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Synergistic nano-tribological interaction between zinc dialkyldithiophosphate(ZDDP)and methyl oleate for biodiesel-fueled engines

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Friction 2021年第3期9卷 612-626页

作者： Siti Hartini HAMDAN Chiew Tin LEE Mei Bao LEE William Woei Fong CHONG Cheng Tung CHONG suhaila mohd sanip Bio-Engineering Technology Department University Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Institute of Chemical&Bioengineering Technology(UniKL MICET)Alor Gajah 78000Malaysia School of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM)Johor Bahru 81310Malaysia Automotive Development Centre(ADC) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM)Johor Bahru 81310Malaysia China-UK Low Carbon College Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 201306China Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of Southampton Malaysia(UoSM)Iskandar Puteri 79200Malaysia

In biodiesel-fueled compression-ignition(CI)engines,dilution by unburned biodiesel has been found to have adverse effects on the boundary lubrication properties of additives in fully formulated engine *** dilution of engine lubricants could be even more pronounced for CI engines running on higher blend concentrations of *** the nanoscopic nature of the interaction,this study seeks to determine the nano-tribological properties of an engine lubricant additive(e.g.,zinc dialkyldithiophosphate(ZDDP))when diluted with a fatty acid methyl ester(e.g.,methyl oleate).Using lateral force microscopy(LFM)together with a fluid imaging technique,the lowest nanoscopic friction forces and coefficient of friction values(0.068-0.085)were measured for ZDDP when diluted with 70 vol%of methyl *** values are also observed to be lower than those measured for neat ZDDP and neat methyl oleate,respectively,under similar ***,interpreting the data with the Eyring thermal activation energy approach,it could then be elucidated that the lower frictional losses observed for the contact lubricated with this volumetric mixture are a result of the lower potential energy barrier and activation energy required to initiate *** energy values are approximated to be 2.6%and 28.9%(respectively)lower than that of the contact lubricated with neat *** was also found that the mixture,at this volumetric concentration,possesses the highest possible pressure activation energy(load-carrying capacity)along with the lowest possible shear activation energy(shearing),potentially indicating optimum tribological conditions for boundary ***,the findings of this study suggest that an optimum concentration threshold exists in which a synergistic nano-tribological interaction between additives and fatty acid methyl esters can be attained,potentially reducing boundary frictional losses of lubricated *** findings could prove to be ess

关键词： boundary lubrication lateral force microscopy thermal activation energy methyl ester boundary additives

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Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata(Insecta)Diversity and Distribution at Bukit Merah Resevoir River Feeders

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湿地科学 2016年第3期14卷 328-336页

作者： suhaila Ab Hamid Nurhalida Hanapi mohd Fakhrullah Salatssalam mohd Afendi Amir Shahruddin mohd Sah School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia

A study on the distribution of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata in relation of environmental interruptions was done at three different rivers tributaries of Bukit Merah Reservoir, Perak namely Sungai Jelai, Sungai Ara, and Sungai Kurau from October 2013 to January 2014. A total of 1 942 individuals were collected during the 4month of the study. The number of Ephemeroptera was highest, which was found at Sungai Jelai and Sungai Kurau and dominated by Baetis from family Baetidae while at Sungai Kurau dominated by Trichoptera, Hydropsyche from family Hydropsychidae. Ecological and biological indices have been used to evaluate the diversity of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata at each river. The highest Simpson's diversity index(D=0.893) and Pielou's evenness index(E=0.803) were recorded at Sungai Jelai while Sungai Ara had the highest value of Margalef's richness index(MgR I=5.698). The variance for the assemblages of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata influenced by9 chemical and physical variables was really a satisfactory with total variance explained of 57.2%. The results of canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) model showed that two groups of insects taxa characterized by water *** first group from the CCA analysis clustered the Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata genera showed that deterioration in dissolved oxygen concentration, pH and nitrate while the second group showed dependence on total dissolved solids(TDS), conductivity, total suspended solid(TSS) and velocity. The study showed that the distribution of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Odonata taxa was affected by the environmental interruptions such as human residential area, agricultural plantation and river embankment.

