The unique immune evasion mechanisms of the mpox virus and their implication for developing new vaccines and immunotherapies

作     者：Dong Fang Yan Liu Dou Dou Bin Su 

作者机构：Department of Health SciencesNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaBeijing100085China Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS ResearchBeijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100069China Central LaboratoryBeijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing100069China 

出 版 物：《Virologica Sinica》 (中国病毒学（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2024年第39卷第5期

页      面：709-718页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学] 

基　　金：supported by the High-Level Public Health Specialized Talents Project of Beijing Municipal Health Commission(2022-2-018 to B.S.) Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research(BZ0089).The funders had no role in study design,data collection and analysis,decision to publish,or preparation of the manuscript 

主　　题：Immune response Immune evasion Mpox virus(MPXV) Immunopathology DNA sensing 

摘      要：Mpox is an infectious and contagious zoonotic disease caused by the mpox virus(MPXV),which belongs to the genus *** 2022,MPXV has posed a significant threat to global public *** emergence of thousands of cases across the Western Hemisphere prompted the World Health Organization to declare an *** extensive coevolutionary history of poxviruses with humans has enabled these viruses to develop sophisticated mechanisms to counter the human immune ***fically,MPXV employs unique immune evasion strategies against a wide range of immunological elements,presenting a considerable challenge for treatment,especially following the discontinuation of routine smallpox vaccination among the general *** this review,we start by discussing the entry of the mpox virus and the onset of early infection,followed by an introduction to the mechanisms by which the mpox virus can evade the innate and adaptive immune *** caspase-1 inhibitory proteins and a PKR escape-related protein have been identified as phylogenomic hubs involved in modulating the immune environment during the MPXV *** respect to adaptive immunity,mpox viruses exhibit unique and exceptional T-cell inhibition capabilities,thereby comprehensively remodeling the host immune *** viral envelope also poses challenges for the neutralizing effects of antibodies and the complement *** unique immune evasion mechanisms employed by MPXV make novel multi-epitope and nucleic acid-based vaccines highly promising research directions worth ***,we briefly discuss the impact of MPXV infection on immunosuppressed patients and the current status of MPXV vaccine *** review may provide valuable information for the development of new immunological treatments for mpox.