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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第9期18卷 1952-1953页

作者： stuart j.Grice ji-Long Liu Medical Research Council Functional Genomics Unit Department of PhysiologyAnatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina

Developmental motifs in neurodegeneration:Neurodegeneration,the prominent feature of neurodegenerative disease,is characterized by the progressive and selective loss of neuronal *** some of the pathologies caused by neurodegeneration may be irreversible,early intervention will be required for the treatments that aim to slow or halt the manifestation of these ***,neurodegeneration evokes the idea of a progressive decline of brain function.

关键词： neurodegeneration Huntington function

Land use and dingo baiting are correlated with the density of kangaroos in rangeland systems

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第2期18卷 299-315页

作者： stuart j.DAWSON Tracey L.KREPLINS Malcolm S.KENNEDY juanita RENWICK Mark A.COWAN Patricia A.FLEMING Terrestrial Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Harry Butler InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochAustralia Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development(present address) South PerthAustralia Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development NorthamAustralia Queensland Department of Environment and Science Australia Queensland Department of Environment and Science MoggillAustralia Department of Biodiversity Conservation and AttractionsWoodvaleAustralia

Rangelands worldwide have been subject to broadscale modiﬁcation,such as widespread predator control,intro-duction of permanent livestock water and altered vegetation to improve *** Australia,these landscape changes have resulted in kangaroos(*** macropods)populations increasing over the past 200 ***-garoos are a key contributor to total grazing pressure and in conjunction with livestock and feral herbivores have been linked to land *** used 22 years of aerial survey data to investigate whether the density of 3 macropod species in the southern rangelands of Western Australia was associated with:(i)land use,including type of livestock,total livestock,density of feral goats,type of land tenure,and kangaroo commercial harvest effort;(ii)predator management,including permitted dingo control effort,estimated dingo abundance,and presence of the State Barrier Fence(a dingo exclusion fence);and(iii)environmental variables:ruggedness,rainfall,fractional cover,and total standing dry *** kangaroos(Osphranter rufus)were most abundant inﬂat,open vegetation,on pastoral land,where area permitted for dingo control was high,and numbers were positively associated with antecedent rainfall with a 12-month *** grey kangaroos(Macropus fuliginosus)were most abundant onﬂat,agricultural land,but less abundant in areas with high permitted dingo ***(Osphranter robustus)were most abundant in rugged pastoral land with open vegetation,where permitted dingo control was *** environmental variables are key drivers of landscape productivity and kangaroo populations,anthropogenic factors such as land use and permitted dingo control are strongly associated with kangaroo abundance.

关键词： herbivores livestock macropods overgrazing rangelands total grazing pressure

Population physical activity legacy from major sports events:The contribution of behavior change science

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第2期12卷 212-215页

作者： stuart j.H.Biddle Martin S.Hagger Sami Kokko Montse CRuiz Taru Lintunen Keegan Knittle Faculty of Sport&Health Sciences University of JyväskyläJyväskyläFI-40014Finland Centre for Health Research University of Southern QueenslandSpringfield CentralQLD 4300Australia Department of Psychological Sciences University of CaliforniaMercedCA 95343USA

In a commentary paper in the journal of Sport and Health Science,world-renowned physical activity researchers,Barbara Ainsworth and james Sallis,discussed the opportunities arising from the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games for increasing physical activity in youth.1 Moreover,a clarion call from the Asia-Pacific Society for Physical Activity has been made concerning the physical activity legacy that could arise from the 2032 Olympic and Paralympic Games in Brisbane,Australia(see:ASPA vision for Olympic legacy-ASPA(***)).

关键词： concerning Population behavior

Clay mineral formation and transformation in non-marine environments and implications for Early Cretaceous palaeoclimatic evolution:The Weald Basin,Southeast England

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journal of Palaeogeography 2022年第3期11卷 387-409页

作者： Oladapo O.Akinlotan Ogechukwu A.Moghalu stuart j.Hatter Sunday Okunuwadje Lorna Anquilano Uche Onwukwe Safiyeh Haghani Okwudiri A.Anyiam Byami A.jolly Department of Geography University of SussexFalmerBrightonBN19SJUnited Kingdom Department of Geology University of NigeriaNsukka Road410001NsukkaNigeria Badley Ashton and Associates Ltd Winceby HouseWincebyHorncastleLincolnshireLN96PBUnited Kingdom Department of Geology and Geophysics School of GeosciencesKings’CollegeUniversity of AberdeenScotlandAB243UEUnited Kingdom Experimental Techniques Centre Brunel University LondonBragg 16Brunel University LondonUxbridgeUB83PHUnited Kingdom Department of Geology Ahmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria

