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Systematic evaluation of a holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser lithotripsy device with variable pulse peak power and pulse duration

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Asian journal of Urology 2014年第1期1卷 60-65页

作者： Christopher Netsch Sophie Knipper Christian Tiburtius Andreas j.gross Department of Urology Asklepios Hospital BarmbekHamburgGermany

Objective:The Holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet(Ho:YAG)laser is the standard lithotrite for *** paper is to evaluate a Ho:YAG laser with a novel effect function in vitro,which allows a real-time variation of pulse duration and pulse peak ***:Two types of phantom calculi with four degrees of hardness were made for fragmentation and retropulsion *** was analysed at 5(0.5 j/10 Hz),10(1 j/10 Hz),and 20(2 j/10 Hz)W in non-floating phantom calculi,retropulsion in an ureteral model at 10(1 j/10 Hz)and 20(2 j/10 Hz)W using floating phantom *** effect function was set to 25%,50%,75%,and 100%of the maximum possible effect function at each power *** outcomes:fragmentation(mm^3),the distance of retropulsion(cm);5 measurements for each ***:An increase of the effect feature(25%vs.100%),i.e.,an increase of pulse peak power and decrease of pulse duration,improved Ho:YAG laser *** effect was remarkable in soft stone composition,while there was a trend for improved fragmentation with an increase of the effect feature in hard stone *** increased with increasing effect function,independently of stone *** major limitations of the study are the use of artificial stones and the in vitro ***:Changes in pulse duration and pulse peak power may lead to improved stone fragmentation,most prominently in soft stones,but also lead to increased *** new effect function may enhance Ho:YAG laser fragmentation when maximum power output is limited or retropulsion is excluded.

关键词： Ureteroscopy Ho:YAG laser Lithotripsy Pulse peak power Pulse duration

Preference of Dogs between Two Commercially Available Oral Formulations of Ectoparasiticide Containing Isoxazolines,Afoxolaner or Fluralaner

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Open journal of Veterinary Medicine 2015年第2期5卷 25-29页

作者： Lenaig Halos Douglas S.Carithers Ruchika Solanki Heather Stanford Sheila j.gross Merial S.A.S. LyonFrance Merial Limited DuluthUSA Summit Ridge Farms SusquehannaUSA 26 Bayberry Close PiscatawayUSA

Because of their convenience, oral dosage forms are an emerging trend in companion animal formulations. Ectoparasiticides represent a significant proportion of the treatments administered to pets, and recently oral formulations have been commercialized. They have to demonstrate high palatability to ensure that they are voluntarily accepted by the animal especially because they are repeatedly offered medications. The present study aimed to compare the dog’s preference between two commercially available oral ectoparasiticide formulations containing either afoxolaner (NexGard®, Merial) or fluralaner (Bravecto®, MSD Animal Health). In two separate experiments, 225 individual dogs (115 and 110 respectively) were offered a choice of afoxolaner or fluralaner chewable tablets. The 225 dogs were given an opportunity to smell both products, and then the products were simultaneously offered to each dog by hand for 4 consecutive days with products offered from alternate hands on each day. Individual consumption and related behaviors were recorded. The same individual offered the products to the dogs throughout each study. The total number of chewable tablets for each formulation was recorded and preference was evaluated as the consumption of a given formulation during more days. A total amount of 797 tablets were consumed by the 225 dogs during the 4 days of the studies. A total of 573 (71.9%) afoxolaner chews and 224 (28.1%) fluralaner chews were consumed voluntarily. The overall consumption ratio was 2.56 to 1 for NexGard®?to Bravecto®, with significantly (p ®?than Bravecto®?on each day. As for dogs demonstrating a preference over the entire test period;83% of the dogs tested preferred NexGard®?to Bravecto®, resulting in a preference ratio of 5 to 1 for afoxolaner formulation versus fluralaner formulation. This study demonstrated that when dogs were offered a choice between the two ectoparasiticide products, a significant preference for NexGard

关键词： Palatability Preference Oral Ectoparasiticide Treatment Compliance

Identification of Pu and U isotopic composition and its applications in environmental and CBRN research

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第3期17卷 728-740页

作者： susanna Salminen-Paatero Paula Vanninen jussi Paatero Department of Chemistry RadiochemistryP.O.Box 55FI-00014University of HelsinkiFinland VERIFIN-Finnish Institute for the Verification of the Chemical Weapons Convention Department of ChemistryP.O.Box 55FI-00014University of HelsinkiFinland Finnish Meteorological Institute Observation ServicesP.O.Box 503FI-00101HelsinkiFinland

This paper describes the most common presently used methods for detecting uranium and plutonium isotopes after their introduction to environment. Known isotope ratios of U and Pu in different nuclear events are important tool for characterizing the sources of nuclear material. Detection techniques both in field and in laboratory are presented, as well as different models that can be used for identifying the origin and age of the nuclear material. Identification of the source of nuclear material in environmental samples is needed for estimating the quality and quantity of the nuclear hazard. This information is essential in risk assessment and crisis management, in chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear(CBRN) research after e.g. a terrorist attack, in radioecology and environmental radioactivity research.

