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Cerebral misery perfusion due to carotid occlusive disease

Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2017年第2期2卷 88-93页

作者： Mohana Maddula Nikola Sprigg Philip M Bath sunil munshi Acute Stroke Unit Tauranga HospitalTaurangaNew Zealand Division of Clinical Neuroscience University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Department of Stroke Nottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK

Purpose Cerebral misery perfusion(CMP)is a condition where cerebral autoregulatory capacity is exhausted,and cerebral blood supply in insufficient to meet metabolic *** present an educational review of this important condition,which has a range of clinical *** A non-systematic review of published literature was undertaken on CMP and major cerebral artery occlusive disease,using Pubmed and *** Patients with CMP may present with strokes in watershed territories,collapses and transient ischaemic attacks or episodic movements associated with an orthostatic *** positron emission tomography is the gold standard investigation for misery perfusion,advanced MRI is being increasingly used as an alternative investigation *** presence of CMP increases the risk of *** addition to the devastating effect of stroke,there is accumulating evidence of impaired cognition and quality of life with carotid occlusive disease(COD)and misery *** evidence for revascularisation in the setting of complete carotid occlusion is *** management constitutes careful blood pressure management while addressing other vascular risk *** The evidence for the management of patients with COD and CMP is discussed,together with recommendations based on our local *** this review,we focus on misery perfusion due to *** Patients with CMP and COD may present with a wide-ranging clinical phenotype and therefore to many *** identification of patients with misery perfusion may allow appropriate management and focus on strategies to maintain or improve cerebral blood flow,while avoiding potentially harmful treatment.

关键词： perfusion carotid impaired

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Diabetes mellitus and stroke: A clinical update

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第6期8卷 235-248页

作者： Nyo Nyo Tun Ganesan Arunagirinathan sunil K munshi Joseph M Pappachan Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Western General Hospital Department of Stroke Medicine Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Royal Lancaster InfirmaryUniversity Hospitals Morecambe NHS Trust

Cardiovascular disease including stroke is a major complication that tremendously increases the morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM). DM poses about four times higher risk for stroke. Cardiometabolic risk factors including obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia often co-exist in patients with DM that add on to stroke risk. Because of the strong association between DM and other stroke risk factors, physicians and diabetologists managing patients should have thorough understanding of these risk factors and management. This review is an evidence-based approach to the epidemiological aspects, pathophysiology, diagnostic work up and management algorithms for patients with diabetes and stroke.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Stroke Metabolic memory Cardiovascular disease Glycaemic management

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AI/ML Enabled Automation System for Software Defined Disaggregated Open Radio Access Networks:Transforming Telecommunication Business

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 271-293页

作者： sunil Kumar Institute for Communication Systems University of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUK

Open Air Interface(OAI)alliance recently introduced a new disaggregated Open Radio Access Networks(O-RAN)framework for next generation telecommunications and *** disaggregated architecture is open,automated,software defined,virtual,and supports the latest advanced technologies like Artificial Intelligence(AI)Machine Learning(AI/ML).This novel intelligent architecture enables programmers to design and customize automated applications according to the business needs and to improve quality of service in fifth generation(5G)and Beyond 5G(B5G).Its disaggregated and multivendor nature gives the opportunity to new startups and small vendors to participate and provide cheap hardware software solutions to keep the market *** paper presents the disaggregated and programmable O-RAN architecture focused on automation,AI/ML services,and applications with Flexible Radio access network Intelligent Controller(FRIC).We schematically demonstrate the reinforcement learning,external applications(xApps),and automation steps to implement this disaggregated O-RAN *** idea of this research paper is to implement an AI/ML enabled automation system for software defined disaggregated O-RAN,which monitors,manages,and performs AI/ML-related services,including the model deployment,optimization,inference,and training.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence(AI) Reinforcement Learning(RL) Open Radio Access Networks(O-RAN) Flexible Radio access network Intelligent Controller(FRIC) external Applications(xApps) Machine Learning(ML),sixth generation(6G)

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A Cocktail of Natural Compounds Holds Promise for New Immunotherapeutic Potential in Head and Neck Cancer

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期30卷 42-51页

作者： sunil Kumar Asmita Das Department of Biotechnology Delhi Technological UniversityDelhi(110042)India

Objective: To obtain detailed understanding on the gene regulation of natural compounds in altering prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas(HNSC). Methods: Gene expression data of HNSC samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) of HNSC patients were collected from Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO). Differential gene expression analysis of GEO datasets were achieved by the GEO2R tool. Common differentially expressed gerres(DEGs) were screened by comparing DEGs of HNSC with those of PBMCs. The combination was further analyzed for regulating pathways and biological processes that were affected. Results: Totally 110 DEGs were retrieved and identified to be involved in biological processes related to tumor regulation. Then 102 natural compounds were screened for a combination such that the expressions of all 110 commonly DEGs were altered. A combination of salidroside, ginsenoside Rd, oridonin, britanin, and scutellarein was chosen. A multifaceted, multi-dimensional tumor regression was showed by altering autophagy, apoptosis, inhibiting cell proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammatory cytokines production. Conclusions: This study has helped develop a unique combination of natural compounds that will markedly reduce the propensity of development of drug resistance in tumors and immune evasion by tumors. The result is crucial to developing a combinatorial natural therapeutic cocktail with accentuated immunotherapeutic potential.