Analyses of clay minerals within the Early Cretaceous Weald Basin,Southeast England reveal kaolinite,illite and chlorite as the main detrital clay minerals while glauconite and smectite are subordinates.A kaolinite-rich assemblage which characterized the sand-dominated Ashdown and Tunbridge Wells Sand formations and an illite-dominated assemblage associated mostly with the Wadhurst Clay and Weald Clay formations are *** was enriched in the Ashdown and Tunbridge Wells Sand formations during warm and humid climate with high precipitation that encouraged chemical weathering and leaching,while cold and dry conditions favoured the concentration of illite in the Wadhurst Clay and Weald Clay *** patterns associated with warm climate were drastically reduced during the drier climatic *** clay minerals are detrital in origin,with chlorite being more prominent than previously *** to previous studies and assumptions,this study revealed that authigenic clay minerals are present in the Hastings Beds,with vermiform and mica-replacive kaolinite being the most common,consistent with humid depositional *** authigenic illite is also present,along with a chloritized grain,providing evidence for *** absence of dickite and occurrence of kaolinite,suggest that authigenic illite formed in relatively shallow burial conditions,indicating a maximum burial depth of2500 m-3000 m,about 1000 m deeper than previous estimates of 1500 m-2000 *** clay minerals are absent in the Weald Clay Formation possibly because of hindered flow of meteoric water and limited growth space for authigenic *** study is significant in:1)reinforcing multiple methods to facilitate a robust and balanced knowledge of formation and transformation of clay minerals;2)investigating detrital and authigenic clay mineral assemblages when assessing the palaeoenvironments of sedimentary basins.

关键词： Clay minerals Clay mineral transformation Palaeoclimate Early Cretaceous Weald Basin Wealden Southeast England

The impact of macroalgae on mean and turbulent flow fields

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journal of Hydrodynamics 2015年第3期27卷 427-435页

作者： THOMAS Robert E. MCLELLAND stuart j. Department of Geography Environment and Earth Sciences University of Hull

In this paper, we attempt to quantify the mean and turbulent flow fields around live macroalgae within a tidal inlet in Norway. Two Laminaria digitata specimens - 0.50 m apart were selected for detailed study and a profiling ADV was used to collect 45 velocity profiles, each composed of up to seven 0.035 m-high profiles collected for 240 s at 100 Hz, at a streamwise spacing of 0.25 m and cross-stream spacing of 0.20 m. To quantify the impact of the macroalgae, measurements were repeated over a sparser grid after the region had been completely cleared of algae and major roughness elements.

关键词： dealiasing laminaria digitata turbulence vectrino profiler velocity profile

Palaeoclimatic Controls on Clay Mineral Distribution in the Early Cretaceous(Barremian): The Wessex Basin， Southeast England

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journal of Earth Science 2023年

作者： Oladapo O.Akinlotan Ogechukwu A.Moghalu stuart j.Hatter Byami A.jolly Okwudiri A.Anyiam Department of Geology University of Nigeria 3. Badley Ashton & Associates Ltd Winceby House Winceby Department of Geography University of Sussex Falmer Department of Geology Ahmadu Bello University

This study describes the clay mineralogy of the Lower Cretaceous (Barremian) rocks of the Wessex Basin for palaeoenvironmental interpretations. Seventy-four samples were subjected to optical microscopy， scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS)， and Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by Scanning Electron Microscopy (QEMSCAN?) techniques. The results revealed an illite-dominated sedimentation in most sections of the basin， with kaolinite， chlorite， smectite and glauconite occurring in subordinate quantities. Inferred paleoclimatic conditions from the clay mineral trends indicates a warm and dry climate， with seasonal precipitation. Kaolinite to illite ratios indicate that more arid climate conditions were prevalent but brief periods of warm and humid conditions were also present. A strong positive correlation between chlorite and tourmaline indicates that excess chlorite may have been contributed from tourmaline-chlorite-schists in a tourmaline-dominated provenance. SEM confirms that most of the clay minerals are detrital in origin but authigenic kaolinite is also present as vermiform and mica-replacive kaolinite which formed during early diagenetic modification from flushing meteoric waters in warm humid climates. This study is significant because it demonstrates the importance of multi-proxy methods for understanding clay minerals within sedimentary basins for interpreting the palaeoclimatic conditions of depositional systems.

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Reservoir quality of fluvial sandstone reservoirs in salt-walled mini- basins： an example from the Seagull field, Central Graben, North Sea, UK

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Petroleum Science 2018年第1期15卷 1-27页

作者： Stephan Stricker stuart j.jones Neil Meadows Leon Bowen Department of Earth Sciences Durham University South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK RedRock Associates International Limited 38 Queens DrivePrenton Wirral CH43 0RP UK Department of Physics Durham University South RoadDurham DH1 3LE UK

The Triassic fluvial sandstones of the Skagerrak Formation were deposited in a series of salt-walled mini-basins and act as important hydrocarbon reservoirs for several high-pressure, high-temperature（HPHT） fields in the Central Graben, North Sea. The HPHT reservoirs exhibit excellent reservoir quality considering their depth of burial and hence have been of high interest for hydrocarbon exploration. This research uses a multidisciplinary approach to assess the Skagerrak Formation fluvial reservoir quality from the Seagull field incorporating core analysis, petrography, electron microscopy, XRD analysis, fluid inclusion appraisal and burial history modelling. Halokinesis and salt withdrawal at the margin of the saltwalled mini-basin induced early disaggregation bands and fractures at shallow burial and led to increased influx of meteoric water and clay mineral infiltration from overlying sedimentation. The density of disaggregation bands correlates with the occurrence and magnitude of pore-filling authigenic clay minerals, concentrated along the margin of the saltwalled mini-basin. The fluvial channel sandstones of the Skagerrak Formation are subject to strong intra-basinal spatial reservoir quality variations despite diagenesis and low vertical effective stress having played a favourable role in arresting porosity loss.

