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New perspectives on deep carbon cycling

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2411-2422页

作者： Weidong sun Center of Deep Sea Research Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and ForecastingInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The proto-atmosphere serves as a crucial starting point for the carbon *** based on atmospheric data from Mars and Venus suggest that Earth's proto-atmosphere contained>110 bar of CO_(2)and>2.6 bar of *** protoatmosphere had over 1000 bar of water vapor during the magma ocean stage,assuming the proto-ocean had a volume of two oceans of *** this stage both water and carbon dioxide were in a supercritical state at the magma-atmosphere *** serpentinization reactions occurred due to rock-water interaction,producing abundant ***,nitrogen is reduced to ammonia,and carbon dioxide to methane,forming carbonate *** proto-atmosphere dominated by methane,ammonia,and hydrogen formed a significant amount of amino acids through *** process is essential not only to the origin of life,but also to the early carbon-nitrogen cycle on *** the Hadean eon,a large amount of CO_(2)was sequestered as carbonate and organic ***,it mainly entered the deep mantle through mantle overturn or *** the mantle transition zone,carbonate undergoes“Redox freezing”,where carbonate is reduced to diamond through oxidation of ferrous iron in the *** the lower mantle,Fe^(2+)undergoes disproportionation reactions,forming Fe^(3+)and metallic *** these,Fe^(3+)mainly resides in bridgmanite,thereby increasing the oxygen fugacity of the lower mantle,while metallic iron falls to the Earth's *** distribution of carbon in the mantle is crucial for deep carbon *** density curves of diamond and mantle peridotite melt intersect at the bottom of the mantle transition zone(about 660 km).This density crossover leads to the accumulation of diamond during the magma ocean *** materials such as subducting slabs enter the lower mantle,compensatory upwelling of lower mantle material *** enters the upper mantle,decomposes,releasing Fe^(3+)ions and oxidizes diamond

关键词： Carbon cycling Proto-atmosphere Amino acids Subduction initiation Passive margin subduction Atmospheric carbon dioxide

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New Hepatoprotective Isoflavone Glucosides from Pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi

New Hepatoprotective Isoflavone Glucosides from Pueraria lob...

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中国化学会第十二届全国天然有机化学学术会议

作者： yingjie sun Hongmin Zhang Ming Cheng Shijie Cao Miao Qiao Boli Zhang Liqin Ding Feng Qiu Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine School of Chinese Materia Medica Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Puerariae Radix,the root of Pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi,is a very important traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) with edible and pharmaceutic *** has been traditionally used for treating various diseases such as wind heat disease,head and neck pain,diabetes,alcohol poisoning,cardiovascular and other *** chemical investigations of pueraria species showed that isoflavonoids(aglycones,C-glycosides,O-glycosides) are characteristic constituents of pueraria *** the quality-marker of Pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi,puerarin exhibits potent hepatoprotective effect which has been confirmed from cell culture *** our current research,to seek ingredients possessing potential hepatoprotective activities,two new isoflavone glycoside derivatives(1,2) together with nine known compounds(3-11) were obtained from the water extract of the root of Pueraria lobata(Willd.) *** the basis of chemical evidences and spectral analyses(UV,ECD,IR,ID and 2 D-NMR,HRMS),the structures of these compounds were elucidated as 8-C-α-glucofuranosyl-7,4’-dihydroxy-3’-methoxyisoflavone(1),8-C-β-glucofuranosyl-7,4’-dihydroxy-3’-methoxyisoflavone(2),puerarin(3),neopuerarin A(4),neopuerarin B(5),daidzin(6),daidzein(7),3’-methoxypuerarin(8),puerarin xyloside(9),mirificin(10),3’-hydroxypuerarin(11).Furthermore,all these isoflavones were investigated the hepatoprotective activities on HepG2 cells.10 μM tested compounds did not show obvious cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells and shows significant hepatoprotective activities against D-galactosamine-induced toxicity in HepG2 *** results indicated that isoflavonoids(aglycones,C-glycosides,O-glycosides) exhibited hepatoprotective activities.

关键词： Pueraria lobata(Willd.) Ohwi Isoflavone glucosides Hepatoprotective activity

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INewcastle disease virus infection induces activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome

INewcastle disease virus infection induces activation of the...

