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journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第2期30卷 264-275页

作者： Adedibu C.Tella Samson O.Owalude sunday j.olatunji Vincent O.Adimula sunday E.Elaigwu Lukman O.Alimi Peter A.Ajibade Oluwatobi S.Oluwafemi Department of Chemistry University of Ilorin Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science Stellenbosch University School of Chemistry and Physics University of Kwa Zulu-Natal Department of Applied Chemistry University of Johannesburg Doornfontein Campus Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research University of Johannesburg

We herein report the removal of amodiaquine, an emerging drug contaminant from aqueous solution using [Zn2（fum）2（bpy）] and [Zn4 O（bdc）3]（fum = fumaric acid; bpy =4,4-bipyridine; bdc = benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate） metal–organic frameworks（MOFs） as adsorbents. The adsorbents were characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared（FT-IR） spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction（PXRD）. Adsorption process for both adsorbents were found to follow the pseudo-first-order kinetics, and the adsorption equilibrium data fitted best into the Freundlich isotherm with the R2 values of 0.973 and0.993 obtained for [Zn2（fum）2（bpy）] and [Zn4 O（bdc）3] respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities foramodiaquine in this study were found to be 0.478 and 47.62 mg/g on the[Zn2（fum）2（bpy）] and [Zn4 O（bdc）3] MOFs respectively, and were obtained at p H of 4.3 for both adsorbents. FT-IR spectroscopy analysis of the MOFs after the adsorption process showed the presence of the drug. The results of the study showed that the prepared MOFs could be used for the removal of amodiaquine from wastewater.

关键词： Adsorption Metal–organic frameworks Amodiaquine Wastewater

Anatomy Education: Perceptions and Experiences of Nigerian Anatomists towards Contributing to Programme and Career Advancements

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Health 2022年第9期14卷 996-1019页

作者： joshua O. Owolabi sunday Y. olatunji Adedeji E. Adetunji Ahmad A. Tijani Anatomy Department Division of Basic Medical Sciences University of Global Health Equity Kigali Rwanda Department of Anatomy Ben Carson School of Medicine Babcock University Ilishan-Remo Nigeria Department of Anatomy Adventist School of Medicine of East-Central Africa Adventist University of Central Africa Kigali Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Anatomy Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medical Sciences Modibbo Adama University Yola Nigeria

Anatomy, a foremost basic medical science (BMS) has evolved in content and context, while remaining the most fundamental BMS subject. Stakeholders have continually made efforts especially in recent time to achieve an evolution of this subject. The primary aim of this work was to study the perceptions and experiences of Anatomists towards contributing to programme and career advancements. Following ethical approval, structured questionnaire was administered to Nigerian anatomists using a Google form. It is a total population study. The questionnaire had 13 sections, with each section addressing a theme that was integral to the subject of research interest. The last section collected free responses as qualitative information. After indicating informed consent, 106 anatomists properly completed and returned the questionnaires. Statistical and quantitative analyses of results were done. The most popular field amongst respondents was Neuroscience (60.9%);followed by Histology or Microscopic Anatomy (53.6%), Embryology or developmental anatomy (35.5%), Gross anatomy (34.5%) and Histochemistry (30.9%). About half of Nigerian anatomists involved in the study had a PhD degree. Training emphasized the cognitive domains the most. Consequently, emphasis should be laid on the psychomotor (skills) and the affective domain (attitude) to improve capacity, competences, and the job prospects of trainees. The consensus was that the programme trained students and prepared graduates as medical educators, scientists, and researchers. Anatomy has significant potential to contribute to development with proper programme design, emphasis on research, teaching and applied services competencies, effective policy formulation and implementation and adherence to best practices.

