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Observational analysis and numerical simulation of the interannual variability of the boreal winter Hadley circulation over the recent 30 years

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Science China Earth Sciences 2013年第2期56卷 647-661页

作者： sun yong ZHOU TianJun ZHANG LiXia State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modelling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics (LASG) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Climate Change Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences

The interannual variability of the boreal winter （DJF） Hadley Cell strength during 1979-2008 is investigated using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. The results of AMIP simulation of LASG/IAP AGCM GAMIL2.0 are compared against the re- analysis data. Both the reanalysis data and the simulation show that the interannual variability of the Hadley Cell strength has a non-uniform spatial distribution, as evidenced by the 1st Empirical Orthogonal Function （EOF） mode. The change of Hadley cell strength in the tropics is opposite to that in the subtropical regions. Our analysis indicates that a positive phase of EOF1 is associated with an E1 Nifio-like warmer equatorial central and eastern Pacific and a warmer southern Indian Ocean. Above features are also seen in the results of GAMIL2.0 simulation, indicating that the interannual variability of the Hadley Cell strength is driven by the tropical ocean variability. Our analysis also demonstrates that the contribution of the warmer cen- tral-eastern Pacific to the 1st EOF mode is larger than that of the South Indian Ocean. The SST forcing enhances the local Hadley circulation strength in the central Pacific and Africa （30°S-30°N, 150°E-90°W）, while it weakens the local Hadley circulation in other regions （30°S-30°N, 90°-10°W）. The western Pacific anticyclone remotely driven by the E1 Nifio forcing leads to a weakened local Hadley cell in the Northern Hemisphere, while the South Indian Ocean anticyclone driven by the remote E1 Nifio forcing and the local warmer SST anomalies in the southern Indian Ocean results in a weakened local Hadley Cell in the Southern Hemisphere. The enhancement of the Pacific local Hadley Cell is stronger （weaker） than that of the Atlan- tic, the western Pacific, and the southern Indian Ocean in the tropical （subtropical） part, thus for the zonal mean condition the strength of the total Hadley Cell is stronger （weaker） in the tropical （subtropical） limb. The amplitude of the Hadley Cell change in the Northern

关键词： Hadley circulation interannual variability GAMIL2.0

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CAOSA-extracted lignin improves enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第7期9卷 1101-1111页

作者： Sen Ma Zheng Li Jonathan Sperry Xing Tang yong sun Lu Lin Jian Liu Xianhai Zeng College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesXiamen UniversityXiamen361102China Fujian Engineering and Research Centre of Clean and High-valued Technologies for Biomass Xiamen Key Laboratory of Clean and High-valued Utilization of BiomassXiamen361102China Centre for Green Chemical Science University of AucklandAuckland1142New Zealand

The conversion of biomass into sugar platform compounds is very important for the biorefinery *** is essential to the biomass of the sugar platform,however,the lignin obtained by pretreatment,as a key part of lignocellulose,generally has a passive effect on the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose into *** this study,p-TsOH(p-toluenesulfonic acid),DES(Deep eutectic solvent)and CAOSA(cooking with active oxygen and solid alkali)pretreatment ways were used to fraction lignin from bamboo *** CAOSA treatment,the hydrolysis efficiency of the pulp was 95.57%.Moreover,the effect of different treatment methods on lignin properties was studied and the promotion effect of lignin was investigated by adding it to the cellulose enzymatic hydrolysis *** this work,the results showed that CAOSA-extracted lignin with lower D(1.31-1.25)had a better adsorption effect on the enzyme protein.p-TsOH-extracted lignin with a larger S/G ratio enhanced the inhibition of enzymatic *** addition,the presence of-COOHs in lignin could reduce its inhibitory effect on cellulose saccharification.

