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What is the best strategy for successful bowel preparation under special conditions?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第11期20卷 2741-2745页

作者： Yun Jeong lim su Jin Hong Department of Internal Medicine College of MedicineDongguk UniversityGyeonggi-Do 410-773South Korea Digestive Disease Center and Research Institute Department of Internal MedicineSoonchunhyang University College of MedicineBucheonGyeonggi-Do 420-767South Korea

Adequate bowel preparation is important for successful colonoscopic examination. Several effective colonic cleansing agents are available and routinely prescribed, but each carries its own limitations and benefits from particular dosing regimens. The most frequently prescribed colonic cleansing agent, the polyethylene glycol (PEG) cathartic solution, suffers from low patient compliance in general, due to its unpalatable taste and smell coupled with the large ingested volumes required. However, PEG is preferred over other cathartics for use in individuals of advanced age, sufferers of chronic kidney disease, heart failure and inflammatory bowel disease, and women who are pregnant or lactating. The laxative agents sodium phosphate (NaP) and sodium picosulfate plus magnesium citrate have been applied and have improved patient compliance and tolerance. NaP, however, should be avoided in individuals with impaired renal function or plasma clearance, such as those with chronic kidney disease, who are taking drugs that affect renal function, or who suffer from heart failure. Other special conditions that may affect an individual’s tolerance of the cathartic agent or ability to complete the administration routine include stroke, severe constipation, hematochezia, suspicious lower gastrointestinal bleeding, and mental disorders such as dementia. All ingestible bowel preparation solutions can be instilled into the stomach and duodenum through nasogastric tube or esophagogastroduodenoscope with the aid of a water irrigation pump for patients with difficulties swallowing or ingesting the large volumes of fluid required. In addition, dietary regimens based on clear liquids and low-residue foods for 1-4 d prior to the colonoscopy may be supplemental bowel preparation strategies. Achieving an effective and safe cleansing of the bowel is important for successful colonoscopy in all patients, so full knowledge of the individual’s condition and capabilities is necessary

关键词： Colonoscopy Preparation Polyethylene glycols Special conditions Cathartic agent

High plasticity mechanism of high strain rate rolled Mg-Ga alloy sheets

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第6期101卷 187-198页

作者： Wensen Huang Jihua Chen Hongge Yan Weijun Xia bin su School of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Spray Deposition Technology&Application Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

By observing the microstructure evolution of Mg-Ga alloy during tensile deformation, it is found that the prismatic slip and the pyramidal slip occur during the tensile process at room temperature, which finally leads to the plenty of dislocation accumulation. After 8% tensile deformation,the {1012} extension twin is the main way to coordinate the strain in the c-axis direction for the alloy with the Ga content lower than 2 wt.%, but the pyramidal slip is the main way to coordinate the strain along the c-axis direction for the alloy with the Ga content higher than 2 wt.%. The Ga addition can promote the activation of the non-basal slip, which is beneficial to the work-hardening of the alloy to achieve better plasticity. Dynamic precipitation can slightly reduce the increment of *** preparation method of high strain rate rolling(HSRR) is another important reason for the plasticity of magnesium alloy sheets, and it is an important embodiment of the application of the dislocation engineering concept in magnesium alloy. The non-basal dislocations derived from the HSRR deformation can provide the non-basal dislocation sources when magnesium alloy is deformed at room temperature,resulting in good ductility. This study can be used as a reference for preparing wrought magnesium alloy with high strength and high plasticity by Ga alloying and hot deformation.

关键词： High plasticity High strain rate rolling Mg-Ga Dislocation engineering

Convolution without multiplication:A general speed up strategy for CNNs

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2021年第12期64卷 2627-2639页

作者： CAI GuoRong YANG ShengMing DU Jing WANG ZongYue HUANG bin GUAN Yin su SongJian su JinHe su SongZhi College of Computer Engineering Jimei UniversityXiamen 361021China Department of Artificial Intelligence Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Laboratory of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence NetDragon Websoft Inc.Fuzhou 350001China College of Computer and Control Engineering Minjiang UniversityFuzhou 350108China The Third Research Institute RopeokInc.Xiamen 361008China

Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)have achieved great success in many computer vision ***,it is difficult to deploy CNN models on low-cost devices with limited power budgets,because most existing CNN models are computationally ***,CNN model compression and acceleration have become a hot research topic in the deep learning *** schemes for speeding up the feed-forward process with a slight accuracy loss include parameter pruning and sharing,low-rank factorization,compact convolutional filters and knowledge *** this study,we propose a general acceleration scheme that replaces the floating-point multiplication with integer *** this end,we propose a general accelerate scheme,where the floating point multiplication is replaced by integer *** motivation is based on the fact that every floating point can be replaced by the summation of an exponential ***,the multiplication between two floating points can be converted to the addition among *** the experiment section,we directly apply the proposed scheme to AlexNet,VGG,ResNet for image classification,and Faster-RCNN for object *** results acquired from ImageNet and PASCAL VOC show that the proposed quantized scheme has a promising performance,even with only one item of ***,we analyzed the eciency of our method on mainstream *** experimental results show that the proposed quantized scheme can achieve acceleration on FPGA with a slight accuracy loss.

关键词： deep learning convolutional neural network network quantization network speed up

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Shape-controlled Pt nanocubes directly grown on carbon supports and their electrocatalytic activity toward methanol oxidation

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Science Bulletin 2017年第13期62卷 943-949页

作者： Hee Jin Kim Bibi Ruqia Mi sung Kang su bin.lim Ran Choi Ki Min Nam Won Seok Seo Gaehang Lee Sang-Il Choi Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center Kyungpook National University Department of Chemistry KAIST Department of Chemistry Mokpo National University Department of Chemistry Sogang University Korea Basic Science Institute(KBSI) and University of Science and Technology

Synthesis of shape-controlled Pt nanocrystals is substantial and important for enhancing chemical and electrochemical ***,the removal of capping agents,shape-controlling chemicals,on Pt surfaces is essential prior to conducting the catalytic *** we report a facile one-pot synthesis of Pt nanocubes directly grown on carbon supports(Pt nanocubes/C) with modulating the kinetic reaction factors for shaping the nanocrystals,but without adding any capping agents for preserving the clean Pt ***-dispersed Pt nanocubes/C shows enhanced activity and long-term stability toward methanol oxidation reaction compared to the commercial Pt/C catalyst.

关键词： Platinum Nanocube Shape-control Kinetic product Methanol oxidation

superposition of Coherent States in a Mesoscopic Josephson Junction with Dissipation

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2001年第10期36卷 473-476页

作者： ZOU Jian SHAO bin su Wen-Yong Department of Applied Physics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Department of Applied Physics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China Department of Applied Physics Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China

A mesoscopic Josephson junction with dissipation is considered. Usually the dissipation in the system is described as a consequence of its coupling to a reservoir. By solving the master equation we show that the state... 详细信息

关键词： mesoscopic Josephson junction, superposition of coherent states, dissipation

A Life-skills-based HIV/AIDS Prevention Education for Rural Students of Primary Schools in China:What Changed? What Have We Learned?

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2010年第5期23卷 409-419页

作者： WEI LIAO JING-MEI JIANG bin YANG XIN ZENG su-su LIAO Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Hainan Center for Disease Control & Prevention Haikou 570203HainanChina Education Department of Hainan Province Haikou 570203HainanChina

Objective To evaluate a four-hour life-skills-based HIV/AIDS prevention curriculum among 5th grade students in rural primary schools of Hainan *** The study included two *** one （September 2006-May 2007） was a pre-post-quasi experimental design;a total of 2 413 students aged 9 to 14 years from fifth grade classes of nine primary schools completed a baseline survey （1 720 students were in the intervention group,693 in the control group）,and over 98% of them took part in a short *** experimental curriculum was provided to the intervention *** stage two （September 2008）,a cross-sectional questionnaire was administered to 6 923 students in 7th grade classes of eight middle schools in the same study *** were 1 437 students in the intervention group when the curriculum was *** Students tended to score higher in areas of HIV/AIDS related knowledge and attitudes,if they were younger than average,lived in the county seat,had access to the internet,and their parents had completed higher levels of *** analysis showed that,after controlling for characteristics such as family and community factors,the total effects of curriculum on knowledge in the short-term model increased remarkably compared with the baseline,and maintained major contributions to knowledge in the mid-term *** positive effect of knowledge on attitudes was significantly improved in the short-term model as *** A life-skills based curriculum can improve HIV/AIDS related knowledge and self-perceived level of life-skills among primary school students in rural areas in a short time,and these positive effects can still be observed at least 2 years post participation in the curriculum.

