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Enhancing IoT anomaly detection performance for federated learning

Digital Communications and Networks 2022年第3期8卷 314-323页

作者： Brett Weinger Jinoh Kim Alex sim Makiya Nakashima Nour Moustafa K.John Wu Stony Brook University Stony BrookNYUSA Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCAUSA Texas A&M University CommerceTXUSA University of New South Wales CanberraAustralia

Federated Learning (FL) with mobile computing and the Internet of Things (IoT) is an effective cooperative learning approach. However, several technical challenges still need to be addressed. For instance, dividing the training process among several devices may impact the performance of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, often significantly degrading prediction accuracy compared to centralized learning. One of the primary reasons for such performance degradation is that each device can access only a small fraction of data (that it generates), which limits the efficacy of the local ML model constructed on that device. The performance degradation could be exacerbated when the participating devices produce different classes of events, which is known as the class balance problem. Moreover, if the participating devices are of different types, each device may never observe the same types of events, which leads to the device heterogeneity problem. In this study, we investigate how data augmentation can be applied to address these challenges and improving detection performance in an anomaly detection task using IoT datasets. Our extensive experimental results with three publicly accessible IoT datasets show the performance improvement of up to 22.9% with the approach of data augmentation, compared to the baseline (without relying on data augmentation). In particular, stratified random sampling and uniform random sampling show the best improvement in detection performance with only a modest increase in computation time, whereas the data augmentation scheme using Generative Adversarial Networks is the most time-consuming with limited performance benefits.

关键词： Data augmentation Federated learning Internet of things Anomaly detection Machine learning

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Photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants using green oil palm frond-derived carbon quantum dots/titanium dioxide as multifunctional photocatalysts under visible light radiation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第11期51卷 21-34页

作者： Zeng Wei Heng Woon Chan Chong Yean Ling Pang Lan Ching sim Chai Hoon Koo Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSungai Long CampusJalan Sungai LongCheras43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia Centre for Photonics and Advanced Materials Research Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSungai Long CampusJalan Sungai LongCheras43000 KajangSelangorMalaysia

The present work suggested the use of waste oil palm frond as an alternative precursor for nitrogendoped carbon quantum dots(NCQDs)and proposed a straightforward in-situ hydrothermal method for the preparation of NCQDs/TiO_(2)*** elemental composition,morphological,structural and optical characteristics of NCQDs/TiO_(2)nanocomposites have been comprehensively *** successful grafting of NCQDs on TiO_(2)matrix was confirmed by the formation of Ti AOAC bond and the electronic coupling between theπ-states of NCQDs and the conduction band of TiO_(2).For the first time,the oil palm frond-derived NCQDs/TiO_(2)was adopted in the photodegradation of methylene blue(MB)under visible-light *** a result,the photocatalytic efficiency of NCQDs/TiO_(2)nanocomposites(86.16%)was 2.85 times higher than its counterpart TiO_(2)(30.18%).The enhanced performance of nanocomposites was attributed to the pivotal roles of NCQDs serving as electron mediator and visiblelight ***,the optimal NCQDs loading was determined at 4 ml while the removal efficiency of NCQDs/TiO_(2)-4 was the highest at a catalyst dosage of 1 g.L^(-1)under alkaline *** research work is important as it proposed a new insight to the preparation of biomass-based NCQDs/TiO_(2)using a facile synthetic method,which offers a green and sustainable water remediation technology.

关键词： Oil palm frond biomass N-doped carbon quantum dots Titanium-dioxide In-situ hydrothermal Visible light photocatalysis Methylene blue

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GSTARS computer models and their applications, part I:theoretical development

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2008年第3期23卷 197-211页

作者： Chih Ted YANG Francisco J. M. simES Borland Prof. of Water Resources and Director of Hydroscience and Training Center Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523-1372 U. S. A. Research Hydrologist US Geological Survey Geomorphology and Sediment Transport Laboratory 4620 Technology Drive Suite 400 Golden CO 80403 U. S. A.

GSTARS is a series of computer models developed by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation for alluvial river and reservoir sedimentation studies while the authors were employed by that agency. The first version of GSTARS was released in 1986 using Fortran IV for mainframe computers. GSTARS 2.0 was released in 1998 for personal computer application with most of the code in the original GSTARS revised, improved, and expanded using Fortran IV/77. GSTARS 2.1 is an improved and revised GSTARS 2.0 with graphical user interface. The unique features of all GSTARS models are the conjunctive use of the stream tube concept and of the minimum stream power theory. The application of minimum stream power theory allows the determination of optimum channel geometry with variable channel width and cross-sectional shape. The use of the stream tube concept enables the simulation of river hydraulics using one-dimensional numerical solutions to obtain a semi-two-dimensional presentation of the hydraulic conditions along and across an alluvial channel. According to the stream tube concept, no water or sediment particles can cross the walls of stream tubes, which is valid for many natural rivers. At and near sharp bends, however, sediment particles may cross the boundaries of stream tubes. GSTARS3, based on FORTRAN 90/95, addresses this phenomenon and further expands the capabilities of GSTARS 2.1 for cohesive and non-cohesive sediment transport in rivers and reservoirs. This paper presents the concepts, methods, and techniques used to develop the GSTARS series of computer models, especially GSTARS3.

