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Early stages of.non-classic crystal growth

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Science China Chemistry 2011年第12期54卷 1867-1876页

作者： greer Heather f. EaStChem School of ChemistryUniversity of St Andrews

Investigation of.early stages of.crystal growth revealed that crystal growth in some systems may not f.llow the classic *** the early stages of.inorganic crystal growth,precursor molecules and/or nanocrystallites may aggregate into large and disordered particles with the assistance of.some polymers or *** crystallization of.these aggregates would then take place to f.rm shells with high crystallinity and density,f.llowed by an extension of.the crystallization f.om surf.ce to *** so-called reversed crystal growth mechanism has been f.und in crystallization of.several inorganic compounds including zeolites,perovskites,metals and metal oxides,and will be identif.ed in more material *** establishment of.this new crystal growth route gave us more f.eedom to control the morphology of.crystals and to understand the f.rmation mechanism of.many natural *** article gives a brief.review of.the recent research in this f.eld by f.aturing some typical examples of.the reversed crystal growth.

关键词： reversed crystal growth hollow crystals core-shell particles electron microscopy

f.lling the Disaster Data Gap:Lessons f.om Cataloging Singapore’s Past Disasters

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International Journal of.Disaster Risk Science 2021年第2期12卷 188-204页

作者： Yolanda C.Lin f.roz Khan susanna f.Jenkins David Lallemant Department of.Geography and Environmental Studies University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM87131USA Asian School of.the Environment Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore Earth Observatory of.Singapore Singapore639798Singapore Disaster Resilience Leadership Academy Tulane UniversityNew OrleansLA70112USA

International disaster databases and catalogs provide a baseline f.r researchers,governments,communities,and organizations to understand the risk of.a particular place,analyze broader trends in disaster risk,and justif. investments in *** because Singapore is routinely identif.ed as one of.the saf.st countries in the world,Singapore’s past disasters have not been studied extensively with f.w events captured in major global databases such as *** this article,we f.ll the disaster data gap f.r postwar Singapore(1950–2020)using specif.ed metrics through an archival search,review of.literature,and analysis of.secondary *** present f.ur key lessons f.om cataloging these ***,we expand Singapore’s disaster catalog to 39 events in this time period and quantif. the extent of.this data ***,we identif. the mitigating actions that have f.llowed past events that contribute to Singapore’s present-day ***,we discuss how these past events uncover continuities among vulnerability bearers in ***,we identif. limitations of.a disaster catalog when considering f.ture *** expanding the disaster catalog,this case study of.Singapore supports the need f.r comprehensive understanding of.past disasters in order to examine current and f.ture disaster resilience.

关键词： Catalog Database Data gap Disasters Resilience Singapore

Novel heating-and def.rmation-induced phase transitions and mechanical properties f.r multicomponent Zr_(50)M_(50),Zr_(50)(M,Ag)_(50)and Zr_(50)(M,Pd)_(50)(M=f.,Co,Ni,Cu)amorphous alloys

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Journal of.Materials Science & Technology 2022年第9期104卷 109-118页

作者： J.Ding A.Inoue f.L.Kong S.L.Zhu Y.L.Pu E.Shalaan A.A.Al-Ghamdi A.L.greer School of.Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China International Institute of.Green Materials Josai International UniversityTogane 283-8555Japan Institute of.Massive Amorphous Alloy Science China University of Mining TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Department of.Physics King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 22254Saudi Arabia MISiS National University of Science and TechnologyMoscow 119049Russia School of.Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China Department of.Materials Science and Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FSUK