关键词： Adolescent HIV/AIDS prevention Life-skills education Effect evaluation Rural area Intervention research

Numerical study of resonance induced by wave action on multiple rectangular boxes with narrow gaps

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2015年第5期34卷 92-102页

作者： NING Dezhi su Xiaojie ZHAO Ming TENG bin State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of Technology School of Computing Engineering and MathematicsUniversity of Western Sydney

By introducing a source term into the Laplace equation, a two-dimensional fully nonlinear time-domain numerical wave flume （NWF） is developed to investigate the resonance induced by the interaction between waves and multiple objects with narrow gaps. In the numerical model, the fully nonlinear kinematic and dynamic boundary conditions are satisfied on the instantaneous free surface and the constant artificial damping is employed in the gaps to approximate the viscous dissipation due to vortex motion and flow separation. The computational domain is discretized using a higher-order boundary element method （HOBEM）. The proposed model is firstly validated against the published experimental data and numerical results of the wave height in the narrow gap between two boxes, the wave heights in the two gaps of three boxes, and wave loads on the boxes. Then, the extensive numerical experiments are performed to study the influences of the number of the boxes and the gap spacing on the resonant frequency, reflected and transmitted wave heights and wave loads on the boxes.

关键词： narrow gap resonance higher-order boundary element nonlinear numerical wave flume

A Miniature Droplet Reactor Built on Nanoparticle-Derived superhydrophobic Pedestals

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Nano Research 2011年第3期4卷 266-273页

作者： bin su, Shutao Wang Yanlin Song Lei Jiang Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science （BNLMS） Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

The capability to design and modulate materials, shapes, heat transfer, and mass mixing during the process of developing chemical reactors has allowed researchers to explore millions of chemical reactions and assays. However, despite the advantages in engineering array-based microreactors or microfluidic systems, the wetting attachment between solutions of reagents/products and the glass or polymer substrates of containers leads to difficulties in collecting products effectively and preventing channel blockage. Herein we present a miniature droplet reactor which takes advantage of the anti-wetting and low-adhesive properties of nanoparticle-derived superhydrophobic pedestals, allowing aqueous droplets to be manipulated freely but also providing a confined environment for performing a series of aqueous phase chemical reactions on a small scale. Gas- or precipitate- forming reactions can also be performed inside this miniature reactor. Most importantly, reaction products in liquid, solid or gaseous states can be collected effectively, which allows the harvesting of valuable products formed in limited amounts. such a miniature reactor built on superhydrophobic pedestals provides a new way of performing common chemical reactions and may open the door to the design of next-generation microreaction systems.

关键词： superhydrophobic reactor droplet hybrid materials nanomaterials

The unique immune evasion mechanisms of the mpox virus and their implication for developing new vaccines and immunotherapies

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第5期39卷 709-718页

作者： Dong Fang Yan Liu Dou Dou bin su Department of Health Sciences National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaBeijing100085China Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100069China Central Laboratory Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100069China

Mpox is an infectious and contagious zoonotic disease caused by the mpox virus(MPXV),which belongs to the genus *** 2022,MPXV has posed a signiﬁcant threat to global public *** emergence of thousands of cases across the Western Hemisphere prompted the World Health Organization to declare an *** extensive coevolutionary history of poxviruses with humans has enabled these viruses to develop sophisticated mechanisms to counter the human immune ***ﬁcally,MPXV employs unique immune evasion strategies against a wide range of immunological elements,presenting a considerable challenge for treatment,especially following the discontinuation of routine smallpox vaccination among the general *** this review,we start by discussing the entry of the mpox virus and the onset of early infection,followed by an introduction to the mechanisms by which the mpox virus can evade the innate and adaptive immune *** caspase-1 inhibitory proteins and a PKR escape-related protein have been identiﬁed as phylogenomic hubs involved in modulating the immune environment during the MPXV *** respect to adaptive immunity,mpox viruses exhibit unique and exceptional T-cell inhibition capabilities,thereby comprehensively remodeling the host immune *** viral envelope also poses challenges for the neutralizing effects of antibodies and the complement *** unique immune evasion mechanisms employed by MPXV make novel multi-epitope and nucleic acid-based vaccines highly promising research directions worth ***,we brieﬂy discuss the impact of MPXV infection on immunosuppressed patients and the current status of MPXV vaccine *** review may provide valuable information for the development of new immunological treatments for mpox.

关键词： Immune response Immune evasion Mpox virus(MPXV) Immunopathology DNA sensing