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What Security Questions Do Developers Ask？ A Large-Scale Study of Stack Overflow Posts

Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2016年第5期31卷 910-924页

作者： Xin-Li Yang David lo Xin Xia Zhi-Yuan Wan Jian-Ling Sun College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China School of Information Systems Singapore Management University Singapore Singapore

Security has always been a popular and critical topic. With the rapid development of information technology, it is always attracting people＇s attention. However, since security has a long history, it covers a wide range of topics which change a lot, from classic cryptography to recently popular mobile security. There is a need to investigate security-related topics and trends, which can be a guide for security researchers, security educators and security practitioners. To address the above-mentioned need, in this paper, we conduct a large-scale study on security-related questions on Stack Overflow. Stack Overflow is a popular on-line question and answer site for software developers to communicate, collaborate, and share information with one another. There are many different topics among the numerous questions posted on Stack Overflow and security-related questions occupy a large proportion and have an important and significant position. We first use two heuristics to extract from the dataset the questions that are related to security based on the tags of the posts. And then we use an advanced topic model, Latent Diriehlet Allocation （LDA） tuned using Genetic Algorithm （GA）, to cluster different security-related questions based on their texts. After obtaining the different topics of security-related questions, we use their metadata to make various analyses. We summarize all the topics into five main categories, and investigate the popularity and difficulty of different topics as well. Based on the results of our study, we conclude several implications for researchers, educators and practitioners.

关键词： security Stack Overflow empirical study topic model

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Fault Diagnosis Scheme for Railway Switch Machine Using Multi-Sensor Fusion Tensor Machine

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4533-4549页

作者： Chen Chen Zhongwei Xu Meng Mei Kai Huang Siu Ming lo School of Electronic and Information Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai201804China Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Computer Engineering Jimei UniversityXiamen361021China

Railway switch machine is essential for maintaining the safety and punctuality of train operations.A data-driven fault diagnosis scheme for railway switch machine using tensor machine and multi-representation monitoring data is developed *** existing methods,this approach takes into account the spatial information of the time series monitoring data,aligning with the domain expertise of on-site manual ***,a multi-sensor fusion tensor machine is designed to improve single signal data’s limitations in insufficient ***,one-dimensional signal data is preprocessed and transformed into two-dimensional ***,the fusion feature tensor is created by utilizing the images of the three-phase current and employing the CANDE-COMP/PARAFAC(CP)decomposition ***,the tensor learning-based model is built using the extracted fusion feature *** developed fault diagnosis scheme is valid with the field three-phase current *** experiment indicates an enhanced performance of the developed fault diagnosis scheme over the current approach,particularly in terms of recall,precision,and F1-score.

关键词： Railway switch machine tensor machine fault diagnosis

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long noncoding RNAs in hepatitis B virus replication and oncogenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第25期28卷 2823-2842页

作者： Hui-Chun Li Chee-Hing Yang Shih-Yen lo Department of Biochemistry Tzu Chi UniversityHualien 97004Taiwan Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology Tzu Chi UniversityHualien 97004Taiwan Department of Laboratory Medicine Buddhist Tzu Chi General HospitalHualien 97004Taiwan

Several diverse long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)have been identified to be involved in hepatitis B virus(HBV)replication and oncogenesis,especially those dysregulated in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Most of these dysregulated lncRNAs are modulated by the HBV X *** regulatory mechanisms of some lncRNAs in HBV replication and oncogenesis have been *** polymorphisms of several lncRNAs affecting HBV replication or oncogenesis have also been *** prognosis of HCC remains *** is important to identify novel tumor markers for early diagnosis and find more therapeutic targets for effective treatments of *** dysregulated lncRNAs in HBV-related HCC may become biomarkers for early diagnosis and/or the therapeutic targets of *** mini-review summarizes these findings briefly,focusing on recent developments.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Hepatocellular carcinoma long noncoding RNAs Hepatitis B virus X protein Biomarker

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Preparation of cross-linked magnetic chitosan with quaternary ammonium and its application for Cr(Ⅵ) and P(Ⅴ) removal

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第12期26卷 2379-2386页

作者： Wei Yao Pinhua Rao Irene M.C.lo Wenqi Zhang Wenrui Zheng School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

