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Progress towards dog-mediated rabies elimination in PR China:a scoping review

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第2期12卷 19-35页

作者： Tianren Shen susan Christina Welburn Long Sun Guo-Jing Yang Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education The School of Tropical MedicineThe First Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou571199HainanPeople’s Republic of China Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Joint Institute Zhejiang UniversityInternational Campus718 East Haizhou RoadHaining314400People’s Republic of China Infection Medicine Deanery of Biomedical SciencesEdinburgh Medical SchoolCollege of Medicine and Veterinary MedicineThe University of Edinburgh1 George SquareEdinburghEH89JZScotlandUK Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainanPeople’s Republic of China

Background Rabies continues to be a serious threat to global public health endangering people’s health and public health *** the People’s Republic of China,multi-sectoral and comprehensive prevention and control strategies have aimed to extensively curb human rabies ***,we examine the current state of rabies infection in China,explore strategic interventions put in place in response to WHO’s ambition of“Zero rabies deaths by 2030”and critically assess the constraints and feasibility of dog-mediated rabies elimination in *** This study analyzed and evaluated the process towards dog-mediated rabies elimination in China from five perspectives:namely,human,dog,policy,challenge,and ***-based data on progress of dog-mediated rabies elimination in China was derived from a number of sources;a literature search was undertaken using PubMed,Web of Science and CNKI databases,distribution data for human rabies cases as derived from the Data-center of the China Public Health Science and policy and document data were obtained from official websites of the relevant China ministries and *** The incidence of human rabies cases in China have shown a downward trend year-on-year since *** of a government-led,multi-sectoral“One Health”approach to combating rabies has driven down the total number of rabies deaths nationwide to around 200 in *** number of provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)reporting human cases of rabies has also decreased to 21 in 2020,13 of which reported less than 10 ***,the number of outpatient visits seeking rabies post-exposure prophylaxis has risen dramatically over the past two decades,with demand being 15 times higher than it was *** remain however,significant gaps in rabies elimination outcomes across the different regions of *** date the target of achieving a canine rabies vaccination rate of>75%has not been *** challenges of rabies i

关键词： Rabies Lyssavirus China Elimination Dog Epidemics One Health Neglected Tropical Underreporting

How well does XAD resin extraction recover halogenated disinfection byproducts for comprehensive identification and toxicity testing?

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 264-275页

作者： Xiaobin Liao Joshua M.Allen Caroline O.Granger susan D.Richardson Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth Carolina 29208USA Institute of Municipal and Environmental Engineering College of Civil EngineeringHuaqiao UniversityFujian 361021China Currently at LanzaTech 535 Commerce DriveSopertonGeorgia 30457USA

Halogenated disinfection byproducts(DBPs) are an unintended consequence of drinking water disinfection, and can have significant toxicity. XAD resins are commonly used to extract and enrich trace levels of DBPs for comprehensive, nontarget identification of DBPs and also for in vitro toxicity studies. However, XAD resin recoveries for complete classes of halogenated DBPs have not been evaluated, particularly for low, environmentally relevant levels(ng/L to low μg/L). Thus, it is not known whether levels of DBPs or the toxicity of drinking water might be underestimated. In this study, DAX-8/XAD-2 layered resins were evaluated, considering both adsorption and elution from the resins, for extracting 66 DBPs from water. Results demonstrate that among the 7 classes of DBPs investigated, trihalomethanes(THMs), including iodo-THMs, were the most efficiently adsorbed, with recovery of most THMs ranging from 50%-96%, followed by halonitromethanes(40%-90%). The adsorption ability of XAD resins for haloacetonitriles, haloacetamides, and haloacetaldehydes was highly dependent on the individual species. The adsorption capacity of XAD resins for haloacetic acids was lower(5%-48%), even after adjusting to p H 1 before extraction. Recovery efficiency for most DBPs was comparable with their adsorption, as most were eluted effectively from XAD resins by ethyl acetate. DBP polarity and molecular weight were the two most important factors that determine their recovery. Recovery of trichloromethane, iodoacetic acid, chloro-and iodo-acetonitrile, and chloroacetamide were among the lowest, which could lead to underestimation of toxicity, particularly for iodoacetic acid and iodo-acetonitrile, which are highly toxic.