关键词： Anatomy Anatomical Sciences Education Curriculum Career Prospects Nigeria

Clay mineral formation and transformation in non-marine environments and implications for Early Cretaceous palaeoclimatic evolution:The Weald Basin,Southeast England

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journal of Palaeogeography 2022年第3期11卷 387-409页

作者： Oladapo O.Akinlotan Ogechukwu A.Moghalu Stuart j.Hatter sunday Okunuwadje Lorna Anquilano Uche Onwukwe Safiyeh Haghani Okwudiri A.Anyiam Byami A.jolly Department of Geography University of SussexFalmerBrightonBN19SJUnited Kingdom Department of Geology University of NigeriaNsukka Road410001NsukkaNigeria Badley Ashton and Associates Ltd Winceby HouseWincebyHorncastleLincolnshireLN96PBUnited Kingdom Department of Geology and Geophysics School of GeosciencesKings’CollegeUniversity of AberdeenScotlandAB243UEUnited Kingdom Experimental Techniques Centre Brunel University LondonBragg 16Brunel University LondonUxbridgeUB83PHUnited Kingdom Department of Geology Ahmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria

Analyses of clay minerals within the Early Cretaceous Weald Basin,Southeast England reveal kaolinite,illite and chlorite as the main detrital clay minerals while glauconite and smectite are subordinates.A kaolinite-rich assemblage which characterized the sand-dominated Ashdown and Tunbridge Wells Sand formations and an illite-dominated assemblage associated mostly with the Wadhurst Clay and Weald Clay formations are recognized.Kaolinite was enriched in the Ashdown and Tunbridge Wells Sand formations during warm and humid climate with high precipitation that encouraged chemical weathering and leaching,while cold and dry conditions favoured the concentration of illite in the Wadhurst Clay and Weald Clay formations.Rainfall patterns associated with warm climate were drastically reduced during the drier climatic conditions.Most clay minerals are detrital in origin,with chlorite being more prominent than previously recognized.Contrary to previous studies and assumptions,this study revealed that authigenic clay minerals are present in the Hastings Beds,with vermiform and mica-replacive kaolinite being the most common,consistent with humid depositional environments.Isolated authigenic illite is also present,along with a chloritized grain,providing evidence for mesodiagenesis.The absence of dickite and occurrence of kaolinite,suggest that authigenic illite formed in relatively shallow burial conditions,indicating a maximum burial depth of2500 m-3000 m,about 1000 m deeper than previous estimates of 1500 m-2000 m.Authigenic clay minerals are absent in the Weald Clay Formation possibly because of hindered flow of meteoric water and limited growth space for authigenic minerals.This study is significant in:1)reinforcing multiple methods to facilitate a robust and balanced knowledge of formation and transformation of clay minerals;2)investigating detrital and authigenic clay mineral assemblages when assessing the palaeoenvironments of sedimentary basins.

关键词： Clay minerals Clay mineral transformation Palaeoclimate Early Cretaceous Weald Basin Wealden Southeast England

Larval habitats of mosquito fauna in Osogbo metropolis,Southwestern Nigeria

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第9期3卷 673-677页

作者： Monsuru Adebayo Adeleke Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe Abdulwasiu Oladele Hassan sunday Olukayode Oladejo IsmailOlaoye Ganiyu olatunji Olatunde Taiwo Adewole Department of Biological Sciences Osun State University College of Health Sciences Osun State University Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital Department of Biology Osun StateCollege of Education Department of Economics Fountain University

Objective:To determine the larval habitats of mosquito fauna and possible impact of land use/land cover changes on the epidemiology of mosquito-bome diseases in Osogbo metropolis,Southwestern,Nigeria.Methods:All accessible larval habitats were surveyed between May and September,2011in Osogbo metropolis while Land Use/Land cover of the city was analyzed using 2 Lansat Multispectral Scanner satellite imagery of SPOT 1986 and T.ANDSAT TM 2009.Results:A total of six species namely,Aedes aegypti,Aedes albopictus,Aedes vittatus,Anopheles gambiae complex,Culex quinquefascialus and Erelmapodite chrysogaster were encountered during the study.The occurrence and contribution of disused tyres was significantly higher(P0.05).The accessible land use/land covered of the study area between 1986 and 2009 showed that the wet land coverage and settlement area increased from 0.19 lo 9.09 hectare and 1.00 to 2.01 hectare respectively while the forest area decreased from 60.18 to 50.14 hectare.Conclusion:The contribution of the habitats coupled with the increasing rale of flooded environment which could provide ample breeding sites for mosquitoes call for sustained environmental sanitation and management in Osogbo metropolis.

