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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第24期18卷 3050-3057页

作者： Uday C Ghoshal sunil b daschakraborty Renu Singh Department of Gastroenterology Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226104India

Achalasia cardia is one of the common causes of motor *** the disease was first described more than 300 years ago,exact pathogenesis of this condition still remains ***,achalasia cardia is caused by loss of inhibitory ganglion in the myenteric plexus of the *** the initial stage,degeneration of inhibitory nerves in the esophagus results in unopposed action of excitatory neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine,resulting in high amplitude non-peristaltic contractions(vigorous achalasia);progressive loss of cholinergic neurons over time results in dilation and low amplitude simultaneous contractions in the esophageal body(classic achalasia).Since the initial description,several studies have attempted to explore initiating agents that may cause the disease,such as viral infection,other environmental factors,autoimmunity,and genetic *** Chagas disease,which mimics achalasia,is caused by an infective agent,available evidence suggests that infection may not be an independent cause of primary achalasia.A genetic basis for achalasia is supported by reports showing occurrence of disease in monozygotic twins,siblings and other first-degree relatives and occurrence in association with other genetic diseases such as Down's syndrome and Parkinson's *** in genes encoding for nitric oxide synthase,receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide,interleukin 23 and the ALADIN gene have been ***,studies on larger numbers of patients and controls from different ethnic groups are needed before definite conclusions can be ***,the disease is believed to be multi-factorial,with autoimmune mechanisms triggered by infection in a genetically predisposed individual leading to degeneration of inhibitory ganglia in the wall of the esophagus.

关键词： Esophagus Motor dysphagia Motility disor-der Peristalsis Esophageal sphincter

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Developing Mg–Zn surface alloy by friction surface allosying: In vitro degradation studies in simulated body fluids

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2020年第7期27卷 962-969页

作者： Venkateswarlu badisha Shabana Shaik Ravikumar Dumpala b.Ratna sunil Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies(AP-IIIT)Nuzvid 521202India Department of Mechanical Engineering Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies(AP-IIIT)Nuzvid 521202India Department of Mechanical Engineering Visvesvaraya National Institute of TechnologyNagpur 440010India Department of Mechanical Engineering Bapatla Engineering CollegeBapatla 522101India

A new variant of friction-assisted process named friction surface alloying(FSA)for developing surface alloys was demonstrated in the present *** FSA,the dispersed phase is melted and allowed to react with the matrix material to form an alloy at the surface of a metallic *** the present work,magnesium(Mg)sheets and zinc(Zn)powder were selected,and fine grained(~3.5μm)Mg–Zn surface alloy with improved hardness was produced by FSA.X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the formation of intermetallic phases of Mg and Zn at the *** the in vitro degradation studies carried out by immersing in simulated body fluids,a lower corrosion rate was observed for the Mg–Zn surface alloy compared with pure *** surface morphologies after immersion studies indicated large degraded areas on the base Mg compared with Mg–*** results demonstrate the potential of FSA in developing Mg-based surface alloys without melting the substrate to impart better surface properties.

关键词： friction stir processing,surface alloy magnesium zinc corrosion degradation

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AI/ML Enabled Automation System for Software Defined Disaggregated Open Radio Access Networks:Transforming Telecommunication business

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big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第2期7卷 271-293页

作者： sunil Kumar Institute for Communication Systems University of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUK

Open Air Interface(OAI)alliance recently introduced a new disaggregated Open Radio Access Networks(O-RAN)framework for next generation telecommunications and *** disaggregated architecture is open,automated,software defined,virtual,and supports the latest advanced technologies like Artificial Intelligence(AI)Machine Learning(AI/ML).This novel intelligent architecture enables programmers to design and customize automated applications according to the business needs and to improve quality of service in fifth generation(5G)and beyond 5G(b5G).Its disaggregated and multivendor nature gives the opportunity to new startups and small vendors to participate and provide cheap hardware software solutions to keep the market *** paper presents the disaggregated and programmable O-RAN architecture focused on automation,AI/ML services,and applications with Flexible Radio access network Intelligent Controller(FRIC).We schematically demonstrate the reinforcement learning,external applications(xApps),and automation steps to implement this disaggregated O-RAN *** idea of this research paper is to implement an AI/ML enabled automation system for software defined disaggregated O-RAN,which monitors,manages,and performs AI/ML-related services,including the model deployment,optimization,inference,and training.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence(AI) Reinforcement Learning(RL) Open Radio Access Networks(O-RAN) Flexible Radio access network Intelligent Controller(FRIC) external Applications(xApps) Machine Learning(ML),sixth generation(6G)

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Modelling and Analysis of bacteria Dependent Infectious Diseases with Variable Contact Rates

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第8期68卷 1859-1875页

作者： J.b.Shukla Shikha Singh Jitendra Singh sunil Kumar Sharma Innovative Internet University for Research Kanpur208017India P.P.N.(P.G.)College CSJM UniversityKanpur208001India College of Computer and Information Sciences Majmaah UniversityMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia

In this research,we proposed a non-linear SIS model to study the effect of variable interaction rates and non-emigrating population of the human habitat on the spread of bacteria-infected *** assumed that the growth of bacteria is logistic with an intrinsic growth rate is a linear function of *** this model,we assume that contact rates between susceptibles and infectives as well as between susceptibles and bacteria depend on the density of the non-emigrating population and the total population of the *** stability theory has been analyzed to analyzed to study the crucial role played by bacteria in the increased spread of an infectious *** is shown that as the density of non-emigrating population increases,the spread of an infectious disease *** is shown further that as the emigration increases,the spread of the disease decreases in both the cases of contact mentioned above rates,but this spread increases as these contact rates *** suggested that the control of bacteria in the human habitat is very useful to decrease the spread of an infectious *** results are confirmed by numerical simulation.

关键词： Mathematical modelling density dependent contact rates stability analysis

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A review on developing high-performance ZE41 magnesium alloy by using bulk deformation and surface modification methods

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第3期11卷 776-800页

作者： Subrat Kumar baral Manjusha M.Thawre b.Ratna sunil Ravikumar Dumpala Department of Mechanical Engineering Visvesvaraya National Institute of TechnologyNagpur 440010India Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Visvesvaraya National Institute of TechnologyNagpur 440010India Department of Mechanical Engineering Bapatla Engineering CollegeBapatla 522102India

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are generally used in light-weight structural applications due to their higher specific ***,the usage of these Mg alloys is limited due to their poor formability at room temperature,which is attributed to lower count of slip systems associated with the hcp crystal *** address these limitations,several new magnesium alloys and also many processing strategies have been developed and reported in the ***41 Mg is an alloy with significant quantities of zinc(Zn)and rare earth(RE)elements and has emerged as a promising material for aerospace,automotive,electronics,biomedical and many other *** make this alloy more competitive and viable,it should possess better mechanical and corrosion ***,the current paper reviews the effect of bulk mechanical processing on grain refinement,microstructural modification,and corresponding changes in the mechanical behaviour of ZE41Mg ***,the effect of various surface modification techniques on altering the surface microstructure and surface properties such as wear and corrosion are also briefly summarized and *** review also discusses the challenges and the future perspectives in developing high-performing ZE41 Mg alloys.