Multicomponent alloys of.Zr_(50)M_(50),Zr_(50)(M,Ag)_(50)and Zr_(50)(M,Pd)_(50)(M=f.,Co,Ni,Cu)can be melt-spun to obtain amorphous *** maximum thickness f.r f.lly amorphous ribbons varies with composition in the range 34-53μ*** contrast,f.lly amorphous ribbons are not obtainable f.r binary Zr_(50)Ni_(50)or ternary Zr_(50)(Ni,Cu)_(50)***-induced crystallization occurs through:two stages of.amorphous[am]→[~(am')+B2]→[B2+B33]f.r Zr_(50)M_(50);and[am]→[am'+B2]→[B2+AgZr]f.r Zr_(50)(M,Ag)_(50);and a single stage of.am]→[B2]f.r Zr_(50)(M,Pd)_(50),while no B2 phase is f.rmed f.r the binary and ternary Zr_(50)Q_(50)(Q=Ni or/and Cu)***-spun amorphous ribbons have good bending ***,Zr_(50)M_(50)ribbons in tension show 0.22-0.28%plastic elongation and work-hardening(the yield stress is~820 MPa,the f.acture stress is~1200 MPa).When cold-rolled at room temperature to 30%reduction in thickness,Zr_(50)M_(50)ribbons show 10%increase in hardness,while retaining good bending ***-rolling induces precipitation of.spheroidal B2 and irregular B33 particles,while def.rmation in tension induces B2,B33 and also plate-like monoclinic *** B2 and B33 particles f.rm by polymorphic transf.rmation,and include a high density of.internal *** novel def.rmationinduced precipitation has not been recognized f.r any Zr_(50)Q_(50)binary or ternary *** new multicomponent systems are encouraging f.r f.ture progress as structural amorphous alloys.

关键词： Multicomponent Microstructure Mechanical properties Phase transition Amorphous alloy

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非传统晶体生长的早期观察

中国科学：化学 2012年第1期42卷 74-83页

作者： greer Heather f.于丰娇周午纵 EaStChem School of ChemistryUniversity of St Andrews

晶体早期生长的研究揭示,在某些体系中,晶体生长可能并不遵循传统路径.借由某些聚合物或生物分子的帮助,无机晶体的前驱体或纳米晶体在生长初期有可能聚集为无序的大块颗粒.这些聚集体表面晶化形成高结晶度高密度的外壳,随后完成从表面... 详细信息

晶体早期生长的研究揭示,在某些体系中,晶体生长可能并不遵循传统路径.借由某些聚合物或生物分子的帮助,无机晶体的前驱体或纳米晶体在生长初期有可能聚集为无序的大块颗粒.这些聚集体表面晶化形成高结晶度高密度的外壳,随后完成从表面到核心的晶化过程.此逆向晶体生长机理在一些诸如沸石、钙钛矿、金属和金属氧化物等无机化合物体系中均已被发现,在其他材料体系里也将得到验证.认识这一新的晶体生长路径将给予我们更多的自由度来实现晶体形态控制,也有助于我们对于许多天然矿物形成机制的理解.本文简要回顾了最近本领域研究中一些典型逆向晶体生长的例子.

关键词：逆向晶体生长空心晶体核壳结构颗粒电子显微镜

MRI,^18f.f.G PET／CT及PET／MR成像评估妇科肿瘤

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中华核医学与分子影像杂志 2018年第4期38卷 295-301页

作者：王玉彭新桂滕皋军 susanna I. Lee Catalano OA Dehdashti f 东南大学附属中大医院放射科南京210009 Department of.Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts Department of.Radiology University of Naples Parthenope and SDN Istituto Ricerca Diagnostica Nucleare Naples Italy Department of.Nuclear Medicine Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology Washington University St. Louis Missouri

MRI和^18f.脱氧葡萄糖（f.G）PET／CT在妇科癌症患者的诊疗中扮演着核心和互补角色。由于治疗通常需要联合手术、放疗以及化疗，因此成像对病情分期和评估预后非常重要。该文综述了运用上述2种成像模式在早期评估3种常见妇科肿瘤（宫颈... 详细信息

MRI和^18f.脱氧葡萄糖（f.G）PET／CT在妇科癌症患者的诊疗中扮演着核心和互补角色。由于治疗通常需要联合手术、放疗以及化疗，因此成像对病情分期和评估预后非常重要。该文综述了运用上述2种成像模式在早期评估3种常见妇科肿瘤（宫颈癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢上皮肿瘤）中的应用。重点提出了影响治疗的影像特征，以及2种成像方式的相对优势和不足。影像评估先期治疗后肿瘤复发以及后续姑息治疗方法的选择。并对MRI和PET中较新的功能和分子技术进行效果评估。最后，该文还介绍PET／MR成像的初期经验，PET／MR是一种新型技术，很有潜力成为个体化妇科肿瘤治疗方案制订的重要方法。