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中国畜牧兽医学会生物技术学分会暨中国免疫学会兽医免疫分会第十二次学术研讨会

作者：王玢瑸 JieZhu DandanLi YangWang YuanZhan LeiTan XushcngQiu yingjie sun CuipingSong ChunchunMeng LiaoYing MaoXiang GuangxunMeng 丁铲中国农业科学院上海兽医研究所 College of Veterinary Medicine Northwest A&F University Unit of Innate Immunity Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & ImmunologyInstitul Pasteur of ShanghaiShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences

Inflammatory responses are important aspects of the innate immune system during virus *** found that Newcastle disease virus can induce inflammasome aclivalion in the human macrophage-like cell line *** replication was required for iiiflammasome activation,and small hairpin HNA knockdown expei’inienls indicated that IL-1βsecretion was me-

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企业家精神与全要素生产率提升研究——基于省级面板数据的实证分析

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中国科技论坛 2019年第1期 152-160页

作者：孙英杰林春刘融冰辽宁大学经济学院辽宁沈阳110036 辽宁大学商学院辽宁沈阳110036

本文通过理论模型论证了企业家精神对全要素生产率提升的积极影响,运用2005—2015年的省级面板数据,采用系统GMM方法进一步检验了企业家精神对全要素生产率提升的影响。结果表明:(1)企业家精神对全要素生产率提升及其技术效率改善和技... 详细信息

本文通过理论模型论证了企业家精神对全要素生产率提升的积极影响,运用2005—2015年的省级面板数据,采用系统GMM方法进一步检验了企业家精神对全要素生产率提升的影响。结果表明:(1)企业家精神对全要素生产率提升及其技术效率改善和技术进步提高均存在显著的促进作用,其对技术进步提高的促进作用较大;(2)企业家精神对全要素生产率提升的促进作用存在地区差异,对中部的促进作用最大,西部次之,东部最小。由此可见,企业家精神在促进全要素生产率提升中发挥着不可替代的作用,同时相应的政策引导和报酬激励也是不可或缺的。

关键词：企业家精神创新创业全要素生产率

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Fossil Equidae in the Linxia Basin with Biostratigraphic and Paleozoogeographic Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第1期98卷 1-9页

作者： sun Boyang Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China

The Linxia Basin is characterized by an abundance of Cenozoic sediments,that contain exceptionally rich fossil *** are abundant in the Linxia Basin,the fossil record of equids in this region including 16 species that represent 10 *** comparison to other classic late Cenozoic areas in China,the Linxia Basin stands out,because the fauna and chronological data accompanying Linxia equids render them remarkably useful for *** anchitheriines in the region,such as Anchitherium and Sinohippus,represent early equids that appeared in the late stages of the middle and late Miocene,*** the equines,most species of Chinese hipparions have been identified in the Linxia Basin and some species of the genera Hipparion and Hippotherium have FAD records for ***,Equus eisenmannae is one of the earliest known species of Equus in the Old World and is well-represented at the Longdan *** species with precise geohistorical distributions can serve as standards for high-resolution chronological units within this *** at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and subject to considerable uplift,the Linxia Basin has served as a biogeographic transition area for equids throughout the late Cenozoic.

关键词： Equidae Cenozoic biostratigraphy paleozoogeography Linxia Basin

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Achieving simultaneously high conversion and high selectivity for light olefins directly producing from syngas

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 753-754页

作者： Yuhan sun Shanxi Research Institute Huairou Research LaboratoryTaiyuan 030032China Institute of Carbon Neutrality ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

The activity and selectivity are two primary indexes of a successful catalyst for chemical reactions. However,achieving a high activity and a high selectivity simultaneously is a long-standing challenge in catalysis, the socalled activity-selectivity trade-off. In the article recently published in Science, a research team led by Prof.

关键词： selectivity simultaneous catalysis

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ONE-PARAMETER FINITE DIFFERENCE METHODS AND THEIR ACCELERATED SCHEMES FOR SPACE-FRACTIONAL SINE-GORDON EQUATIONS WITH DISTRIBUTED DELAY

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第3期42卷 705-734页

作者： Tao sun Chengjian Zhang Haiwei sun School of Mathematics and Statistics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Modeling and Scientific Computing Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Mathematics University of MacaoMacaoChina

This paper deals with numerical methods for solving one-dimensional(1D)and twodimensional(2D)initial-boundary value problems(IBVPs)of space-fractional sine-Gordon equations(SGEs)with distributed *** 1D problems,we construct a kind of oneparameter finite difference(OPFD)*** is shown that,under a suitable condition,the proposed method is convergent with second order accuracy both in time and *** implementation,the preconditioned conjugate gradient(PCG)method with the Strang circulant preconditioner is carried out to improve the computational efficiency of the OPFD *** 2D problems,we develop another kind of OPFD *** such a method,two classes of accelerated schemes are suggested,one is alternative direction implicit(ADI)scheme and the other is ADI-PCG *** particular,we prove that ADI scheme can arrive at second-order accuracy in time and *** some numerical experiments,the computational effectiveness and accuracy of the methods are further ***,for the suggested methods,a numerical comparison in computational efficiency is presented.