关键词： Biomass pretreatment CAOSA Cellulose hydrolysis Lignin Enzyme

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Spatial Equity of Basic Education Resources and Coordinated Regional Development in Xinjiang, China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2023年第3期33卷 441-457页

作者： HAN Tao FAN Jie GUO Rui sun yong CHEN Dong LIU Baoying LIAN Yanan School of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Xinjiang Vocational University Urumqi 830013China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institutes of Science and Development Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Public Administration Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Public services,including education,are important elements that affect people’s living *** spatial equity in education resources is a crucial indicator of China’s coordinated regional development in the new ***,a border area and home to many ethnic minorities,is a relatively underdeveloped region in *** the cross-regional allocation of basic education resources and forming a coordinated regional development is of great significance for achieving the general goal of social stability and long-term peace in *** study adopts a spatial equity analysis framework that incorporates spatial scale,time dimension,factor indicators,and educational *** Gini coefficient is used to examine the variability of spatial equity of educational resources in *** show that the spatial variability of educational resources in Xinjiang increases as the spatial scale becomes *** coefficients of variability at provincial,prefectural,and county levels are 0.207,0.257,and 0.302,*** spatial variability shows an increasing trend before 2010 and decreases significantly after *** terms of elementary indicators,the spatial variability of the number of schools per 10000 people is the largest,with Gini coefficients in the range of *** teacher-student ratio has a Gini coefficient in the range of 0.068-0.174,and class size has a Gini coefficient in the range of *** terms of educational stages,the spatial variability is most prominent in elementary schools,with a coefficient of variation of *** high schools have a coefficient of variation of 0.220-0.260,while junior high schools are the most balanced,with a coefficient of variation *** study also discussed the coupling and coordination relationship between educational resources and regional economic development in *** development plays a facilitating role in promoting balanced education,and the couplin

关键词： coordination elementary coordinated

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Effects of an anisotropic parabolic potential and Coulomb’s impurity potential on the energy characteristics of asymmetrical semi-exponential CsI quantum wells

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2021年第1期73卷 117-121页

作者： Chun-Yu Cai Wei Qiu yong sun Cui-Lan Zhao Jing-Lin Xiao Institute of Condensed Matter Physics Inner Mongolia University for NationalitiesTongliao 028043China

Because of its unique optoelectronic properties,people have studied the characteristics of polarons in various quantum well(QW)*** them,the asymmetrical semiexponential QW(ASEQW)is a new model for studying the structure of QWs in recent *** is of great significance to study the influences of the impurity and anisotropic parabolic confinement potential(APCP)on the crystal’s properties,because some of the impurities,usually regarded as Coulomb’s impurity potential(CIP),will exist in the crystal more or less,and the APCP has flexible adjustment ***,the energy characteristics of the ASEQW under the combined actions of impurities and APCP have not been studied,which is the motivation of this *** the linear combination operation and Lee-Low-Pines unitary transformation methods,we investigate the vibrational frequency and the ground state energy of the strong coupling polaron in an ASEQW with the influences of the CIP at the origin of coordinates and APCP,and make a comparison between our results and previous literature’*** numerical results about the energy properties in the ASEQW influenced by the CIP and APCP may have important significances for experimental design and device preparation.

关键词： asymmetrical semi-exponential quantum well anisotropic parabolic confinement potential vibrational frequency Coulombʼs impurity potential ground state energy

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DESIGN AND EXPERIMENT OF ELECTRIC BUS

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2002年第1期15卷 57-61页

作者： sun Fengchun Chen yong Zhang Chengning sun Liqing School of Vehicle and Transportation Engineering，Beijing Institute of Technology， Beijing 100081，China School of Vehicle and Transportation Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology 北京 100081

Performance and reliability experiments on BJD-6100EV electric buses, jointlydeveloped by Beijing Institute of Technology and Beijing Public Transport Company, are *** power model of battery pack is established and maximum output power is analyzed. A permanentmagnetic direct current (PMDC) motor with enhanced windings is developed for the bus. Torque-speedcharacteristics of the motor are modeled and performance of electric bus is analyzed. Computationalmethod of the range of electric bus is proposed and discussed. Experiments show that electric buscan realize design requirements. Computational methods are verified with the help of field test. Itis expected that design and computation method will provide helpful reference to development ofelectric vehicles.