关键词： natural compounds chemopreventive gene expression head and neck cancer immunomodulator salidroside ginsenoside Rd oridonin britanin scutellarein

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Study of plasma parameters of coaxial plasma source using triple Langmuir probe and Faraday cup diagnostics

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第4期26卷 94-100页

作者： sunil KANCHI Rohit SHUKLA Archana SHARMA Pulsed Power and Electromagnetics Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreVisakhapatnam 531011India Homi Bhabha National Institute Mumbai 400085India Beam Technology Development Group Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbai 400085India

Coaxial plasma guns are a type of plasma source that produces plasma which propagates radially and axially controlled by the shape of the ground electrode, which has attracted much interest in several applications. In this work, a 120° opening angle of CPG nozzle is used as a plasma gun configuration that operates at the energy of 150 J. The ionization of polyethylene insulator between the electrodes of the gun produces a cloud of hydrogen and carbon *** triple Langmuir probe and Faraday cup are used to measure plasma density and plasma temperature. These methods are used to measure the on-axis and off-axis plasma divergence of the coaxial plasma gun. The peak values of ion densities measured at a distance of 25 mm on-axis from the plasma gun are(1.6±0.5)×10^(19)m^(-3)and(2.8±0.6)×10^(19)m^(-3)for hydrogen and carbon plasma respectively and the peak temperature is 3.02±0.5 eV. The mean propagation velocity of plasma is calculated using the transit times of plasma at different distances from the plasma gun and is found to be 4.54±0.25 cm/μs and 1.81±0.18 cm/μs for hydrogen and carbon plasma respectively. The Debye radius is obtained from the measured experimental data that satisfies the thin sheath approximation. The shot-to-shot stability of plasma parameters facilitates the use of plasma guns in laboratory experiments. These types of plasma sources can be used in many applications like plasma opening switches, plasma devices, and as plasma sources.

关键词： coaxial plasma source triple Langmuir probe Faraday cup plasma density plasma temperature

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Bile acid metabolism and signaling in health and disease:molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2014-2064页

作者： Joshua S.Fleishman sunil Kumar Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt.John’s UniversityQueensNYUSA

Bile acids,once considered mere dietary surfactants,now emerge as critical modulators of macronutrient(lipid,carbohydrate,protein)metabolism and the systemic pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory *** acid metabolism and signaling pathways play a crucial role in protecting against,or if aberrant,inducing cardiometabolic,inflammatory,and neoplastic conditions,strongly influencing health and *** curative treatment exists for any bile acid influenced disease,while the most promising and well-developed bile acid therapeutic was recently rejected by the ***,we provide a bottom-up approach on bile acids,mechanistically explaining their biochemistry,physiology,and pharmacology at canonical and non-canonical *** this mechanistic model of bile acids,we explain how abnormal bile acid physiology drives disease pathogenesis,emphasizing how ceramide synthesis may serve as a unifying pathogenic feature for cardiometabolic *** provide an in-depth summary on pre-existing bile acid receptor modulators,explain their shortcomings,and propose solutions for how they may be ***,we rationalize novel targets for further translational drug discovery and provide future *** than dismissing bile acid therapeutics due to recent setbacks,we believe that there is immense clinical potential and a high likelihood for the future success of bile acid therapeutics.

关键词： metabolism rejected shortcomings

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MXenes: Versatile 2D materials with tailored surface chemistry and diverse applications

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 253-293,I0008页

作者： sunil Kumar Nitu Kumari Yongho Seo Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering and HMC Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006South Korea School of Studies in Chemistry Jiwaji UniversityGwalior 474011India

MXenes,the most recent addition to the 2D material family,have attracted significant attention owing to their distinctive characteristics,including high surface area,conductivity,surface characteristics,mechanical strength,*** review begins by presenting MXenes,providing insights into their structural characteristics,synthesis methods,and surface functional *** review covers a thorough analysis of MXene surface properties,including surface chemistry and termination group *** properties of MXenes are influenced by their synthesis,which can be fluorine-based or ***-based synthesis techniques involve etching with fluorine-based reagents,mainly including HF or LiF/HCl,while fluorine-free methods include electrochemical etching,chemical vapor deposition(CVD),alkaline etching,Lewis acid-based etching,*** techniques result in the emergence of functional groups such as-F,-O,-OH,-Cl,*** the MXenes surface,depending on the synthesis method *** of MXenes,such as electrical conductivity,electronic properties,catalytic activity,magnetic properties,mechanical strength,and chemical and thermal stability,are examined,and the role of functional groups in determining these properties is *** review delves into the diverse applications of MXenes,encompassing supercapacitors,battery materials,hydrogen storage,fuel cells,electromagnetic interference(EMI) shielding,pollutant removal,water purification,flexible electronics,sensors,additive manufacturing,catalysis,biomedical and healthcare fields,***,this article outlines the challenges and opportunities in the current and future development of MXenes research,addressing various aspects such as synthesis scalability,etching challenges,and multifunctionality,and exploring novel *** review concludes with future prospects and conclusions envisioning the impact of MXenes on future technologies and innovation.