关键词： Numerical modeling Sediment transport Backwater computations Stream tubes Stream power minimization

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Development of temperature-robust damage factor based on sensor fusion for a wind turbine structure

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2015年第1期9卷 42-47页

作者： Jong-Woong PARK Sung-Han sim Jin-Hak YI Hyung-Jo JUNG Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA School of Urban and Environmental Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 689- 798Republic of Korea Coastal Development & Ocean Engineering Research Division Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Ansan 426-744Republic of Korea Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering KAIST Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea

Wind power systems have gained much attention due to the relatively high reliability, maturity in technology and cost competitiveness compared to other renewable alternatives. Advances have been made to increase the power efficiency of the wind turbines while less attention has been focused on structural integrity assessment of the structural systems. Vibration-based damage detection has widely been researched to identify damages on a structure based on change in d^mmic characteristics. Widely spread methods are natural frequency-based, mode shape-based, and curvature mode shape-based methods. The natural frequency-based methods are convenient but vulnerable to environmental temperature variation which degrades damage detection capability; mode shapes are less influenced by temperature variation and able to locate damage but requires extensive sensor instrumentation which is costly and vulnerable to signal noises. This study proposes novelty of damage factor based on sensor fusion to exclude effect of temperature variation. The combined use of an accelerometer and an inclinometer was considered and damage factor was defined as a change in relationship between those two measurements. The advantages of the proposed method are： 1） requirement of small number of sensor, 2） robusmess to change in temperature and signal noise and 3） ability to roughly locate damage. Validation of the proposed method is carried out through numerical simulation on a simplified 5 MW wind turbine model.

关键词： sensor fusion damage detection structural health monitoring

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Polysplenia syndrome with preduodenal portal vein detected in adults

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第41期14卷 6418-6420页

作者： Hyung-Il Seo Tae Yong Jeon Mun Sup sim Suk Kim Department of Surgery Postgraduate School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute Pusan National University Department of Radiology Postgraduate School of Medicine Pusan National University

Polysplenia syndrome, defined as the presence of multiple spleens of almost equal volume, is a rare condition involving congenital anomalies in multiple organ systems. We report this anomaly in a 41-year-old female who underwent a left lateral sectionectomy due to recurrent cholangitis and impacted left lateral duct stones. Polysplenia syndrome with preduodenal vein was diagnosed preoperatively by computed to-mography (CT) and surgery was done safely. Although the polysplenia syndrome with preduodenal portal vein (PDPV) in adult is rarely encountered, surgeons need to understand the course of the portal vein and exercise caution in approaching the biliary tract.

关键词： Polysplenia Polysplenia syndrome Preduodenal portal vein Intrahepatic duct stones Congenital anomaly

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Two-dimensional SnS2 nanosheets on Prussian blue template for high performance sodium ion batteries

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019年第3期13卷 493-500页

作者： Glenn J. sim Kakui Ma Zhixiang Huang Shaozhuan Huang Ye Wang Huiying Yang Pillar of Engineering Product Development Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapor Airbus Group Innovations Singapore Singapore 797562Singapore Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education Department of Physics and EngineeringZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China

Three-dimensional Prussian blue (PB) nanostructures was obtained via a one-step hydrothermal method. Subsequently, two-dimensional tin disulfide (SnS2) nanosheets were grown onto PB through a facile hydrothermal synthesis. The as prepared SnS2/PB is further employed as the anode of sodium ion batteries (SIBs). S11S2/PB nanoarchitecture delivers a specific capacity of 725.7 mAh·g-1 at 50 mA·g-1. When put through more than 200 cycles, it achieved a stable cycling capacity of 400 m Ah·g^-1 at 200 m A·g^i. The stable Na^+ storage properties of SnS2/PB was attributed to the synergistic effect among the conductive PB carbon, used as the template in this work. These results obtained potentially paves the way for the development of excellent electrochemical performance with stable performance of SIBs.

关键词： Prussian blue carbon nanocubes tin disulfide sodium ion batteries

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Right trisegmentectomy with thoracoabdominal approach after transarterial embolization for giant hepatic hemangioma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第27期15卷 3437-3439页

作者： Hyung-Il Seo Hong Jae Jo Mun Sup sim Suk Kim Department of Surgery Postgraduate School of Medicine and Medical Research Institute Pusan National UniversityBusan 602-739 South Korea Department of Radiology Postgraduate School of Medicine Pusan National UniversityBusan 602-739 South Korea

Hepatic hemangiomas need to be treated surgically in cases where they are accompanied with symptoms, have a risk of rupture, or are hardly distinguishable from malignancy. The present authors conducted embolization of the right hepatic artery one day before an operation for a huge hemangioma accompanied with symptoms and confirmed a decrease in its size. The authors performed a right trisegmentectomy through a J-shape incision, using a thoracoabdominal approach, and safely removed a giant hemangioma of 32.0 cm × 26.5 cm × 8.0 cm in size and 2300 g in weight. Even for inexperienced surgeons, a J-shape incision with a thoracoabdominal approach is considered a safe and useful method when right-side hepatectomy is required for a large mass in the right liver.