关键词： XAD resins Disinfection byproducts DBPs Recovery Toxicity

GeDiPNet: Online resource of curated gene-disease associations for polypharmacological targets discovery

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第3期10卷 647-649页

作者： Indra Kundu Mridula Sharma Ram Shankar Barai Khushal Pokar susan Idicula-Thomas Biomedical Informatics Centre Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child HealthMumbai 400012India

There are numerous online databases dedicated to genes associated with human *** redundancy and lack of consistency of disease terms in these databases pose a significant impediment in high throughput data *** address this,we developed GeDiPNet by compiling data available on gene-disease associations from six popular open access sources namely DisGeNET,1 ClinGen.

关键词： databases online analysis.

Local tips, global impact: community-driven measures as avenues of promoting inclusion in the control of neglected tropical diseases: a case study in Kenya

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第4期11卷 81-90页

作者： Elizabeth A.Ochola Diana M.S.Karanja susan J.Elliott Department of Geography and Environmental Management University ofWaterlooWaterlooONCanada

Background:Neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)affect poor populations with little or no’’political voice’to influence control *** most NTDs have interventions that work,the biggest challenge remains in delivering targeted interventions to affected populations residing in areas experiencing weak health *** the upward development trends in most countries of sub-Saharan Africa(SSA),the healthcare worker to population ratio remains exceptionally low,with some areas not served at all;thus,there is a need to involve other personnel for school and community-based healthcare ***,the current community-based programs suffer from inconsistent community participation due to a lack of coordinated response,and an expanded intervention agenda that lacks context-specific solutions applicable to rural,urban,and marginalized ***:This research investigated the capacity of local communities to address the burden of *** by the social theory of human capability,the research collected primary qualitative data by conducting key informant interviews and focus group discussions of people infected or affected by *** interview data were collected and transcribed verbatim for thematic analysis using Nvivo version ***:Our findings reveal,first,a need for intersectoral collaboration between governments and affected populations for inclusive and sustainable NTD ***,a’’bottom-up’approach that enhances capacity building,sensitization,and behaviour change for improved uptake of NTD ***,the enforcement of Public Health Legislative Acts that mandates the reporting and treatment of NTDs such as ***,the establishment of support groups and counseling services to assist persons suffering from debilitating and permanent effects of ***:Our research demonstrates the importance of human agency in encouraging new forms of participation leading to the co-production of inclusive and susta

关键词： Neglected tropical diseases Control Community-driven measure Local solution Global impact Inclusion Kenya

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and generational heterogeneity on ecommerce shopping styles-A case study of Sacramento,California

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Communications in Transportation Research 2023年第1期3卷 53-61页

作者： Qianhua Luo Teddy Forscher susan Shaheen Elizabeth Deakin Joan L.Walker Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Transportation Sustainability Research Center University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94704USA Department of City and Regional Planning University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Center for Global Metropolitan Studies University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA

The COVID pandemic has accelerated the growth of ecommerce and reshaped shopping patterns,which in turn impacts trip-making and vehicle miles *** objectives of this study are to define shopping styles and quantify their prevalence in the population,investigate the impact of the pandemic on shopping style transition,understand the generational heterogeneity and other factors that influence shopping styles,and comment on the potential impact of the pandemic on long-term shopping *** months after the initial shutdown(May/June 2021),we collected ecommerce behavioral data from 313 Sacramento Region households using an online survey.A K-means clustering analysis of shopping behavior across eight commodity types identified five shopping styles,including ecommerce independent,ecommerce dependent,and three mixed modes *** found that the share of ecommerce independent style shifted from 55%pre-pandemic to 27%during the ***,30%kept the same style as pre-pandemic,54%became more ecommerce dependent,and 16%became less ecommerce dependent,with the latter group more likely to view shopping an excuse to get *** was found across ***-pandemic,Millennials and Gen Z were the most ecommerce dependent,but during the pandemic they made relatively small shifts toward increased ecommerce *** Boomers and the Silent Generation were bimodal,either sticking to in-person shopping or shifting to ecommercedependency during the ***-pandemic intentions varied across styles,with households who primarily adopt non-food ecommerce intending to reverse back to in-person shopping,while the highly ecommerce dependent intend to limit future in-store activities.