关键词： ZE41 magnesium alloy bulk deformation Surface modification Mechanical properties Wear Corrosion

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A Multi-Conditional Proxy broadcast Re-Encryption Scheme for Sensor Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第12期65卷 2079-2090页

作者： Pang Li Lifeng Zhu brij b.Gupta sunil Kumar Jha Nanjing Vocational College of Information Technology Nanjing210044China State Key Laboratory of bioelectronics Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Remote Measurement and ControlSchool of Instrument Science and EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing210096China Department of Computer Engineering National Institute of TechnologyKurukshetra136119India Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia UniversityTaichung41449Taiwan IT Fundamentals and Education Technologies Applications University of Information Technology and Management in RzeszowRzeszow Voivodeship100031Poland

In sensor networks,it is a challenge to ensure the security of data exchange between packet switching nodes holding different private *** order to solve this problem,the present study proposes a scheme called multi-conditional proxy broadcast re-encryption(MC-PbRE).The scheme consists of the following roles:the source node,proxy server,and the target *** the condition is met,the proxy can convert the encrypted data of the source node into data that the target node can directly *** allows the proxy server to convert the ciphertext of the source node to a new ciphertext of the target node in a different group,while the proxy server does not need to store the key or reveal the *** the same time,the proxy server cannot obtain any valuable information in the *** paper formalizes the concept of MC-PbRE and its security model,and proposes a MC-PbRE scheme of ciphertext ***,the scheme security has been proved in the random oracle.

关键词： Proxy re-encryption sensor network security broadcast re-encryption

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Analysis of OSA Syndrome from PPG Signal Using CART-PSO Classifier with Time Domain and Frequency Domain Features

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2019年第2期118卷 351-375页

作者： N.Kins burk sunil R.Ganesan b.Sankaragomathi Department of biomedical Engineering Sethu Institute of TechnologyVirudhunagarIndia Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering Saveetha Engineering CollegeChennaiIndia Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering National Engineering CollegeKovilpattiIndia.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea(OSA)is a respiratory syndrome that occurs due to insufficient airflow through the respiratory or respiratory arrest while sleeping and sometimes due to the reduced oxygen *** aim of this paper is to analyze the respiratory signal of a person to detect the Normal breathing Activity and the Sleep Apnea(SA)*** the proposed method,the time domain and frequency domain features of respiration signal obtained from the PPG device are *** features are applied to the Classification and Regression Tree(CART)-Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)classifier which classifies the signal into normal breathing signal and sleep apnea *** proposed method is validated to measure the performance metrics like sensitivity,specificity,accuracy and F1 score by applying time domain and frequency domain features ***,the performance of the CART-PSO(CPSO)classification algorithm is evaluated through comparing its measures with existing classification ***,the effect of the PSO algorithm in the classifier is validated by varying the parameters of PSO.

关键词： Obstructive sleep apnea photoplethysmogram signal time domain features frequency domain features classification and regression tree classifier particle swarm optimization algorithm.

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Riparian Vegetation Dynamics Across Two Different Landscapes Along the River Cauvery in the Kodagu Region of Western Ghats

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Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第3期9卷 351-361页

作者： C.sunil R.K.SOMASHEKAR b.C.NAGARAJA Department of Environmental Science Bangalore UniversityIndia

Decades of commercial planting and other anthropogenic processes are posing a threat to the riparian landscapes of the Cauvery river basin, which supports a high floral diversity. Despite this, the habitats in the upstream sections of the River Cauvery are still intact, as they are located in sacred groves. To understand the dynamism of riparian forests exposed to anthropogenic pressures, the upstream stretch of Cauvery extending from Kushalanagara to Talacauvery （~102 km） was categorized into two landscapes： agro ecosystem and sacred （i.e. preserved）. The tree species were sampled using belt transects at 5 km intervals and the regeneration status of endemic species assessed using quadrats. A total of 128 species belonging to 47 families, and representing 1,590 individuals, was observed. Amongst them, 65% of unique species were exclusive to sacred landscapes. A rarefaction plot confirmed higher species richness for the sacred compared to the agro ecosystem landscapes, and diversity indices with more evenness in distribution were evident in sacred landscapes. A significant loss of endemic tree species in the agro ecosystem landscapes was found. Overall, this study demonstrates that an intense biotic pressure in terms of plantations and other anthropogenic activities have altered the species composition of the riparian zone in non-sacred areas. A permanent policy implication is required for the conservation of riparian buffers to avoid further ecosystem degradation and loss of biodiversity.