关键词： Cu-双乙酰基(N4-硫代甲基半缩二氨基脲)PET 16α-^18f.氟代-17β-雌二醇PET 弥散加权成像动态对比增强MRI 灌注MRI

Transcriptional Activation and Production of.Tryptophan-Derived Secondary Metabolites in Arabidopsis Roots Contributes to the Def.nse against the f.ngal Vascular Pathogen Verticillium Iongisporum

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Molecular Plant 2012年第6期5卷 1389-1402页

作者： Tim Iven Stef.nie Konig Seema Singh susanna A. Braus-Stromeyer Matthias Bischof. Lutz f. Tietze Gerhard H. Braus Volker Lipka Ivo f.ussner Wolf.ang Droge-Laser Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg Julius-von-Sachs-lnstitut Pharmazeutische Biologie Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2 97082 Wurzburg Germany Georg-August-Universitat Albrecht-von-Haller-lnstitut fur Pflanzenwissenschaften Biochemie der Pflanze Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11 37077 GottingenGermany Georg-August-Universitat Institut for Mikrobiologie und Genetik Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Genetik Grisebachstr. 8 37077 Gottingen Germany Georg-August-Universitat Institut for Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie AG Tietze Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Gottingen Germany Georg-August-Universitat Schwann-Schleiden-Forschungszentrum for Molekulare Zellbiologie Abteilung Zellbiologie der Pflanze Julia-Lermontowa-Weg3 37077 Gottingen Germany

The soil-borne f.ngal pathogen Verticillium Iongisporum causes vascular disease on Brassicaceae host plants such as oilseed rape. The f.ngus colonizes the root xylem and moves upwards to the f.liage where disease symptoms become visible. Using Arabidopsis as a model f.r early gene induction, we perf.rmed root transcriptome analyses in re- sponse to hyphal growth immediately af.er spore germination and during penetration of.the root cortex, respectively. Inf.cted roots showed a rapid reprogramming of.gene expression such as activation of.transcription f.ctors, stress-, and def.nse-related genes. Here, we f.cused on the highly coordinated gene induction resulting in the production of.tryp- tophan-derived secondary metabolites. Previous studies in leaves showed that enzymes encoded by CYP81f. and PEN2 （PENETRATION2） execute the f.rmation of.antif.ngal indole glucosinolate （IGS） metabolites. In Verticillium-inf.cted roots, we f.und transcriptional activation of.CYP81f. and the PEN2 homolog PEL 1 （PEN2-LIKE1）, but no increase in antif.ngal IGS breakdown products. In contrast, indole-3-carboxylic acid （13CA） and the phytoalexin camalexin accumulated in inf.cted roots but only camalexin inhibited Verticillium growth in vitro. Whereas genetic disruption of.the individual metabolic pathways leading to either camalexin or CYP81f.-dependent IGS metabolites did not alter Verticillium-induced disease symptoms, a cyp79b2 cyp79b3 mutant impaired in both branches resulted in signif.cantly enhanced susceptibility. Hence, our data provide an insight into root-specif.c early def.nses and suggest tryptophan-derived metabolites as active anti- f.ngal compounds against a vascular pathogen.

关键词： Verticillium Iongisporum Arabidopsis root transcriptome camalexin indole glucosinolates.

Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Diagnosis of.Bacteremic Listeria monocytogenes Meningitis in a Patient with Anti-Interf.ron Gamma Autoantibodies:A Case Report

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Inf.ctious Microbes & Diseases 2022年第1期4卷 44-46页

作者： f.nf.n Xing Derek L.L.Hung Simon K.f.Lo Shuang Chen susanna K.P.Lau Patrick C.Y.Woo Department of.Clinical Microbiology and Inf.ction Control The University of Hong Kong–Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenGuangdongChina Department of.Microbiology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of.Pathology The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenGuangdongChina

Although various opportunistic inf.ctions have been described in patients with anti-interf.ron gamma autoantibodies,so f.r there is no Listeria monocytogenes inf.ction reported to be associated with this primary ***,we describe the f.rst case of.bacteremic *** meningitis in a 59-year-old Chinese man with anti-interf.ron gamma autoantibodies,who presented with acute onset of.f.ver and severe *** culture was positive but culture of.the cerebrospinal f.uid was negative,although it showed f.atures suggestive of.partially treated bacterial *** presence of.*** in the cerebrospinal f.uid was conf.rmed by next-generation *** of.high-risk f.od items in these patients is important f.r the prevention of.*** use of.antibiotic regimens that cover Listeria is crucial f.r empirical treatment,particularly if.such patients develop acute or subacute ***-generation sequencing is becoming an important diagnostic modality f.r culture-negative inf.ctions.

关键词： Listeria monocytogenes meningitis anti-interf.ron gamma autoantibody next-generation sequencing

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超越领导力：卫生政策协调的政治策略

中国卫生政策研究 2014年第9期7卷 76-82页

作者： Scott L.greer Denise f.Lillvis 密歇根大学卫生管理与政策系美国华盛顿mi4810920

"将健康融入所有政策"是指通过发挥不同部门的优势和积极性以改善人群健康状况。然而,在具体实施的过程中会面临各种官僚制度障碍,需要进行跨部门治理,而其中涉及的基本问题已经在公共管理学和政治学领域做过阐述。通过查阅文献发现,建... 详细信息

"将健康融入所有政策"是指通过发挥不同部门的优势和积极性以改善人群健康状况。然而,在具体实施的过程中会面临各种官僚制度障碍,需要进行跨部门治理,而其中涉及的基本问题已经在公共管理学和政治学领域做过阐述。通过查阅文献发现,建立"将健康融入所有政策"跨部门治理的难点被分解为两大类问题:一是在所有部门中开展协调性行动(协调性),二是确保这些部门可以适应不同的政治环境(持续性)。本文还发现,决策者的应对策略也可以归纳为三种类型:明显的政治意愿(如各种计划和目标)、官僚制度改革(如引进卫生影响力评估或机构重组)以及各种间接策略(如各种数据发布以及从外部组织获得支持以向政府施加压力)。由此可以看出,与众多公共卫生政策一样,"将健康融入所有政策"也要依赖于可以做出并有效履行承诺的决策者,但这在不断变换的政治环境中往往不堪一击。三种应对策略则暗示了决策者该如何建立一种跨部门的治理制度,以扩大有效政策建议的范围。

关键词：政策将健康融入所有政策管理政治

Regenerative Surgery f.r the Rehabilitation of.a Patient af.er Surgery and Radiation Therapy f.r Head and Neck Cancer: A Case Report

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Journal of.Biomedical Science and Engineering 2014年第6期7卷 361-367页

作者： M. Scala A. Orsi A. Rattaro M. Trapasso susanna Polotto f. Spagnolo P. Mereu P. L. Santi Department of.Plastic Surgery I.R.C.C.S. Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino-IST Genova Italy

Oral cancer is usually treated combining surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy, f.llowing ef.ective therapeutic protocols. Severe maxillary and mandibular bone atrophy resulting af.er therapies are usually treated with autologous bone graf.ing procedures even though these techniques of.en present a signif.cant risk of.postoperative complications and disadvantages. We describe the case of.a 59-year-old woman presenting severe bone def.ct af.er being treated with surgery and radiotherapy f.r recurrent oral verrucous squamous cell carcinoma. We perf.rmed bone regeneration using Platelet-Derived Growth f.ctors (PDGf. in combination with autologous bone chips. Our procedure of.bone regeneration allowed the placement of.dental implants and the achievement of.a good aesthetic and f.nctional result. Regenerative surgery may enable the regeneration of.substantial bone def.cts. Moreover, PDGf.application decreases the risk of.implant f.ilure in irradiated patients.

关键词： Regenerative Surgery Radiation Therapy Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Platelet-Derived Growth f.ctors Bone Chips