关键词： Ecommerce COVID pandemic Shopping patterns Generational heterogeneity

Refrigerated and frozen storage impact aronia berry quality

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 13-24页

作者： Erica S.King Andrea Noll susan Glenn Bradley W.Bolling Department of Food Science University of Wisconsin-Madison1605 Linden Dr.MadisonWI53706USA Department of Statistics Medical Sciences CenterUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison1300 University Ave Rm 1220MadisonWI53706USA

Postharvest storage of many freshly picked berries affects polyphenol and sugar content. However, little is known about the impact of refrigerated and frozen storage on aronia berry composition. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize how storage at 4 ± 2 °C and − 20 ± 2 °C, and temperature cycles affect aronia berry polyphenols, total solid content, pH, titratable acidity, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, sugar content, acid content, color, and cell structure. Refrigerated storage reduced proanthocyanidins (21%), anthocyanins (36%), and total phenols (21%) after 12 weeks. Frozen storage increased polyphenols in the first 6 mo. of frozen storage but then decreased polyphenols at mo. 8 to levels similar to initial values. Frozen temperature cycling reduced anthocyanins 18% but did not affect total phenols or proanthocyanidins. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated temperature cycling induced cell damage, shrinking, and fusion. This disruption led to the release of anthocyanins inside the berry tissue. PPO activity did not significantly correlate with the decrease in polyphenol content during storage. °Brix did not significantly change during refrigeration and frozen storage but did during the 12th temperature cycle. Aronia berries’ pH and titratable acidity were affected more by refrigeration than frozen and temperature storage. The pH increased by 4% during refrigeration, and titratable acidity decreased by 17% at 12 weeks. In conclusion, refrigerated storage results in a modest reduction of aronia berry polyphenols, but absolute extractable polyphenols are stable for up to 8 months of frozen storage.

关键词： Aronia berry Polyphenols Storage Refrigeration Sugars Acids Frozen

Effects of Heliotropium indicum *** Uterine Involution and Its Underlying Mechanisms:An in vivo and in vitro Study

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第11期29卷 980-988页

作者： Sayah Ongsricharoenbhorn Pakanit Kupittayanant Kanjana Thumanu Griangsak Eumkeb Suthida Chanlun Pittaya Papirom susan Wray Sajeera Kupittayanant School of Preclinical Sciences Institute of ScienceSuranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima(30000)Thailand School of Animal Technology and Innovation Institute of Agricultural TechnologySuranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima(30000)Thailand Synchrotron Light Research Institute Nakhon Ratchasima(30000)Thailand Department of Pathobiology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen(40002)Thailand Department of Women's and Children's Health Harris-Wellbeing Preterm Birth CentreUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolL87SSUK

Objective:To investigate the effect of Heliotropium indicum L.(*** L.)on uterine involution and its underlying mechanisms in both in vivo and in vitro ***:For in vivo studies,postpartum rats were randomly divided into 2 groups(n=24 for each):control group and treated group which were orally and daily administered with ethanolic extract of *** L.(250 mg/kg body weight)until day 5 of *** were collected for analysis of weight,cross-sectional area,collagen cross-sectional area,and collagen content on postpartum day 1,3,and 5(n=8 for each)from both *** samples were collected for hepatotoxicity and 17?-estradiol(E_(2))*** in vitro studies,the extract effects on uterine contraction at half maximum effective concentration of 2.50 mg/mL were studied in organ bath system for at least 20 ***:Uterine parameters were significantly decreased after treated with extract of *** L.(P<0.05).*** *** significantly accelerated the reduction of those parameters and significantly decreased E_(2)(P<0.05).The extract facilitated uterine involution with no *** *** significantly stimulated uterine contraction(P<0.05)and synergized with oxytocin,prostaglandin and its precursor,linoleic *** investigating the different sequencing of the extract with the additional stimulants(added before or after),the two showed antagonistic effects,but still showed potentiated force when compared with control(without the stimulants).Conclusions:The underlying mechanisms by which *** *** uterine involution might be due to reducing E_(2)which induces collagenase activity,leading to decreases in uterine weight and size and stimulating uterine *** study provides new findings for future drug development for facilitating uterine involution with *** L.