关键词： Larval habitats Mosquitoes Land use/land cover Nigeria

In vitro and in vivo cytochrome P450 3A enzyme inhibition by Aframomum melengueta and Dennettia tripetala extracts

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Asian Pacific journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第6期10卷 645-650页

作者： sunday O.Nduka Mathew j.Okonta Daniel L.Ajaghaku Chinwe V.Ukwe Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwkaAnambra StateNigeria Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management University of NigeriaNsukkaEnugu StateNigeria Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwkaAnambra StateNigeria

Objective: To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of two commonly used herbs, Aframomum melengueta(A. melengueta) and Dennettia tripetala(D. tripetala) on CYP 3A enzymes. Methods: In vitro inhibition of the enzymes were assessed with microsomes extracted from female albino rats using erythromycin-N-demethylation assay(EMND) method while their in vivo effects were measured by estimating simvastatin plasma concentrations in rats. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined using non-compartmental anaysis as implemented in Win Nonlin pharmacokinetic program. Results: EMND assay with intestinal microsomes indicated that aqueous extracts of D. tripetala and A. melengueta significantly(P < 0.05) inhibited intestinal CYP 3A activity at both 50 μg and 100 μg concentrations. Petroleum ether extract of D. tripetala and ethanol extracts of A. melengueta inhibited intestinal CYP3 A activity at 100 μg but not at 50 μg concentrations. All the extracts showed an in vitrodose dependent CYP 3A inhibition with liver microsomes. In vivo analysis showed that pretreatment with the extracts enhanced systemic absorption of simvastatin with reductions in metabolizing enzymes activity as indicated in significant increases in maximal concentration, area under curve, area under moment curve and mean resident time of simvastatin(P < 0.05). Conclusions: Herbal preparations containing these plants' extracts should be used with caution especially in patients on CYP450 3A substrate medications.

关键词： Cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP 3A Enzyme inhibition Herbal extracts

Identification of Question and Non-Question Segments in Arabic Monologues Using Prosodic Features: Novel Type-2 Fuzzy Logic and Sensitivity-Based Linear Learning Approaches

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journal of Intelligent Learning Systems and Applications 2013年第3期5卷 165-175页

作者： sunday Olusanya olatunji Lahouari Cheded Wasfi G. Al-Khatib Omair Khan College of Computer Science and Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia.

In this paper, we extend our previous study of addressing the important problem of automatically identifying question and non-question segments in Arabic monologues using prosodic features. We propose here two novel classification approaches to this problem: one based on the use of the powerful type-2 fuzzy logic systems (type-2 FLS) and the other on the use of the discriminative sensitivity-based linear learning method (SBLLM). The use of prosodic features has been used in a plethora of practical applications, including speech-related applications, such as speaker and word recognition, emotion and accent identification, topic and sentence segmentation, and text-to-speech applications. In this paper, we continue to specifically focus on the Arabic language, as other languages have received a lot of attention in this regard. Moreover, we aim to improve the performance of our previously-used techniques, of which the support vector machine (SVM) method was the best performing, by applying the two above-mentioned powerful classification approaches. The recorded continuous speech is first segmented into sentences using both energy and time duration parameters. The prosodic features are then extracted from each sentence and fed into each of the two proposed classifiers so as to classify each sentence as a Question or a Non-Question sentence. Our extensive simulation work, based on a moderately-sized database, showed the two proposed classifiers outperform SVM in all of the experiments carried out, with the type-2 FLS classifier consistently exhibiting the best performance, because of its ability to handle all forms of uncertainties.