Pollutants that exist in anionic species are issues of concern in water treatment. Compared to cationic pollutants, the removal of anionic pollutants by adsorption is more difficult because most adsorbents carry predominantly negative charges in neutral and alkaline environments. In this study, a cross-linked chitosan derivative with quaternary ammonium and magnetic properties（QM-chitosan） was prepared and employed to remove chromium（VI） and phosphorus（V）（Cr（VI） and P（V）） from aqueous environments. The QM-chitosan was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry（FT-IR）,thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）, energy dispersive X-ray（SEM-EDX） and zeta *** experiments show that QM-chitosan can effectively remove Cr（VI） and P（V）, and the main mechanism was believed to be electrostatic interaction. A pseudosecond-order model was fitted to describe the kinetic processes of Cr（VI） and P（V） removal. The adsorption isotherms of both Cr（VI） and P（V） on the QM-chitosan were well fitted by the Langmuir isotherm equation. The saturated adsorption capacity of P（V）（2.783 mmol/g） was found to be higher than that of Cr（VI）（2.323 mmol/g）, resulting from the size of the H2PO-4ions being smaller than that of the HCr O-4ions. However, the theoretical calculation and experimental results showed that QM-chitosan had a stronger affinity for Cr（VI） than P（V）. The adsorption–desorption of the QM-chitosan was evaluated, and high regeneration rates were demonstrated.

关键词： Magnetic chitosan Quaternary ammonium Cr(VI) P(V) Adsorption

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Focus on intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection （IMSI）. a mini-review

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第5期15卷 608-615页

作者： Giuseppe lo Monte Fabien Murisier Isabella Piva Marc Germond Roberto Marci Department of Morphology Surgery and Experimental Medicine University of Ferrara Ferrara 44121 Italy CPMA Centre of Reproductive Medicine 1003 Lausanne Switzerland

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection （ICSI） is the recommended treatment in many cases of male-factor infertility. Several studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between optimal sperm morphology and positive ICSI outcomes. In fact, spermatozoa with severe abnormalities of the head are well documented to be associated with low fertilisation, implantation and pregnancy rates. However, a spermatozoon which is classified as ＇normal＇ by microscopic observation at low magnification could contain ultrastructural defects that impair both the fertilisation process and embryonic development. The intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection （IMSI） procedure changed the perception of how a spermatozoon suitable for injection should appear. Sperm selection is carried out at x 6000 magnification, allowing improved assessment of the sperm nucleus. Currently, standardized clinical indications for I MSI are lacking and the candidates are selected on the grounds of their medical history or of a careful analysis of the sperm suspension. Further prospective randomized studies are needed to confirm the advantages of IMSI in specific groups of patients. In addition to providing a brief overview of the IMSI procedure, this study aims to review the literature, which explains the theoretical basis and the clinical outcomes of this technique. Several reports show that IMSI is associated with improved implantation and clinical pregnancy rates as well as lower abortion rates when compared to ICSI. Although a possible correlation between the sperm＇s abnormal nucleus shape, increased DNA fragmentation and negative laboratory and clinical outcomes has been long investigated, the results are conflicting.

关键词： assisted reproduction technologies ICSI IMSI infertility

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Prevention of recurrent hepatitis B infection after liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2013年第5期12卷 465-472页

作者： Tiffany CL Wong James YY Fung Chung Mau lo Department of Surgery Queen Mary Hospital The University of Hong Kong102 Pokfulam Road Department of Medicine Queen Mary Hospital The University of Hong Kong102 Pokfulam Road

BACKGROUND:Recurrence of hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection after liver transplantation can lead to graft loss and a reduction in long-term *** purpose of this review is to summarize the current therapeutic options for preventing HBV recurrence in liver transplant *** SOURCES:Up to January 2013,studies that were published in MEDLINE and EMBASE on prevention of HBV recurrence after liver transplantation were ***:There have been remarkable advancements in the past two decades on the prevention of HBV recurrence after liver transplantation,from the discovery of hepatitis B immune globulin(HBIG) and lamivudine monotherapy to the combination therapy using HBIG and *** the development of newer and stronger antiviral agents,the need for life-long HBIG is *** their low resistance profile,oral antiviral prophylaxis using these new agents alone is sufficient and is associated with excellent ***:Restoration of host HBV immunity with adoptive immunity transfer and vaccination may represent the ultimate strategy to withdraw prophylactic treatment and to achieve a drug free regimen against HBV recurrence after liver transplantation.