关键词： Hemangioma Transarterial embolization Thoracoabdominal approach

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Minimization of methabenzthiazuron residues in leaching water using amended soils and photocatalytic treatment with TiO_2 and ZnO

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第4期26卷 757-764页

作者： Jos Fenoll Pilar Flores Pilar Hellín Joaquín Hern'andez simón Navarro Department of Food Quality Murcia Institute of Agri-Food Research and Development Department of Agricultural Chemistry Geology and Pedology School of Chemistry University of Murcia Campus Universitario de Espinardo

In the present work, potential groundwater pollution by methabenzthiazuron （MTBU） and the effect of three different amendments （composted sheep manure, composted pine bark and spent coffee grounds） on its mobility were investigated under laboratory conditions. The efficiency of ZnO and TiO2 suspensions in the photocatalytic degradation of MTBU in leaching water was also investigated. The relative and cumulative breakthrough curves were obtained from disturbed soil columns. The presence and/or addition of organic matter drastically reduced the movement of the herbicide. On other hand, photocatalytic experiments showed that the addition of ZnO and TiO2 strongly enhances the degradation rate of this herbicide compared with the results of photolytic experiments under artificial light. ZnO appeared to be more effective in MTBU oxidation than TiO2. The results obtained point to the interest of using organic wastes and heterogeneous photocatalysis for reducing the pollution of groundwater by pesticide drainage.

关键词： groundwater pollution organic amendment pesticide movement photocatalytic oxidation semiconductor oxides

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Serum levels of angiotensin converting enzyme as a biomarker of liver fibrosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第48期23卷 8439-8442页

作者： Aline Silva Miranda Ana Cristina sim?es e Silva In-terdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation Faculty of MedicineFederal University of Minas Gerais Laboratory of Neurobiology Department of MorphologyInstitute of Biological SciencesFederal University of Minas Gerais Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineFederal University of Minas Gerais

The renin angiotensin system(RAS) is classically conceived as a circulating hormonal system involved in blood pressure control and hydroelectrolyte balance. The discovery that RAS components are locally expressed in a wide range of organs and tissues,including the liver,pointed to a role for this system in the pathogenesis of several conditions including hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. It has been widely reported that the classical RAS axis composed by the angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE)-angiotensin(Ang) Ⅱ-Ang type 1(AT1) receptor mediates pro-inflammatory,pro-thrombotic,and pro-fibrotic processes. On the other hand,the alternative axis comprising ACE2-Ang-(1-7)-Mas receptor seems to play a protective role by frequently opposing Ang Ⅱ action. Chronic hepatitis B(CHB) is one of the leading causes of liver fibrosis,accounting for the death of nearly one million people worldwide. Liver fibrosis is a key factor to determine therapeutic interventions for patients with CHB. However,the establishment of non-invasive and accurate methods to detect reversible stages of liver fibrosis is still a challenge. In an elegant study published in the 36 th issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology,Noguchi et al showed the predictive value of serum ACE levels in detecting not only advanced stages of liver fibrosis but also initial and intermediate fibrotic stages. The serum levels of ACE might represent an accurate,non-invasive,widely available,and easy method to evaluate fibrosis related to CHB. Moreover,therapies involving the inhibition of the classical RAS axis components might be promising in the control of CHB-related liver fibrosis.

关键词： Renin angiotensin system Angiotensin converting enzyme Angiotensin Ⅱ Angiotensin-(1-7) Chronic hepatitis B hepatic cirrhosis Liver fibrosis

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Curvy surface conformal ultra-thin transfer printed Sioptoelectronic penetrating microprobe arrays

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npj Flexible Electronics 2018年第1期2卷 8-13页

作者： Kyoseung sim Zhoulyu Rao Yanbin Li Dong Yang Cunjiang Yu Materials Science and Engineering Program University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA

Penetrating neural probe arrays are powerful bio-integrated devices for studying basic neuroscience and applied neurophysiology,underlying neurological disorders,and understanding and regulating animal and human *** paper presents a penetrating microprobe array constructed in thin and flexible fashion,which can be seamlessly integrated with the soft curvy *** function of the microprobes is enabled by transfer printed ultra-thin Si *** a proof-of-concept device,microprobe array with Si photodetector arrays are demonstrated and their capability of mapping the photo intensity in space are *** design strategies of utilizing thin polyimide based microprobes and supporting substrate,and employing the heterogeneously integrated thin optoelectronics are keys to accomplish such a *** experimental and theoretical investigations illustrate the materials,manufacturing,mechanical and optoelectronic aspects of the *** this paper primarily focuses on the device platform development,the associated materials,manufacturing technologies,and device design strategy are applicable to more complex and multi-functionalities in penetrating probe array-based neural interfaces and can also find potential utilities in a wide range of bio-integrated systems.

关键词： optoelectronic arrays transfer

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