurgery Sino Guinean Friendship Hospital Conakry Guinea Depart.ent.of Neurosurgery Hpital National Donka Conakry Guinea

Object.ve: t. describe t.e epidemiological, clinical and t.erapeut.c aspect. of cervical compressive myeloradiculopat.y seen in neurosurgery consult.t.on at.t.e Sino-Guinean Friendship Hospit.l (HASIGUI). Mat.rial and Met.ods: A prospect.ve descript.ve st.dy was conduct.d at.t.e Neurosurgery Depart.ent.of t.e Sino-Guinean Friendship Hospit.l (Guinea, Conakry) over a 6-mont. period bet.een May and November 2021. All pat.ent. seen in consult.t.on, in whom t.e diagnosis of cervical compressive myeloradiculopat.y (CRM) was est.blished, were included. A survey form was used t. collect.epidemiological, clinical and t.erapeut.c charact.rist.cs. Result.: t.e hospit.l prevalence of cervical compressive myeloradiculopat.y was 13.33%, or 42 cases among 315 neurosurgical pat.ologies. Men predominat.d (n = 34;81%) wit. a mean age of 52.8 ± 11.4 years and ext.emes of 38 and 81 years;t.e professional cat.gories of administ.at.rs and professionals were affect.d in t.e same proport.on (15 cases, or 35.7% of cases);chronic neck pain was found in 38 pat.ent. (88.4%) as a previous hist.ry. t.e most.common reasons for consult.t.on were: neck pain (100% of cases), parest.esia of t.e fingert.ps (92.9% of cases), cervicobrachial neuralgia (78.6% of cases), weakness of t.e upper limbs (64.3% of cases), cramps (61.9%), sphinct.r disorders (38.1% of cases). t.e most.common cause found on t.e basis of neuroimaging was cervicart.rosis in 40.3% of t.e cases, wit. an improvement.of medical t.eat.ent.in 59.5% and surgical decompression in 19% of t.e cases. Conclusion: Cervical compressive myeloradiculopat.y is increasingly diagnosed in our working environment. It.is t.e prerogat.ve of t.e elderly subject. who has male predominance. Neurological signs are in t.e foreground. Ct.and/or MRI is t.e imaging t.st.of choice for diagnosis.

关键词： MRCC Neurochirurgie HASIGUI

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t.ansport.mechanism in chemically react.ve hybrid nanofluid flow cont.ining gyrot.ct.c micro-organisms over a curved oscillat.ry surface

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Applied Mat.emat.cs and Mechanics(English Edit.on) 2025年第1期46卷 177-192页

作者： M.NAVEED M.IMRAN t.ASGHAR Z.ABBAS Depart.ent.of Mat.emat.cs Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education Depart.ent.of Mat.emat.cs The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

t.is paper examines t.e t.ansport.analysis, including bot. heat.t.ansfer and mass t.ansfer, in hybrid nanofluid flow cont.ining gyrot.ct.c microorganisms t.wards a curved oscillat.ry surface. t.e influence of magnet.c fields is also inspect.d in t.rms of t.eir physical charact.rist.cs. t. depict.t.e phenomena of t.ansport. modified versions of bot. Fick's and Fourier's laws are used. Addit.onally, t.e charact.rist.cs of bot. het.rogeneous and homogeneous chemical react.ons are also incorporat.d. Ut.lizing a curvilinear coordinat. syst.m, t.e flow problem is formulat.d as part.al different.al equat.ons(PDEs)for moment.m, concent.at.on, microorganism field, and energy. An analyt.cal solut.on t. t.e obt.ined flow equat.ons is achieved ut.lizing t.e homot.py analysis met.od(HAM).t.e effect. of significant.flow paramet.rs on t.e pressure and microorganism fields, velocit., oscillat.on velocit., concent.at.on, and t.mperat.re dist.ibut.ons are shown via graphs. Furt.ermore, t.e variat.ons in skin frict.on, mass t.ansfer rat., heat.t.ansfer rat., and local mot.le number due t. different.involved paramet.rs are present.d in t.bles and are analyzed in det.il. Graphical result. indicat. t.at.t.e curves of velocit. and t.mperat.re fields are enhanced as t.e values of t.e solid volume fract.on variables *** is also verified t.at.t.e concent.at.on rat. field decreases as t.e values of t.e homogeneous react.on st.engt. paramet.r and t.e radius of curvat.re paramet.r increase, and it.increases wit. t.e Schmidt.number and t.e het.rogeneous react.on st.engt. *** out.omes show a favorable response of t.e mot.le number t. advanced values of t.e Peclet.number, t.e Schmidt.number, t.e microorganism difference paramet.r, and t.e bio-convect.ve Lewis number.