关键词： aquatic insect diversity distribution environmental interruptions

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Molecular epidemiology of piliated pneumococcal isolates at a major tertiary hospital in the Klang Valley,Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第2期16卷 80-88页

作者： Nurul Diana Dzaraly mohd Nasir mohd Desa AbdulRahman Muthanna Siti Norbaya Masri Niazlin mohd Taib Nurul Hana Zainal Baharin Nurshahira Sulaiman Nurul Asyikin Abdul Rahman Navindra Kumari Palanisamy Zarizal Suhaili Semiat Opeyemi Yusuff Nor Iza A.Rahman Tuan suhaila Tuan Soh Fatimah Haslina Abdullah Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaUPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaUPM SerdangSelangorMalaysia School of Biology Faculty of Applied SciencesUniversiti Teknologi MARA Negeri SembilanKuala Pilah BranchKuala PilahNegeri SembilanMalaysia Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Teknologi MARASungai Buloh CampusJalan HospitalSungai BulohSelangorMalaysia School of Animal Science Aquatic Science and EnvironmentFaculty of Bioresources and Food IndustryUniversiti Sultan Zainal AbidinBesut CampusBesutTerengganuMalaysia Faculty of Medicine Universiti Sultan Zainal AbidinJalan Sultan MahmudKuala TerengganuTerengganuMalaysia Department of Pathology Sungai Buloh HospitalJalan HospitalSungai BulohSelangorMalaysia Department of Pathology Sultanah Nur Zahirah HospitalJalan Sultan MahmudKuala TerengganuTerengganuMalaysia

Objective:To characterise a collection of pili-carrying and none pili-carrying pneumococcal isolates of clinical origin for serotypes,antibiotic resistance and ***:In total,42 clinical isolates were collected between October 2017 and December *** isolates were analysed for antimicrobial susceptibility,serotype distribution,detection of pneumococcal virulence and pilus *** sequence typing was performed only for piliated isolates,followed by phylogenetic ***:The common isolation sites among the pneumococcal isolates were tracheal aspirate(28.6%),blood(26.2%),and sputum(23.8%).Fifty percent isolates were resistant to erythromycin,tetracycline(50.0%)and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(43.0%).The most frequent were serotypes 19F(28.6%),6A/B(23.8%)and 19A(14.3%).Piliated isolates were detected in a small proportion(33.3%);64.3%were ***320 was the prevalent sequence type among the piliated isolates and genetically related to the Pneumococcal Molecular Epidemiology Network clones Taiwan19F-14(CC271).In the phylogenetic analysis,some piliated isolates showed a close association having similar ST320,carrying serotype 19A and both pilus genes indicating their clonal ***:Pneumococcal lineages of piliated isolates have been globally disseminated and pili could have played a role in the spread of antibiotic resistant clones.

关键词： Pneumococci Pili Genotype Malaysia

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Survey on Clustering Techniques for Image Categorization Dataset

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2022年第6期10卷 177-185页

作者： mohd Afizi mohd Shukran mohd Sidek Fadhil mohd Yunus Muhammad Naim Abdullah mohd Rizal mohd Isa Mohammad Adib Khairuddin Kamaruzaman Maskat suhaila Ismail Abdul Samad Shibghatullah Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia University Malaysia of Computer Science & Engineering (UNIMY) Cyberjaya Malaysia UCSI University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Content Based Image Retrieval, CBIR, performed an automated classification task for a queried image. It could relieve a user from the laborious and time-consuming metadata assigning for an image while working on massive image collection. For an image, user’s definition or description is subjective where it could belong to different categories as defined by different users. Human based categorization and computer-based categorization might produce different results due to different categorization criteria that rely on dataset structure and the clustering techniques. This paper is aimed to exhibit an idea for planning the dataset structure and choosing the clustering algorithm for CBIR implementation. There are 5 sections arranged in this paper;CBIR and QBE concepts are introduced in Section 1, related image categorization research is listed in Section 2, the 5 type of image clustering are described in Section 3, comparative analysis in Section 4, and Section 5 conclude this study. Outcome of this paper will be benefiting CBIR developer for various applications.