关键词： measurement contraction sectional

The role of emergency incident type in identifying first responders' health exposure risks

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2023年第2期4卷 167-173页

作者： Emily J.Haas Katherine N.Yoon Alexa Furek Megan Casey susan M.Moore National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory(NPPTL) National Institute for Ocupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)PittsburghPA 15236United States National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory(NPPTL) National Institute forOccupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)MorgantownWV2605United States

Fire-based emergency management service(EMS)personnel are dispatched to various incidents daily,many of which have unique occupational *** fully understand the variability of incident types and how to best pre-pare and respond,an exploration of the *** system of incident types is *** study uses potential exposure to SARS-CoV-2 as a case example to understand if and how coding categories for incident call types may be updated to improve data standardization and emergency response decision *** received emergency response incident data generated by three fire department computer-aided dispatch(CAD)systems between March and September *** incident was labeled EMS,Fire,or *** the 162,766 incidents,approximately 8.1%(n=13,144)noted potential SARS-CoV-2 exposure within their narrative descriptions of which 86.3%were coded as EMS,9.9%as Fire,and 3.9%as *** assess coding variability across incident types,researchers used the original 3-incident type variable and a new 5-incident type variable reassigned by researchers into EMS,Fire,Other,Hazmat,and Motor *** regressions compared differences in potential exposure using the 3-and 5-incident type *** evaluating the 3-incident type variable,those respond-ing to a Fire versus an EMS incident were 84%less likely to be associated with potential exposure to *** the 5-incident type variable,those responding to Fire incidents were 77%less likely to be associated with a potential exposure than those responding to EMS *** in potential exposure between the 3-and 5-incident type models show the need to understand how incident types are *** demonstrates the need for data standardization to accurately categorize incident types to improve emergency preparedness and *** have implications for incident type coding at fire department municipality and national levels.

关键词： Emergencymedical se Firefighter Incident type Surveillance Telecommunicator

A balancing act: Optimizing free chlorine contact time to minimize iodo-DBPs, NDMA, and regulated DBPs in chloraminated drinking water

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 315-325页

作者： Matthew A.Bloodgood Sridevi Anduri Chowdary Eric J.Daiber Honglan Shi Caroline O.Granger susan D.Richardson Student Services Authority U.S.Environmental Protection AgencyNational Exposure Research LaboratoryAthensGA 30605USA Department of Chemistry Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMO 65409USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

Many drinking water treatment plants in the U.S. have switched from chlorination to chloramination to lower levels of regulated trihalomethane(THM) and haloacetic acid(HAA) disinfection byproducts(DBPs) in drinking water and meet the current regulations. However, chloramination can also produce other highly toxic/carcinogenic, unregulated DBPs: iodoacids, iodo-THMs, and N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA). In practice, chloramines are generated by the addition of chlorine with ammonia, and plants use varying amounts of free chlorine contact time prior to ammonia addition to effectively kill pathogens and meet DBP regulations. However, iodo-DBPs and nitrosamines are generally not considered in this balancing of free chlorine contact time. The goal of our work was to determine whether an optimal free chlorine contact time could be established in which iodo-DBPs and NDMA could be minimized, while keeping regulated THMs and HAAs below their regulatory limits. The effect of free chlorine contact time was evaluated for the formation of six iodo-trihalomethanes(iodo-THMs), six iodo-acids, and NDMA during the chloramination of drinking water. Ten different free chlorine contact times were examined for two source waters with different dissolved organic carbon(DOC) and bromide/iodide. For the low DOC water at pH 7 and 8, an optimized free chlorine contact time of up to 1 h could control regulated THMs and HAAs, as well as iodo-DBPs and NDMA. For the high DOC water, a free chlorine contact time of 5 min could control iodo-DBPs and NDMA at both p Hs, but the regulated DBPs could exceed the regulations at pH 7.

关键词： Iodo-DBPs NDMA Disinfection byproducts Chloramine Drinking water Free chlorine contact time