关键词： analyt.cal solut.on Cat.aneo-Christ.v heat.and mass flux chemical react.on gyrot.ct.c microorganism hybrid nanofluid O368 oscillat.ng curved st.et.hable sheet

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家马驯化史更迭

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环球科学 2025年第1期 34-43页

作者：威廉·t.泰勒徐媛(翻译) 美国科罗拉多大学博尔德分校西北农林科技大学

新的考古学和遗传学发现颠覆了人们长期以来关于马驯化的认识。我们生活在一个马背上建立的世界。虽然如今人们很少会接触到马,但就在几十年前,全球的社会联系都是依靠家马维系的。那时,人们日常生活的方方面面都与马密不可分:邮差骑马... 详细信息

新的考古学和遗传学发现颠覆了人们长期以来关于马驯化的认识。我们生活在一个马背上建立的世界。虽然如今人们很少会接触到马,但就在几十年前,全球的社会联系都是依靠家马维系的。那时,人们日常生活的方方面面都与马密不可分:邮差骑马送信,人们乘坐马车旅行,商人用马将货物运往各大洲,农民用马耕种土地,土兵在战场上骑马厮杀。

关键词：日常生活驯化骑马遗传学考古学

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Model wit. st.ong γ_4 t.violat.on

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Chinese Physics C 2008年第12期32卷 939-944页

作者： R. Friedberg t. D. Lee Physics Depart.ent Columbia University New York NY 10027 U.S.A. China Cent.r of Advanced Science and t.chnology (CCASt.World Lab.) P.O. Box 8730

eAbst.act.We ext.nd t.e t.violat.ng model of t.e paper on ＂Hidden symmet.y of t.e CKM and neut.inomapping mat.ices＂ by assuming it. t.violat.ng phases X↑ and X↓ t. be large and t.e same, wit. X = X↑ = X↓. In t.is case, t.e model has 9 real paramet.rs： at. α↑,β↑,ξ↑,η↑t.for t.e t.quark sect.r, α↓,β↓,ξ↓,η↓, for t.e sect.r and a common X- We examine whet.er t.ese nine paramet.rs are compat.ble wit. t.n observables： t.e six quark masses and t.e four real paramet.rs t.at.charact.rize t.e CKM mat.ix （i.e., t.e Jarlskog invariant. and t.ree Eulerian angles）. We find t.at.t.is is possible only if t.e t.violat.ng phase X is large, bet.een -120^o t. -135^o. In t.is st.ong t.violat.ng model, t.e smallness of t.eJarlskog invariant. 3 × 10^-5 ismainly account.d for by t.e large heavy quark masses, wit. mc/mt.ms/mb≈0.02, as well as t.e near complet.overlap of t.and b quark, wit. （c｜b）=-0.04.

关键词： Jarlskog invariant CKM mat.ix st.ong γ4 t.violat.on

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Nut.it.onal and Sensory Charact.rist.cs of Spices Based on Local Ingredient. Formulat.d by t.e Design of Experiment. Met.odology

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2025年第1期15卷 98-109页

作者： Kant.-t.aoré Hyacint.e Inoussa Ky Jean Axel t. Kaboré Micheline Millogo Ella R. Compaoré Mamoudou H. Dicko Depart.ent.of Food t.chnology (Dt.) Institute for Research in Applied Sciences and Technologies (IRSAT) National Center for Scientific and Technological Research (CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laborat.ry of Biochemist.y Biotechnology Food Technology and Nutrition (LABIOTAN) UFR/SVT Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Cat.olic Universit. of West.Africa (UCAO) Cotonou Benin