关键词： CBRN Nuclear contamination Plutonium isotope ratios Uranium isotope ratios Nuclear fingerprinting Nuclear particle

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Thulium：YAG VapoEnucleation of the prostate in large glands： a prospective comparison using 70- and 120-W 2-μm lasers

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Asian journal of Andrology 2012年第2期14卷 325-329页

作者： Christopher Netsch Thorsten Bach Thomas RW Herrmann Andreas j.gross Department of Urology Asklepios Hospital BarmbekHamburg 22291Germany Department of Urology MHH Medical School of HannoverHannover 30625Germany

This study compared the efficacy of 70- and 120-w 2-μm thulium：YAG VapoEnucleation of the prostate （ThuVEP） for patients with benign prostatic obstruction （BPO）. A prospective analysis of 84 patients with symptomatic BPO and prostatic enlargement （t〉 60 ml） who underwent either 70-w （n=44） or 120-w ThuVEP （n=40） non-randomly was carried out. Patient demographics and perioperative and 12-month follow-up data were analysed. The mean prostate volume was 79.90---27.49 ml in patients who had received 70-w ThuVEP, which was less than in those who had received 120-w ThuVEP （88.53＋-25.10; P=0.033）. The mean enucleation （resected weight/laser time, 2.16±1.21 g min-1 vs. 1.23±0.60 g min-1; P=-0.013）, operation efficiency （resected weight/total operation time, 0.76±0.35 g min-1 vs. 0.42＋-0.27 g min-1; P=-0.000） and percentage of resected tissue （66.93%±22.79% vs. 45.41%±23.33%; P=-0.000） were higher with 120-w treatment compared to 70-w ThuVEP. One patient （1.2% of total patients）（in the 120-w group） required a blood transfusion postoperatively. Sixty-one patients （73%） were available for review at the 12-month follow-up time point. The quality of life （QoL）, International Prostate Symptom Score （IPSS）, maximum urinary flow rate （Qmax）, postvoiding residual urine （PVR） and prostate volume improved significantly after treatment （P≤ 0.035） and were not significantly different between those treated with the different devices （70- and 120-w）. The median prostate volume reduction was 81.70% and 82.19% with 70- and 120-w ThuVEP, respectively. The incidence of complications was low and did not differ between groups treated with the different devices. Two patients （2.4%）（one per group） had a bladder neck contracture at the follow-up. ThuVEP is a safe and efficacious procedure for the treatment of symptomatic BPO. The incidence of complications was low with both devices. The 120-w thulium：YAG device enhances the effectiveness of Th,VEP with reeard to the oercentaee of resected tissue

关键词： benign prostatic obstruction laser prostate Revolix Tm:YAG ThuVEP VapoEnucleation

Regional economic assessment of a novel place-based model for sustainable food systems

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 220-229页

作者： susanna Kujala Kari Koppelmäki University of Helsinki Ruralia InstituteKampusranta 9 C 60320SeinäjokiFinland University of Helsinki Ruralia InstituteLönnrotinkatu 750100MikkeliFinland Wageningen University&Research Farming Systems Ecology GroupDroevendaalsesteeg 16708PBWageningenThe Netherlands

Several actions from both the environmental and human viewpoints have already been made to meet the sustainability goals targeted at food ***,new place-based ideas to improve sustainability are *** symbiosis(AES),a novel food system model,is an example of a suggested system-level change to attain sustainability targets;it is a symbiosis of food production and processing using renewable energy that uses its own *** has already been found advantageous from the ecological and biophysical viewpoints,but a regional economic evaluation of the model is still ***,the aim of our paper is to assess the regional economic impact of a possible systemic change in the food system using the network of agroecological symbiosis(NAES)as an *** applied scenarios representing different ways of moving towards envisioned NAES models in Mäntsälä,Finland,and a computable general equilibrium model to evaluate the regional economic *** to our results,both regional economy and employment would increase,and the regional production base would diversify with NAES implementation applied to the region,but the extent of the benefits varies between *** scenario that includes change in both public and private food demand,production of bioenergy and utilization of by-products would cause the largest ***,realizing NAES requires investments that may influence the actual implementation of such ***,a change towards NAES can promote an economically and spatially just transition to sustainability,as NAES seems to be economically most beneficial for rural areas.

关键词： Sustainability Regional economy Localized food system Renewable energy Circularity

Eliminating viscosity bias in lateral flow tests

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第5期7卷 195-204页

作者： Daniel M.Kainz Bastian j.Breiner susanna M.Fruh Tobias Hutzenlaub Roland Zengerle Nils Paust Laboratory for MEMS Applications IMTEK-Department of Microsystems EngineeringUniversity of FreiburgGeorges-Koehler-Allee 10379110 FreiburgGermany Hahn-Schickard Georges-Koehler-Allee 10379110 FreiburgGermany

Despite the widespread application of point-of-care lateral flow tests,the viscosity dependence of these assay results remains a significant ***,we employ centrifugal microfluidic flow control through the nitrocellulose membrane of the strip to eliminate the viscosity *** key feature is the balancing of the sample flow into the cassette of the lateral flow test with the air flow out of the cassette.A viscosity-indepen3ent flow rate of 3.01±0.18 min(±6%)is demonstrated for samples with viscosities ranging from 1.1 mPas to 24 mPas,a factor greater than *** a model human IgG lateral flow assay,signal-intensity shifts caused by varying the sample viscosity from 1.1 mPas to 23 mPas could be reduced by more than 84%.