关键词： Western Ghats Riparian vegetation Cauvery River Sacred grove Agro ecosystemlandscape Diversity indices Endemic species.

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Computer-aided diabetic retinopathy diagnostic model using optimal thresholding merged with neural network

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International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics 2020年第3期13卷 283-310页

作者： Ambaji S.Jadhav Pushpa b.Patil sunil biradar Department of Electrical and Electronics B.L.D.E.A’s V.P.Dr.P.G.Halakatti College of Engineering and Technology(Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University)VijayapurIndia Department of Ophthalmology Shri B.M.Patil Medical College and Research Center(Deemed to be University)VijayapurIndia

Purpose-Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a central root of blindness all over the *** DR is tough to diagnose in starting stages,and the detection procedure might be time-consuming even for qualified ***,intelligent disease detection techniques are extremely acceptable for progress analysis and recognition of various ***,a computer-aided diagnosis scheme based on intelligent learning approaches is intended to propose for diagnosing DR effectively using a benchmark ***/methodology/approach-The proposed DR diagnostic procedure involves four main steps:(1)image pre-processing,(2)blood vessel segmentation,(3)feature extraction,and(4)***,the retinal fundus image is taken for pre-processing with the help of Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization(CLAHE)and average *** the next step,the blood vessel segmentation is carried out using a segmentation process with optimized gray-level *** the blood vessels are extracted,feature extraction is done,using Local binary Pattern(LbP),Texture Energy Measurement(TEM based on Laws of Texture Energy),and two entropy computations-Shanon’s entropy,and Kapur’s *** collected features are subjected to a classifier called Neural Network(NN)with an optimized training *** the gray-level thresholding and NN is enhanced by the Modified Levy Updated-Dragonfly Algorithm(MLU-DA),which operates to maximize the segmentation accuracy and to reduce the error difference between the predicted and actual outcomes of the ***,this classification error can correctly prove the efficiency of the proposed DR detection ***-The overall accuracy of the proposed MLU-DA was 16.6%superior to conventional classifiers,and the precision of the developed MLU-DA was 22%better than LM-NN,16.6%better than PSO-NN,GWO-NN,and ***,it is concluded that the implemented MLU-DA outperformed state-of-the-art algorithms in detecting ***

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy detection Gray-level thresholding Optimal trained neural network Dragon fly algorithm Levy update Performance metrics

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Design of a novel hybrid intercarrier interference mitigation technique through wavelet implication in an OFDM system

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Digital Communications and Networks 2018年第4期4卷 258-263页

作者： Sandeep Sarowa Harmanjeet Singh sunil Agrawal b.S.Sohi Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering UIETPanjab Universay ChandigarhIndia Chondkorh UmVersi^Charuan PunjabIndia

Orthogonal Frequency Division Mtfltiplexing (OFDM)is the most preferred and widely used multiplexing tech- nique in current wireless environment for sidelining the spectrum scarcity problem by splitting a signal into N signals and subsequently modulating them through several orthogonal subcarriers (which bears high frequency). With several great features,OFDM is severely affected by undesirable affects of frequency offset errors and Local Oscillator (LO)frequency synchronization *** paper proposes an approach that devises a new hybrid technique,which is a combination of Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE)and Self Cancellation (SC)techniques through wavelet implication,to enhance bER performance of the OFDM system.A comparative analysis of SC,MILE,and wavelet-based hybrid InterCarrier Interference (ICI)cancellation techniques was conducted using 64-QAM and differential offset (0.02 and 0.01)for differential data bits (4 Mb and 16 Mb)to justify the outstanding *** simulation results showed a significant byte-error-rate improvement over different legacy techniques based on fast Fourier transform.

关键词： OFDM WOFDM DWT FFT ISI ICI MLE SC

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