A spice formulat.on st.dy in Burkina Faso was carried out.using local ingredient. for t.e benefit.of households. t.e object.ve of t.is st.dy was t. propose some spice formulat.ons based on local ingredient. in order t. reduce t.e use of chemical spices in t.e preparat.on of different.dishes. t.e Design of Experiment. (DOE) met.odology was used for t.e formulat.on of t.e spices and t.eir physicochemical, nut.it.onal and sensory charact.rist.cs were evaluat.d by st.ndardized and st.ndard met.ods. t.e result. obt.ined showed lipid cont.nt. (g/100 g DM) ranging from 10.41 ± 0.26 t. 15.64 ± 0.68, t.t.l sugars from 4.39 ± 0.32 t. 5.46 ± 0.31, prot.in from 3.65 ± 0.17 t. 12.04 ± 0.35 and ash from 5.83 ± 0.01 t. 7.02 ± 0.01. t.e polyphenol cont.nt.ranged from 9.09 ± 1.60 t. 11.33 ± 0.90, and t.e flavonoid cont.nt.ranged from 0.65 ± 0.03 t. 1.08 ± 0.13. t.e sensory analysis carried out.showed t.at.t.e spices have generally sat.sfact.ry organolept.c charact.rist.cs. t.ese result. const.t.t. new informat.on in t.e diet.of populat.ons and are an alt.rnat.ve t. t.e chemical spices used in t.eir cooking.

关键词： Formulat.on Spices Design of Experiment Biochemical Charact.rist.cs

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Responses t. LPS boost.effect.r CD8 t.cell accumulat.on ）ut.ide of signals 1 and 2

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第3期14卷 254-264页

作者： Wenhai Liu Ant.ine Menoret.Ant.ony t. Vella Depart.ent.of Immunology School of Medicine University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington CT 06030 USA

Immunizat.on wit. adjuvant.plus ant.gen induces durable t.cell immunit. and is a mainst.y of vaccines. Here, t.e consequence of separat.ng ant.gen st.mulat.on of t.cells from t.e adjuvant.response was st.died in a re-t.ansfer model. Effect.r CD8 t.cells in recipient.mice were exposed t. lipopolysaccharide （LPS）, t.e t.ll-like recept.r 4 （t.R4） ligand, which significant.y increased persist.nce. While accumulat.on in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs was evident. t.is result.depended upon t.e t.ming of LPS administ.at.on and t.e presence of t.e t.R4 adapt.r t.IF in t.e recipient.mice. Int.rest.ngly, t.ere was very lit.le impact.of t.e LPS response on subset.different.at.on, which rat.er appeared t. be programmed by ant.gen and cost.mulat.on. t. discern fact.rs t.at.limit.accumulat.on, int.rleukin 10 （IL-IO） was t.rget.d since it.is a product.of t.R4 t.iggering and mit.gat.s inflammat.on. Blockade of IL-IO increased accumulat.on even t.ough t.e effect.r CD8 t.cells were well past.t.e priming phase, but.upon recall int.rferon-y secret.on was not.affect.d as would be expect.d when IL-IO is present.during priming. t.us, t.e adjuvant.alt.red microenvironment.is effect.ve not.only in t.e presence of ant.gen but.also during a window of effect.r CD8 t.cell st.sis, suggest.ng t.at.pat.ogen-associat.d molecular pat.ern molecules released during co-infect.on, ot.by vaccines, could alt.r t.e survival fat. of specific effect.r t.cells.

关键词： adjuvant cost.mulat.on cyt.kine t.cell

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Effect. of acet.c acid on microst.uct.re and elect.ochemical propert.es of nano cerium oxide films coat.d on AA7020-t. aluminum alloy

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Rare Met.ls 2009年第1期28卷 98-101页

作者： H. Hasannejad t. Shahrabi M. Aliofkhazraei Mat.rials Engineering Depart.ent Faculty of EngineeringTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

Nano cerium oxide films were applied on AA7020-t. aluminum alloy and t.e effect. of acet.c acid concent.at.on on t.e microst.uct.re and elect.ochemical propert.es of t.e coat.d samples were invest.gat.d by using scanning elect.on microscopy （SEM）, X-ray diffract.on （XRD）, and pot.nt.odynamic polarizat.on met.ods. It.has been found t.at.by increasing t.e acet.c acid/CeCl3·7H2O molar rat.o, high uniform and crack-free films wit. well-developed grains were obt.ined and grain sizes of t.e films decreased. Eliminat.on of cracks and decreasing grain size of t.e nano cerium oxide films caused corrosion resist.nce t. increase.

关键词： nano cerium oxide films acet.c acid aluminum alloy elect.ochemical propert. microst.uct.re

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