关键词： Electric bus Storage battery Electric motor Range Performancecharacteristics

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Computed tomography in diagnosing vascular invasion in pancreatic and periampullary cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2009年第5期8卷 457-464页

作者： Zhao, Wen-Yi Luo, Meng sun, yong-Wei Xu, Qing Chen, Wei Zhao, Gang Wu, Zhi-yong Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Sch Med Dept Gen Surg Renji Hosp Shanghai 200127 Peoples R China

BACKGROUND: Preoperative diagnosis of local vascular invasion is very important to the selection of therapeutic protocols and prediction of the prognosis of pancreatic and periampullary cancers. This meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) in diagnosing vascular invasion in patients with pancreatic and periampullary cancers. DATA SOURCES: English-language articles reporting diagnostic accuracy of CT for vascular invasion in pancreatic and periampullary cancers were searched from the MEDLINE and PubMed databases. A meta-analysis was conducted to estimate pooled sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and diagnostic odds ratios. RESULTS: Data were extracted from 18 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of CT in diagnosing vascular invasion were 77% and 81%. Since CT technology improved in different periods, in the recent five years (2004-2008) CT has shown a higher diagnostic accuracy, and the pooled sensitivity and specificity increased to 85% and 82%, respectively. Subgroup analysis of CT studies was made to determine the involvement of different vessels, and the pooled sensitivities for the invasion of the venous system, portal vein, and arterial system were 75%, 75%, and 68%, and the pooled specificities were 84%, 91%, and 92%, respectively. For CT imaging with vascular reconstruction, the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 84% and 85%, higher than the estimates in studies without reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS: Developed CT technology with vascular reconstruction is used as an imaging modality for diagnosing vascular invasion at present. Further combined application of various imaging modalities may improve the accuracy of diagnosis, especially for smaller vessel involvement, such as the superior mesenteric vein or artery, which are difficult to demarcate.

关键词： pancreatic neoplasms diagnosis computed tomography surgery

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Amomum villosum induces longitudinal bone growth in adolescent female rats

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2012年第3期32卷 453-458页

作者： sun Haeng Lee Ji Young Kim Hocheol Kim Seul Ki Park Cho Young Kim sun yong Chung Gyu Tae Chang Department of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gang-dong892 Dongnam-roGangdong-guSeoul 134-727Republic of Korea Department of Herbal Pharmacology College of Korean MedicineKyung Hee University26 Kyungheedae-roDongdaemoon-guSeoul 130-701Republic of Korea Department of Neuropsychiatry of Korean Medicine Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gang-dong892 Dongnam-roGangdong-guSeoul 134727Republic of Korea

OBJECTIVE:This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Amomum villosum on longitudinal bone ***:Adolescent female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups and treated for 4 days:control(distilled water,p.o.),recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH;100 μg/kg,s.c.),and ***(500 mg/kg,p.o.) *** day 3,tetracycline(20 g/kg,i.p.) was injected for growth plate *** days 2,3 and 4,5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine(BrdU)(50 mg/kg,i.p.) was injected to label proliferating *** day 5,tibias were dissected and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde,dehydrated,and sectioned for immunohistochemistry and ***:The rate of bone growth in the *** and rhGH groups increased to(410 ± 44) and(389 ± 46) μm/day(P<0.01),respectively,as compared with the control(330.7 ± 34.7) μm/*** thickness of the growth plates also increased to(591 ± 37) and(598 ± 32) μm,respectively,as compared with the control(524± 89) μm(P<0.001).The number of BrdU-positive cells in the chondrocytes of the *** and rhGH groups was also significantly higher(126±24) and(143±18) cells/mm 2,respectively) than in the control(109 ± 25) mm 2(P<0.05).Insulin-like growth factor-1 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 in the *** and rhGH groups were highly expressed in the growth plate as compared with the control samples,indicating increased bone ***:*** could be used to treat growth retardation during adolescence.

关键词： Amomum villosum Growth plate Bone Development Recombinant human growth hormone

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Asymptomatic patients and asymptomatic phases of Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19): a population-based surveillance study

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National Science Review 2020年第10期7卷 1527-1539页

作者： Xueying Zheng Sihui Luo yong sun Mingfeng Han Jian Liu Liangye sun Liangming Zhang Ping Ling Yu Ding Tengchuan Jin Zhirong Liu Jianping Weng The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Science and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Key Laboratory for Medical and Health of the 13th Five-Year Plan Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Fuyang No.2 People's Hospital Anqing Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University (Anqing Municipal Hospital) Lu'an People's Hospital Department of Infectious Disease the First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Science and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Division of Life Science and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China

