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Comparative morphometric and chemical analyses of phenotypes of two invasive ambrosia beetles （Euwallacea spp.） in the United States

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Insect Science 2017年第4期24卷 647-662页

作者： Yigen Chen Paul l. Dallara lori J. Nelson Tom W. Coleman Stacy M. Hishinuma Daniel Carrillo steven J. Seybold Department of Entomology and Nematology University of California Davis USA USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station Davis USDA Forest Service Forest Health Protection San Bemardino California USA Tropical Research and Education Center University of Florida Homestead Florida USA

The polyphagous shot hole borer （PSHB）, Euwallacea sp., was first detected in 2003 in los Angeles County, California, USA. Recently, this invasive species has become a major pest of many hardwood trees in urban and wildland forests throughout southern California. PSHB is nearly identical in morphology and life history to the tea shot hole borer （TSHB）, Euwallaceafornicatus, an invasive pest of hardwoods in Florida, USA and many other parts of the world. However, molecular studies have suggested that the taxa are different species. We conducted morphometric and chemical analyses of the pheno- types of Euwallacea sp. collected in southern California （los Angeles County） and E. fornicatus collected in Florida （Miami-Dade County）. Our analyses indicated that PSHB has 3 larval instars. The third larval instar was separated from the first 2 instars by head capsule width with 0 probability of misclassification. The body length, head width, and pronotal width of PSHB adult males were significantly less than those of females. Head width and pronotal width of female PSHB were significantly less than those of female TSHB. In contrast, body length, and ratio of body length to pronotal width of female PSHB were significantly greater than those of female TSHB. However, females of these 2 species could not be separated completely by these 4 measurements because of the overlapping ranges. Cuticular hydrocarbons detected in both species were exclusively alkanes （i.e., n-alkanes, monomethylalkanes, dimethylalkanes, and trimethylalkanes）. Cuticular hydro- carbon profiles of PSHB males and females were similar, but they both differed from that of TSHB females. Cuticular hydrocarbons of PSHB were predominantly internally branched dimethylalkanes with backbones of 31 and 33 carbons, whereas cuticular hydro- carbons of TSHB females were dominated by internally branched monomethylalkanes and dimethylalkanes with backbones of 28 and 29 carbons. Multiple compounds within these classes appear

关键词： cuticular hydrocarbons Euwallaceafornicatus larval instars polyphagousshot hole borer Scolytidae tea shot hole borer

Simultaneous harvesting and cell disruption of microalgae using ozone bubbles:optimization and characterization study for biodiesel production

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021年第5期15卷 1257-1268页

作者： Wan N.A.Kadir Man K.lam Yoshimitsu Uemura Jun W.lim Peck l.Kiew steven lim Siti S.Rosli Chung Y.Wong Pau l.Show Keat T.lee Chemical Engineering Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610Malaysia HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research Institute of Self-Sustainable BuildingUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610Malaysia NPO Kuramae Bioenergy Tokyo108-0023Japan Fundamental and Applied Sciences Department Universiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri Iskandar32610Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Technology&Built EnvironmentUniversity College Sedaya InternationalCheras Kuala Lumpur56000Malaysia Department of Chemical Engineering Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSungai LongSelangor43000Malaysia Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham MalaysiaSemenyih43500Malaysia School of Chemical Engineering Universiti Sains MalaysiaEngineering CampusNibong Tebal14300Malaysia

In the present study, ozone was introduced as an alternative approach to harvest and disrupt microalgae cells (Chlorella vulgaris) simultaneously for biodiesel production. At the optimum ozonation conditions (6.14 g·h^(−1) ozone concentration, 30 min ozonation time, 1 l·min^(−1) of ozone flowrate at medium pH of 10 and temperature of 30℃), the sedimentation efficiency of microalgae cells increased significantly from 12.56% to 68.62%. It was observed that the microalgae cells aggregated to form flocs after pretreated with ozone due to the increment of surface charge from −20 to −6.59 mV. Besides, ozone had successfully disrupted the microalgae cells and resulted in efficient lipid extraction, which was 1.9 times higher than the control sample. The extracted microalgae lipid was mainly consisted of methyl palmitate (C16:0), methyl oleate (C18:1) and methyl linolenate (C18:3), making it suitable for biodiesel production. Finally, utilization of recycled culture media after ozonation pre-treatment showed robust growth of microalgae, in which the biomass yield was maintained in the range of 0.796 to 0.879 g ·h^(−1) for 5 cycles of cultivation.

关键词： microalgae biodiesel ozonation pre-treatment lipid

The Three links policy and stock returns

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Economic and Political Studies 2022年第3期10卷 327-341页

作者： Allen lin steven Raymar Gabelli School of Business Fordham UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

This study examines whether the Three links(3l)policy affected stock returns before,during and after the 2008 Taiwan leadership *** evidence shows that companies in the industries benefitting from(being damaged by)the 3l policy earned posi-tive(negative)cumulative abnormal *** the polit-ical party connection/affiliation seems to have had an impact as well,it was not *** both factors–the policy effect and the political connection effect–are considered together,we find that the policy effect persisted during the election,while the political connection effect did *** is obvious that the policy effect is a powerful factor explaining changes of stock returns during the 2008 leadership election in China’s Taiwan.