关键词： hepatitis B liver transplantation hepatitis B immune globulin antiviral therapy adoptive immunity transfer HBV vaccination

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Mapping bone marrow niches of disseminated tumor cells

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第10期60卷 1125-1132页

作者： Weijie Zhang Hin Ching lo Xiang H.-F.Zhang Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX 77030 USA Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX 77030 USA Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX 77030 USA Graduate Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX 77030 USA McNair Medical Institute Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX 77030 USA

Breast cancer cells may disseminate early, before tumor diagnosis. Disseminated tumor cells, or DTCs, reside in the bone marrow, and may persist for years or even decades. Some of these cells may be re-activated to resume aggressive growth, and eventually become overt bone metastases. Recent studies have begun to shed light on this complicated process and revealed multiple steps and intermediate states of colonizing DTCs. However, how cancer-host interactions evolve during this process needs to be further understood. Most of our current knowledge of the bone microenvironment is obtained through studies looking for the hematopoietic stem cell(HSC) niche. Although this long-standing question has not yet been resolved, our search for the HSC niche has resulted in a detailed map of various cell types in the bone marrow. Furthermore, various techniques used to find the HSC niche may also be adapted for finding the cancer cell niche. In this article, we will review the recent progress in both the DTC and HSC areas with a focus on their potential microenvironment niches. We will also discuss how to apply what we have learned from HSC studies to map DTCs in the bone context. We hope to stimulate thoughts and ideas to further elucidate the bone colonization process, and develop potential therapeutic interventions.

关键词： disseminated tumor cells bone marrow niches hematopoietic stem cell niches 3D imaging

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Molecular epidemiology and phylogeny of Nipah virus infection:A mini review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第7期9卷 610-615页

作者： Silvia Angeletti Alessandra lo Presti Eleonora Cella Massimo Ciccozzi Unit of Clinical Pathology and Microbiology University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanità Public Health and Infectious Diseases Sapienza University

Nipah virus(Ni V) is a member of the genus Henipavirus of the family Paramyxoviridae,characterized by high pathogenicity and endemic in South *** is classified as a Biosafety Level-4(BSL-4) *** case-fatality varies from 40%-70% depending on the severity of the disease and on the availability of adequate healthcare *** present no antiviral drugs are available for Ni V disease and the treatment is just *** and evolutionary analyses can be used to help in understanding the epidemiology and the temporal origin of this *** review provides an overview of evolutionary studies performed on Nipah viruses circulating in different *** phylogenetic studies have been published from 2000 to 2015 years,searching on pub-med using the key words ‘Nipah virus AND phylogeny' and twenty-eight molecular epidemiological studies from 2006 to 2015 have been performed,typing the key words ‘Nipah virus AND molecular epidemiology'.Overall data from the published study demonstrated as phylogenetic and evolutionary analysis represent promising tools to evidence NiV epidemics,to study their origin and evolution and finally to act with effective preventive measure.

关键词： Nipah virus Phylogenetic analysis Molecular epidemiology NiV reservoir

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Autolysosomal acidification impairment as a mediator for TNFR1 induced neuronal necroptosis in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1869-1870页

作者： Evridiki Asimakidou Richard Reynolds Anna M.Barron Chih Hung lo Department of Clinical Neurosciences University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Department of Brain Sciences Faculty of MedicineImperial College LondonLondonUK Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore

Neuronal necroptosis-an emerging form of regulated cell death associated with neuroinflammatory signaling:Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is characterized by the presence of extracellular amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques and intracellular tau neurofibrillary tangles as well as progressive neuronal *** evidence has suggested that prolonged neuroinflammation with increased levels of cytokines,arising from neuronal injury,innate immune responses from glial cells,and peripheral inflammation,leads to neuronal death and AD progression.

关键词： Alzheimer death tau Aβ

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Mathematical Modeling of Cell Polarity Establishment of Budding Yeast

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 218-235页

作者： Yue Liu Jun Xie Hay-Oak Park Wing-Cheong lo Department of Mathematics City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina Department of Molecular Genetics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a powerful model system for studying the cell polarity *** cell polarization process is regulated by signaling molecules,which are initially distributed in the cytoplasm and then recruited to a proper location on the cell membrane in response to spatial cues or *** of these signaling molecules involves complex regulation,so the mathematical models become a useful tool to investigate the mechanism behind the *** this review,we discuss how mathematical modeling has shed light on different regulations in the cell *** also propose future applications for the mathematical modeling of cell polarization and morphogenesis.

关键词： Budding yeast Cdc42 Morphogenesis Septin Mathematical models

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