关键词： Categorization CBIR Classifications Clustering Dataset

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Seasonal Changes in Mayfly Communities and Abundance in Relation to Water Physicochemistry in Two Rivers at Different Elevations in Northern Peninsular Malaysia

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湿地科学 2011年第3期9卷 240-250页

作者： suhaila Abdul Hamid mohd Ravi Che Salmah Hamady Dieng Abu Hassan Ahmad Tomomitsu Satho Fumio Miake School of Biological Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University

A field study was performed at rivers in Gunung Jerai forest reserve(Kedah,Malaysia) to assess seasonal changes in mayfly community structure and abundance in relation to altitude and water *** at lower(Batu Hampar River) and higher(Teroi River) elevations were visited through dry and wet seasons in September 2007 to August *** visits were made to 20 sites on each river,and water and aquatic insects were sampled using D-pond aquatic *** was warmer,more acid,and more turbid in Teroi River during wet *** was the only nutrient exhibiting significant seasonal variations(greater during wet season).Chemical oxygen demand content was higher in Teroi River where biochemical oxygen demand content was low during wet *** richness was higher in Batu Hampar River,but displayed seasonal variations only in Teroi *** the eight families encountered,Baetidae was the *** abundance was usually high during wet season,and those belonging to the dominant genus(Baetis) were more abundant in Teroi *** was the second commonest family;its predominant genus,Thalerospyrus was more abundant in Teroi River during dry ***,Leptophlebiidae and Oligoneuriidae were only found in Batu Hampar River where their abundances peaked during dry season,i.e.,Habrophlebiodes *** Isonychia *** and Teloganodidae occurred only in Teroi River,with the first found only during dry *** were recorded under very distinct physicochemical conditions,illustrating their potential usefulness for assessing water ***,leptophlebids,oligoneurids ephemerellids and teloganodids seem to be particularly sensitive to temperature,acidity,turbidity,chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand,parameters that varied with river altitude.

关键词： river ephemeroptera abundance altitude season physicochemistry

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Survey on Clustering Techniques for Image Categorization Dataset

Survey on Clustering Techniques for Image Categorization Dat...

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Content Based Image Retrieval,CBIR,performed an automated classification task for a queried *** could relieve a user from the laborious and timeconsuming metadata assigning for an image while working on massive image *** an image,user’s definition or description is subjective where it could belong to different categories as defined by different *** based categorization and computer-based categorization might produce different results due to different categorization criteria that rely on dataset structure and the clustering *** paper is aimed to exhibit an idea for planning the dataset structure and choosing the clustering algorithm for CBIR *** are 5 sections arranged in this paper;CBIR and QBE concepts are introduced in Section 1,related image categorization research is listed in Section 2,the 5 type of image clustering are described in Section 3,comparative analysis in Section 4,and Section 5 conclude this *** of this paper will be benefiting CBIR developer for various applications.

关键词： Categorization CBIR Classifications Clustering Dataset

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A controlled, efficient and robust process for the synthesis of an epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor: Afatinib Dimaleate

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Chemical Reports 2019年第1期1卷 3-12页

作者： Pawan Kumar Premnath Dhande Muhammad Taufiq F. Mazlee suhaila M. Yaman Nurul Syazwani Nadirah Binti Muhammad Syafiq Chandran mohd Zulfadli Bin Makhtar Dhramveer Singh Shekhawat Sunil Vasudeorao Lanke Ramesh Kumar Sandeep Mhetre Oncogen Pharma Sdn Bhd No.3 Jalan Jururancang U1/21 Hicom Glenmarie Industrial Park 40150 Shah Alam Selangor Malaysia.

A simple, controlled, robust and scalable three-stage manufacturing process of Afatinib Dimaleate was assessed and optimized leading to improved yield and quality. The synthetic process involves sequence of reactions as nitro-reduction, amidation and salification. The developed and optimized route was demonstrated on 300 g scale with over all isolated yield of 84% for Afatinib free base. The developed process has the capability to control not only the process related impurities but also the degradation impurities. One new impurity was identified during the process development studies and characterized as acetamide impunity, chemically known as (S)-N-(4-((3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl) amino)-7-((tetrahydrofuran-3-yl) oxy) quinazolin-6-yl) acetamide. Other impurities were identified as degradation impurities, Process impurities and were labeled as 1-(4-((3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl) amino)-7-(((S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl) oxy) quinazoline-6-yl)-5-Hydroxypyrrolidin- 2-one (hydroxy impurity), Afatinib N-Oxide impurity and N4-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-7-[[(3S)-tetrahydro- 3-furanyl] oxy]-4,6-quinazolinediamine (Intermediate-1).

关键词： Afatinib Dimaleate HPLC degradation impurities NMR LC-MS new process impurity improved process

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