关键词： Reservoir quality Halokinesis - Diagenesis Clay minerals Porosity Disaggregation bands Salt-walled mini-basin

Productivity constraints on Citron-crested Cockatoos in a rich community of large hole-nesting birds

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Avian Research 2022年第1期13卷 25-35页

作者： Anna Reuleaux Benny A.Siregar Nigel j.Collar Ani Mardiastuti stuart j.Marsden Department of Natural Sciences Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK Burung Indonesia BogorIndonesia BirdLife International CambridgeUK Bogor Agricultural University(IPB University) BogorIndonesia

Knowledge of breeding success and its limiting factors is crucial in assessing species’conservation *** cavity-nesters,parrots are particularly influenced by the availability of suitable cavities and low breeding output,whether due to natural processes or *** the island of Sumba,Indonesia,the Critically Endangered Citron-crested Cockatoo(Cacatua citrinocristata)has the added problem of co-existing with an unusually rich hole-nesting bird community in a forested environment much constrained by habitat *** monitored 95 nesting cavities of cockatoos and their competitors and potential nest-predators,over one to four breeding seasons,using a combination of camera-traps,direct checks on nest contents,and observations from the *** for suitable cavities was intense among three large parrot species,two owls and a *** rates by potential competitors were higher at unoccupied cavities than at those containing active nests,reflecting the guarding behaviour of the *** Endangered Sumba Hornbill(Rhyticeros everetti)dominated observed direct confrontations and was the most frequent visitor to active parrot nests,suggesting a further role as a potential *** prospected many cavities but rarely then attempted to nest:instead the sites were usually occupied by other cavity-nesters,or by *** the few cavities where cockatoos did breed,predation pressure was likely low,and observed success rate high(10 successful of 15 nests),although the low number of nests found early in the breeding cycle suggests that some may have failed before *** competition for cavities suggests a shortage of suitable nest-sites,the need for preservation of old hole-bearing trees and a role for ***,known,safe artificial nest-sites would also provide opportunities to assess the scale of nest-site shortage,allow camera placements to study productivity,exclude some competitors and predators,and prevent ill

关键词： Camera-traps Competition Conservation Hornbills Parrots Predation

A SteMNess perspective of survival motor neuron function： splicing factors in stem cell biology and disease

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Frontiers in Biology 2015年第4期10卷 297-309页

作者： stuart j. Grice ji-Long Liu MRC Functional Genomics Unit Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics University of Oxford South Parks RoadOxford OX1 3PT UK

Genome-wide analyses of metazoan messenger RNA （mRNA） species are unveiling the extensive transcriptional diversity generated by alternative splicing （AS）. Research is also beginning to identify the splicing factors and AS events required to maintain the balance between stem cell renewal （i.e stemness properties） and differentiation. One set of proteins at the center of spliceosome biogenesis are the survival motor neuron （SMN） complex constituents, which have a critical role in the assembly of spliceosomal small nuclear ribonucleoproteins （snRNPs） in all cells. In this review we discuss what is currently known about how AS controls pluripotency and cell fate and consider how an increased requirement for splicing factors, including SMN, helps to maintain an enrichment of stem cell-specific AS events. Furthermore, we highlight studies showing that mutations in specific splicing factors can lead to the aberrant development, and cause targeted degeneration of the nervous system. Using SMN as an example, we discuss the perspective of how stem cell-specific changes in splicing factors can lead to developmental defects and the selective degeneration of particular tissues. Finally we consider the expanding role of SMN, and other splicing factors, in the regulation of gene expression in stem cell biology, thereby providing insight into a number of debilitating diseases.

关键词： stem cells splicing survival motor neuron (SMN) spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)

ELECTRORETINOGRAPHIC INTENSITY-RESPONSE FUNCTION IN RETINAL DISEASE

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1985年第4期98卷 250-256页

作者：吴乐正 Robert W Massof stuart j starr Zhongshan Ophthalmologic Center Zhongshan Medical College Guangzhou China

We measured the electroretinographic (ERG)intensity-response function and the values of Rmax,K and n in various retinal *** measurement showed many *** values were abnormally decreased in retinitis *** in cone dystrophy or macular degeneration,the Rmax was normal,and the n or K values were ***,in order to increase the clinical information value of the ERG in retinal disorders,we consider it necessary to further characterize the various parameter changes in these rctinal diseases.

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