In this population-based study, we identified 307 confirmed COVID-19 cases from massive surveillance,including 129 551 individuals screened at fever clinics or returning from Hubei and 3710 close contacts of confirmed COVID-19 patients. Among them, 17 patients were asymptomatic at initial clinical *** asymptomatic patients on admission accounted for a small proportion of all patients(5.54%) with relatively weak transmissibility, and the detection rate was 0.35 per 100 close contacts. Moreover, the dynamics of symptoms of the 307 patients showed that the interval from symptom remission to the final negativity of viral nucleic acid was 5.0 days(interquartile range 2.0 to 11.0 days), with 14 patients(4.56%)having re-detectable viral RNA after discharge. Overall, our findings suggested asymptomatic carriers and presymptomatic patients only accounted for a small proportion of COVID-19 patients. Also, the asymptomatic phase during recovery from COVID-19 implied that negativity in viral RNA is necessary as a de-isolation criterion and follow-up is recommended.

关键词： epidemiology public health surveillance asymptomatic COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2

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Evidence for glaciation predating MIS-6 in the eastern Nyainqêntanglha Range, southeastern Tibet

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第4期64卷 559-570页

作者： Shangzhe ZHOU Jinming XIE Xianjiao OU Liubing XU yong sun Xuezhen ZENG Xiaoxia WEN Renrong CHEN Hong YANG Xianmei HUANG Yazhong ZHOU Jinjin sun Department of Geography Science South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Geography and Tourism Jiaying UniversityMeizhou 514015China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Southeastern Tibet is one of the most glaciated regions on the Tibetan Plateau both at present and during the Quaternary. Numerical dating of glacial deposits has allowed the establishment of a provisional chronology of Quaternary glacial fluctuations in this region, with the oldest glaciation(Guxiang Glaciation) occurring in marine oxygen isotope stage 6(MIS-6).During our recent field investigations, a morphostratigraphically older lateral moraine than that of the Guxiang Glaciation has been first identified, which is ~500–600 m above the Guxiang Glaciation moraine and discontinuously preserved on valley shoulders in the Bodui Zangbo River valley, eastern Nyainqêntanglha Range in southeastern Tibet. Considering the moraine is best preserved at Nitong Village, here we name the glacier advance which deposited the moraine as "Nitong Glaciation". Using electron spin resonance(ESR) technique, we dated the Nitong Glaciation moraine to 506.3±60.4 ka. Taking into account the age error and climatic conditions, we consider it most likely that the Nitong Glaciation occurred during MIS-12, although it might had happened sometime earlier.

关键词： Southeastern Tibet MIS-12 Glaciation ESR dating Quaternary Glaciation

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Helicobacter pylori infection is not associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第8期22卷 2592-2600页

作者： Myong Ki Baeg Seung Kew Yoon sun-Hye Ko yong-sun Noh In-Seok Lee Myung-Gyu Choi Department of Internal Medicine The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine

AIM: To determine whether Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection confers a higher risk of Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).METHODS: Healthy people who underwent health screening were analyzed retrospectively. Inclusion criteria were age ≥ 20 years, history of H. pylori infection, and recorded insulin level. Participants were classified as H. pylori positive or negative according to 13C urea breath tests. NAFLD was defined using the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and NAFLD liver fat score (NAFLD-LFS). Those with an HSI > 36 or NAFLD-LFS > -0.640 were considered to have NAFLD. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for ***: Three thousand six hundred and sixty-three people were analyzed and 1636 (44.7%) were H. pylori positive. H. pylori infection was associated with older age, male gender, hypertension, higher body mass index, and a dyslipidemic profile. HSI differed significantly between H. pylori positive and negative subjects (median 33.2, interquartile range (IQR) 30.0-36.2 for H. pylori-positive vs median 32.6, IQR 29.8-36.0 for negative participants, P = 0.005), but NAFLD-LSF did not [median -1.7, IQR -2.4 - -0.7 vs median -1.8, IQR -2.4-(-0.7), respectively, P = 0.122]. The percentage of people with NAFLD did not differ between infected and uninfected groups: HIS, 26.9% vs 27.1%, P = 0.173; NAFLD-LFS, 23.5% vs 23.1%, P = 0.778. H. pylori infection was not a risk factor, but C-reactive protein concentration and smoking were significant risk factors for ***: H. pylori infection is not a risk factor for NAFLD as indicated by HSI or NAFLD-LFS. Prospective, large-scale studies involving liver biopsies should be considered.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Hepatic steatosis index Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease liver fat score Urea breath test

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