关键词： viscosity flow eliminate

The Glucosinolate Biosynthetic Gene A OP2 Mediates Feed-back Regulation of jasmonic Acid Signaling in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2015年第8期8卷 1201-1212页

作者： Meike Burow susanna Atwell Marta Francisco Rachel E. Kerwin Barbara A. Halkier Daniel j. Kliebenstein DynaMo Center of Excellence Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science University of Copenhagen Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871Frederiksberg C Denmark Copenhagen Plant Science Centre Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science University of Copenhagen Thorvaldsensvej 40 1871Frederiksberg C Denmark Department of Plant Sciences University of California at Davis Davis CA 95616 USA Mision Biologica de Galicia (MBG-CSIC) PO Box 28 36080 Pontevedra Spain

Survival in changing and challenging environments requires an organism to efficiently obtain and use its resources. Due to their sessile nature, it is particularly critical for plants to dynamically optimize their meta- bolism. In plant primary metabolism, metabolic fine-tuning involves feed-back mechanisms whereby the output of a pathway controls its input to generate a precise and robust response to environmental changes. By contrast, few studies have addressed the potential for feed-back regulation of secondary metabolism. In Arabidopsis, accumulation of the defense compounds glucosinolates has previously been linked to genetic variation in the glucosinolate biosynthetic gene AOP2. AOP2 expression can increase the transcript levels of two known regulators （MYB28 and MYB29） of the pathway, suggesting thatAOP2 plays a role in positive feed-back regulation controlling glucosinolate biosynthesis. We generated mutants affecting AOP2, MYB28/29, or both. Transcriptome analysis of these mutants identified a so far unrecognized link between AOP2 and jasmonic acid （jA） signaling independent of MYB28 and MYB29. Thus, AOP2 is part of a regulatory feed-back loop linking glucosinolate biosynthesis and jA signaling and thereby allows the glucosinolate pathway to influence jA sensitivity. The discovery of this regulatory feed-back loop provides insight into how plants optimize the use of resources for defensive metabolites.

关键词： feed-back regulation jasmonates jA signaling glucosinolates Arabidopsis

EXCEPTIONALLY HIGH AND DIVERSE MUTATION RATES IN INSECTS SMALL rRNA

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Science China Chemistry 1985年第10期28卷 1060-1063页

作者：冯亚雄 KRUPP GUIDO gross j.HANS Academia Siaica Institut für Biochemie der Universitt Würzburg Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry D-8700 Würzburg FRG Rontgenring 11

The nucleotide sequence of 5S rRNA from the posterior silk gland of the silk worm Philosamia cynthia ricini has been determined. The comparison with other insect 5S rRNAs revealed an exceptionally conserved secondary structure, in spite of an extremely high mutation rate: Thirteen nucleotides are different in Philosamia and Drosophila 5S rRNA, but all substitutions are either compensatory or occur in loops or introduce G:U base pairs. The rates of base substitution per site per year of several insect species (diptera and lepidoptera) 5S and 5.8S rRNAs are compared with those occurring in vertebrate rRNAs. In the latter cases the rates are remarkably constant, whereas their value is not only about twofold higher in insect rRNAs, but is found to be extremely large in the 5S rRNA of the silkworm Bombyx mori. These data demonstrate that phylogcnetic conclusions derived from small rRNA sequence comparisons are only of limited value.

关键词： EXCEPTIONALLY HIGH AND DIVERSE MUTATION RATES IN INSECTS SMALL rRNA rate

pH-sensitive polymer-assisted refolding of urea-denatured fibroblast growth factor

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第4期20卷 473-477页

作者： Zhi Feng Huang Shan Shan Wang Chun Yan Ni Shu Lin Yang Xiao Kun Li susanna S.j. Leong School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China School of Pharmacy Wenzhou Medical College Wenzhou 325-0-35 China School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore Singapore Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development Jilin Agricultural University Jilin 130118 China

A pH-responsive polymer Eudragit S-100 has been found to assist in correct folding of FGF-2 （fibroblast growth factor-2） denatured with 8 mol/L urea and 10 mmol/L dithiothreitol at pH 7.2. The refolding of FGF-2 was performed by directly diluting denatured FGF-2 into a refolding buffer containing Eudragit S-100. The ability of Eudragit S-100 to enhance protein refolding level was investigated using MTT method, fluorescence emission spectroscopy and reverse phase HPLC. On the other hand, the result shows the ability of Eudragit S-100 to enhance the refolding level of protein is due to the interaction between Eudragit S-100 and oositivelv charaed FGF-2.

关键词： Eudragit S-100 FGF-2 Refolding

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