关键词： Fractional sine-Gordon equation with distributed delay One-parameter finite difference methods Convergence analysis ADI scheme PCG method

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Introducing sulfur to nickel-iron selenide for high-efficiency alkaline seawater electrolysis

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2747-2754页

作者： Xuanwa Chen Yanhui Yu Xingqi Han Huan Wang yingjie Hua Daoxiong Wu Peilin Deng Juanxiu Xiao Xinlong Tian Jing Li School of Marine Science and Engineering Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage and Energy Conversion of Hainan Province School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHainan Normal UniversityHaikou 571158China

Seawater electrolysis is an effective way to obtain hydrogen(H_(2))in a sustainable ***,the lack of electrocatalysts with high activity,stability,and selectivity for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)severely hinders the development of seawater electrolysis ***,sulfur-doped nickel-iron selenide nanosheets(S-NiFeSe_(2))were prepared by an ion-exchange strategy and served as highly active OER electrocatalyst for alkaline seawater *** overpotential is 367 m V,and it can run stably for over 50 h at 100 m A cm^(-2).Excitingly,the S-NiFeSe_(2)||Pt/C pair exhibits cell voltage of 1.54 V at 10 m A cm^(-2)under alkaline seawater conditions,which can run smoothly for 100 h without decay,and the efficiency of electricity-tohydrogen(ETH)energy conversion reaches more than 80%.Such electrode,with abundant accessible reactive sites and good corrosion resistance,is a good candidate for seawater ***,density functional theory calculations reveal that the surface sulfur atoms can activate the adjacent Ni sites and decrease the free energy changes of the associated intermediates at the adjacent Ni sites for OER,and the step of~*OH→~*O is the potential rate-limiting *** this work,the true reactive site in nickel-iron selenides is the Ni sites,but not the Fe sites as commonly believed.

关键词： S-doping nickel-iron selenide electrocatalysts oxygen evolution reaction alkaline seawater electrolysis

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Dominant woody plant species recognition with a hierarchical model based on multimodal geospatial data for subtropical forests

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 111-130页

作者： Xin Chen Yujun sun State Forestry&Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources&Environmental Management Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People's Republic of China

Since the launch of the Google Earth Engine(GEE)cloud platform in 2010,it has been widely used,leading to a wealth of valuable ***,the potential of GEE for forest resource management has not been fully *** extract dominant woody plant species,GEE combined Sen-tinel-1(S1)and Sentinel-2(S2)data with the addition of the National Forest Resources Inventory(NFRI)and topographic data,resulting in a 10 m resolution multimodal geospatial dataset for subtropical forests in southeast *** and texture features,red-edge bands,and vegetation indices of S1 and S2 data were computed.A hierarchical model obtained information on forest distribution and area and the dominant woody plant *** results suggest that combining data sources from the S1 winter and S2 yearly ranges enhances accuracy in forest distribution and area extraction compared to using either data source ***,for dominant woody species recognition,using S1 winter and S2 data across all four seasons was *** terrain factors and removing spatial correlation from NFRI sample points further improved the recognition *** optimal forest extraction achieved an overall accuracy(OA)of 97.4%and a maplevel image classification efficacy(MICE)of 96.7%.OA and MICE were 83.6%and 80.7%for dominant species extraction,*** high accuracy and efficacy values indicate that the hierarchical recognition model based on multimodal remote sensing data performed extremely well for extracting information about dominant woody plant *** the results using the GEE application allows for an intuitive display of forest and species distribution,offering significant convenience for forest resource monitoring.

关键词： Google Earth Engine Sentinel Forest resource inventory data Dominant woody plant species Subtropics Model performance

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Whole-exome sequencing identified novel DNAH5 homozygous variants in two consanguineous families with primary ciliary dyskinesia

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 2024年第1期137卷 115-116页

作者： Yang Binyi Lei Cheng Xu yingjie Yang Danhui Lu Chenyang Liu Ying Guo Ting Luo Hong Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine The Second Xiangya Hospital 3. Central South University 4. Changsha 5. Hunan 410011 6. China

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disease characterized by dysfunction of the motile cilia. DNAH5, the most frequently mutated gene in PCD, encodes a heavy chain of the ciliary outer dynein arms (ODAs). Herein, we report two patients with Kartagener syndrome (sinusitis, bronchiectasis, and situs inversus) in two consanguineous families carrying two novel homozygous DNAH5 variants [Supplementary Figures 1A and 1B, http://***/CM9/B598].

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