关键词： MXenes 2D materials Surface chemistry MXenes structure Synthesis Applications

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Maize gets an iron boost:Biofortification breakthrough holds promise to combat iron deficiency

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第4期66卷 635-637页

作者： sunil Kumar Sahu State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics Key Laboratory of GenomicsMinistry of AgricultureBGI ResearchShenzhen 518083China BGI Research Wuhan 430074China

Micronutrient deficiencies affect more than two billion people worldwide,resulting in poor health,developmental issues,and even *** deficiency is one of the most prevalent micronutrient deficiencies worldwide and impa... 详细信息

关键词： population breakthrough holds

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‘Prediabetes’ as a practical distinctive window for workable fruitful wonders: Prevention and progression alert as advanced professionalism

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第1期13卷 1-6页

作者： sunil Jain Department of Paediatrics Indian Armed Forces Medical Servicesc/o 56 APO 900244India

Diabetes is a devastating public health *** is an intermediate stage in the disease processes leading to diabetes,including types 1 and 2 *** the article“Prediabetes in children and adolescents:An updated review,”the authors presented current *** simplify and systematically clearly present the evidence and rationale for a conceptual framework we term the‘3ASs’:(1)Awareness Sensible;(2)Algorithm Simple;and(3)Appealing *** makers and the public need to be *** prevalence of prediabetes should send alarm bells ringing for parents,individuals,clinicians,and policy *** is defined by the following criteria:impaired fasting glucose(100-125 mg/dL);impaired glucose tolerance(2 h postprandial glucose 140-199 mg/dL);or hemoglobin A1c values of 5.7%–6.4%.Any of the above positive test alerts for *** guidelines do not recommend prioritizing one test over the others for *** should be made on the strengths and shortfalls of each *** preferences and test accessibility should be taken into *** algorithm based on age,physiological stage,health status,and risk factors is *** prevention targeting populations aims to eliminate risk factors through public education and encouraging practices through environmental *** to healthy foods is *** prevention is for individuals with a prediabetes diagnosis and involves a structured program to reduce body weight and increase physical activity along with a healthy *** overall methodical move to a healthy lifestyle for lifelong health is urgently *** energetic prediabetes action is necessary.

关键词： Obesity Overweight Awareness Algorithm Lifestyle Physical exercise Screening Primordial prevention Primary prevention Adolescents

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Designing Sustainable Thermal Energy System with Electro-Photo Conversion

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1642-1656页

作者： Praveen BARMAVATU sunil Kumar KOTHAPALLI Abilash RADHAKRISHNAN Dani Jermisha RAILIS Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversidad Tecnologica MetropolitanaSantiago 7810003Chile SRKR Engineering College BhimavaramWest GodavariAndhra Pradesh 534204India Maria College of Engineering and Technology Attoor629177Tamil NaduIndia

Thermal energy conversion and also storage system is to advance knowledge and develop practical solutions at the intersection of micro and nano-scale engineering,energy conversion,and *** research addresses the challenge of enhancing these critical aspects to ensure prolonged system performance and durability in the context of evolving energy *** research analyses the anti-oxidation and filtration behaviours of micro and nano-scale structures in the context of electro-and photo-thermal energy conversion and also storage systems.A micro multiscale hierarchical structure strategy is presented to fabricate multi-scale double-layer porous wick evaporators with the electrospun nanofibers made of gelatin-polyamide 6(GPA6)and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene/silver nanowire with Cellulose Micro/NanoFibers(CMNF)cryogens by using spark plasma sintering(SPS)based high-pressure hydrothermal treatment *** excellent anti-oxidation effect was offered by coating the film in thermal conditions and the anti-oxidation properties were further examined from 500℃to850℃.The results are analysed using Matlab software to improve the efficiency of energy conversion processes by integrating nanostructures into thermal systems,to increase energy output while minimizing *** silver nanowire is with a heat transfer coefficient of 78%,a mass remaining rate of 98.7%,and an energy storage efficiency of 23.8%.This study enhances energy density and duration by integrating nanostructures into thermal systems while minimizing energy losses,and it not only exhibits excellent anti-oxidation properties but also possesses superior filtration capabilities for designing and engineering multifunctional nanomaterials.

关键词： heat exchanger micro and nano-scale structure electro-and photo-thermal energy conversion and storage system anti-oxidation filtration behaviour

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