关键词： Arabic Monologues Prosodic Features Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Systems Sensitivity Based Linear LearningMethod Support Vector Machines

Assessment of sanitary conditions of unregistered pig slaughter slabs and post mortem examination of pigs for Taenia solium metacestodes in Kaduna metropolis, Nigeria

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 424-429,423页

作者： Agnes U Edia-Asuke Helen I Inabo Veronica j Umoh Clement MZ Whong sunday Asuke Richard E Edeh Department of Microbiology Ahmadu Bello UniversityZariaKadunaNigeria Biological Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalWestville CampusDurbanSouth Africa Department of Community Medicine Ahmadu Bello University Teaching HospitalShika ZariaKadunaNigeria Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ahmadu Bello UniversityZariaKadunaNigeria

Background:A number of studies document the prevalence of Taenia solium infections in Nigeria,yet these studies do not cover porcine cysticercosis in private home slaughter slabs where there is no routine meat inspection and backyard pig keeping,slaughtering and sale are common practice.Methods:An environmental and sanitary assessment was conducted within two unregistered home pig slaughter slabs in selected parts of the Kaduna metropolis in Nigeria.Slaughter premises were inspected for availability of basic facilities and questionnaires were used to elicit necessary informative data.Butchers were examined for taeniasis by stool microscopy and copro-antigen enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(copro-Ag ELISA)to ascertain T.solium-taeniasis.Pigs slaughtered at the premises were examined for cysticerci.Results:Home slaughter conditions were substandard,unhygienic and lacked the basic facilities of a proper slaughterhouse.Prevalence of porcine cysticercosis was 9.3%.The butchers participating in the study had very poor knowledge of T.solium infections and 30%tested positive for taeniasis by copro-Ag ELISA at the time of the study.Conclusion:Home slaughter of pigs in the areas studied should be considered and integrated as a component of prevention and control programmes-particularly through educational interventions-in order to equip individuals involved with a good understanding of the risks associated with animal husbandry and human practices.

关键词： Pig slaughter slabs Home slaughter Copro-Ag ELISA Taenia solium metacestodes Kaduna Nigeria

Role of the cation-chloride-cotransporters in the circadian system

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Asian journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2021年第5期16卷 589-597页

作者： Shihan Salihu Nur Farah Meor Azlan sunday Solomon josiah Zhijuan Wu Yun Wang jinwei Zhang Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Medical SchoolCollege of Medicine and HealthUniversity of ExeterHatherly LaboratoriesExeter EX44PSUK Department of Neurology Institutes of Brain ScienceState Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain ScienceInstitute of Biological ScienceZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

The circadian system plays an immense role in controlling physiological processes in our body.The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) supervises this system,regulating and harmonising the circadian rhythms in our body.Most neurons present in the SCN are GABAergic neurons.Although GABA is considered the main inhibitory neurotransmitter of the CNS,recent studies have shown that excitatory responses were recorded in this area.These responses are enabled by an increase in intracellular chloride ions[Cl;];levels.The chloride (Cl;) levels in GABAergic neurons are controlled by two solute carrier 12 (SLC12)cation-chloride-cotransporters (CCCs):Na^(+)/K^(+)/Cl^(-)co-transporter (NKCC1) and K^(+)/Cl^(-)cotransporter (KCC2),that respectively cause an influx and efflux of Cl^(-).Recent works have found altered expression and/or activity of either of these co-transporters in SCN neurons and have been associated with circadian rhythms.In this review,we summarize and discuss the role of CCCs in circadian rhythms,and highlight these recent advances which attest to CCC’s growing potential as strong research and therapeutic targets.

关键词： GABAergic Na^(+)-K^(+)-2Cl^(-)cotransporter 1(NKCC1) K^(+)-2Cl^(-)cotransporter 2(KCC2) WNK3-SPAK/OSR1,Chloride(Cl^(-)) homoostasis Suprachiasmatic nucleus(SCN) Circadian rhythms

Effects of co-administration of Ganoderma terpenoid extract with chloroquine on inflammatory markers and antioxidant status in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice

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journal of Integrative Medicine 2020年第6期18卷 522-529页

作者： Olarewaju M.Oluba Oghenerobor B.Akpor Feyikemi D.Adebiyi sunday j.josiah Olayinka O.Alabi Ayoola O.Shoyombo Augustine O.Olusola Department of Biochemistry Food Safety&Toxicology Research UnitCollege of Pure&Applied SciencesLandmark UniversityOmu-AranKwara State 251101Nigeria Department of Microbiology College of Pure&Applied SciencesLandmark UniversityOmu-AranKwara State 251101Nigeria Department of Chemical Sciences Joseph Ayo Babalola UniversityIkeji-ArakejiOsun State 233121Nigeria Department of Medical Biochemistry College of Basic Medical SciencesIgbinedion UniversityOkadaEdo State 302110Nigeria Department of Animal Science College of Agricultural SciencesLandmark UniversityOmu-AranKwara State 251101Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Adekunle Ajasin UniversityAkungba AkokoOndo State 342111Nigeria

Objective:To understand the protective effects of Ganoderma terpenoid extract(GTE)against Plasmodium berghei-malarial infection in mice,the present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of GTE in combination with chloroquine disulphate(CQ)on erythrocyte-selected inflammatory markers and antioxidant defense status in P.berghei-infected mice.Methods:P.berghei-infected mice were divided into six groups:infected control(IC)group,administered 1 mL Tween 20;GTE100 and GTE250 groups,administered 100 and 250 mg/kg GTE,respectively;GT100+CQ and GT250+CQ groups,co-administered 100 and 250 mg/kg GTE plus 30 mg/kg CQ,respectively;and CQ group,administered 30 mg/kg CQ.A separate group of non-infected mice were given 1 m L Tween 20,and served as a normal control group(NC).Extract and drug were dissolved in Tween20 and administered orally once daily for 12 consecutive days.At the end of the treatment period,mice were anesthetized with chloroform and sacrificed by cervical dislocation.Plasma was prepared from blood obtained from each mouse.Parameters evaluated at the end of the treatment period include parasitemia,red blood cell count,hematocrit,malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH),catalase(CAT),glutathione peroxidase(GPx),superoxide dismutase(SOD),tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a),and interleukin-10(IL-10).Results:Infected mice treated with a combination of GTE and CQ(GT100+CQ and GT250+CQ groups)showed significantly reduced parasitemia levels(P<0.05)compared to those administered GTE alone as well as IC.Significant improvement in body weight(P<0.05)was also observed in infected mice treated with a combination of GTE and CQ(GT100+CQ and GT250+CQ groups),compared to mice receiving GTE alone(GTE100 and GTE250 groups).Plasma MDA and TNF-a concentrations were significantly lowered,and IL-10 concentration was significantly increased in GT100+CQ and GT250+CQ groups,relative to the IC group(P<0.05).GSH concentration and SOD,CAT and GPx activities were significantly higher in GT100+CQ and GT250+CQ groups compared to the GTE100,GT

关键词： Ganoderma Terpenes Malaria Oxidative stress Antioxidants Anti-inflammatory agents

Image j Analysis of Six Different Annealed Temperatures of 0.17% C of HSLA Steels

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World journal of Engineering and Technology 2020年第4期8卷 617-629页

作者： Ngozi Grace Emordi Iweriolor sunday Onyekpe Basil Obimma Department of Metallurgical Engineering Delta State Polytechnic Ogwashi Uku Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Delta State Polytechnic Ogwashi Uku Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Benin Benin Nigeria

Annealing is a heat treatment procedure in which the mechanical properties of a material are being altered, and such alterations cause changes in its properties such as strength and hardness. It is usually carried out to improve ductility and toughness, to reduce hardness and to remove carbides. This study deals with the use of image analysis processing method for the measurement of structure of six annealed samples of 0.17% High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) Steels (840°C - 990°C) with 30°C interval and 30 minutes soaking time. From the optical microscope images using Image j program, some parameters like calculation of area, pixel value statistics, distances and angles measurements, edge detection, such as the circularity, ferret angle, solidity and perimeter, average area and the percentage area were examined. The annealed sample of 960°C gave the highest grain count of 543 with a perimeter of 41.518;standard deviation 7.057 and a mean of 28.722 which shows that annealing greatly improved the fatigue life of the steel. From the mechanical analysis result, the annealed sample at 840°C has a highest hardness value of 129.4 BHN and gave the lowest impact value of 58.75 j. This study shows a significant decrease in the hardness value as the annealing temperature increased which signifies that annealing temperature enhanced the fatigue property and tensile strength (wear strength) of the steel in study.

关键词： High Strength Low Alloy Steel Microstructure Image j