关键词： The Three links(3l)policy political connection cumulative abnor-mal returns

Friction and wear performance of polyether ether ketone(PEEK)polymers in three lubrication regimes

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 670-682页

作者： Davide MASSOCCHI Nora lECIS Marco lATTUADA Davide SCAGlIA steven CHATTERTON Paolo PENNACCHI Department of Mechanical Engineering Politecnico di MilanoMilan 20156Italy Eni SpA Downstream product R&DLombardia 20097Italy Eurobearings S.R.l. Lombardia 29016Italy

This experimental study investigates the friction and wear of three coatings commonly used in industrial applications,particularly in hydrodynamic *** three materials under investigation were Babbitt,polyether ether ketone(PEEK)reinforced with 15%carbon fibers,and PEEK reinforced with 20%carbon *** first polymer material was extruded,while the other was produced by fused deposition modelling(FDM).The materials were subjected to sliding tests in a pin-on-disc configuration,with a steel ball serving as the counter *** tests were conducted at room temperature,with a load of 10 N and under three different lubrication conditions:dry,grease,and *** linear speed was set at 0.3 m/s for the dry and semi-solid lubrication tests,while for the oil tests,the speed was set at 0.25 m/*** greases used had consistency grades of NGlI 000 and NGlI *** ISO VG 68 circulation oil was used for the oil lubrication ***,thermodynamic analyses were performed under the most severe conditions(i.e.,dry)to investigate the steel-Babbitt and steel-PEEK contact.

关键词： hydrodynamic bearings polyether ether ketone(PEEK)polymers additive manufacturing grease lubrication sliding oil lubrication ball-on-disk tribology

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“悟出的结论令我震惊……”(英文)

菌物学报 2013年第3期32卷 321-329页

作者： VASIlYEVA larissa STEPHENSON steven l. Institute of Biology and Soil Science Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Department of Biological Sciences University of Arkansas

阐述了对真菌经典分类与分子系统学研究的看法。

关键词：分类系统树

Individual Differences in Aging: Behavioral and Neural Analyses

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1991年第1期4卷 166-172页

作者： DAVID S.OlTON AlICJA MARKOWSKA steven J.BRECKlER GARY l.WENK KEVIN C.PANG VASSIlISKOlIATSOS Department of Psychology The Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreDepartment of Psychology The Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreDepartment of Psychology The Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreDepartment of Psychology The Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreDepartment of Psychology The Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreDepartments of Pathology and Neurology The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland 21218Maryland 21218Maryland 21218 Maryland 21218 Maryland 21218 Maryland 21205

Aged populations have remarkable variability in recent memory and cognitive mapping. Although some individuals may have substantial age-related impairments, others perform almost as well as young individuals. This paper reviews the relevant data on aged rats and indicates two challenges for biomarkers of aging. The first is to provide an appropriate quantitative description of these individual differences. The second is to use them effectively as markers for age-related changes in psychological functions and their neural substrates.

关键词： Behavioral and Neural Analyses

Glyoxylate Reductase Isoform 1 is localized in the Cytosol and Not Peroxisomes in Plant Cells

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第3期54卷 152-168页

作者： steven l. K. Ching Satinder K. Gidda Amanda Rochon Owen R. van Cauwenberghe Barry J. Shelp Robert T. Mullen Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada Department of Plant Agriculture University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada

Glyoxylate reductase （GlYR） is a key enzyme in plant metabolism which catalyzes the detoxification of both photorespiratory glyoxylate and succinic semialdehdye, an intermediate of the γ-aminobutyrate （GABA） pathway. Two isoforms of GlYR exist in plants, GlYR1 and GlYR2, and while GlYR2 is known to be localized in plastids, GlYR1 has been reported to be localized in either peroxisomes or the cytosol. Here, we reappraised the intracellular localization of GlYR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana l. Heynh （ecotype lansberg erecta） using both transiently-transformed suspension cells and stably-transformed plants, in combination with fluorescence microscopy. The results indicate that GlYR1 is localized exclusively to the cytosol regardless of the species, tissue and/or cell type, or exposure of plants to environmental stresses that would increase flux through the GABA pathway. Moreover, the C-terminal tripeptide sequence of GlYR1, -SRE, despite its resemblance to a type 1 peroxisomal targeting signal, is not sufficient for targeting to peroxisomes. Collectively, these results define the cytosol as the intracellular location of GlYR1 and provide not only important insight to the metabolic roles of GlYR1 and the compartmentation of the GABA and photorespiratory pathways in plant cells, but also serve as a useful reference for future studies of proteins proposed to be localized to peroxisomes and/or the cytosol.

关键词： Arabidopsis GABA GlYR1 cytosol photobleaching peroxisome PTS stress tobacco BY-2.

Breeding high-yield superior quality hybrid super rice by rational design

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National Science Review 2016年第3期3卷 283-294页

作者： Qian Qian longbiao Guo steven M.Smith Jiayang li State Key laboratory for Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences State Key laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research(Beijing) Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences School of Biological Sciences University of Tasmania

The challenge of meeting the increasing demand for worldwide rice production has driven a sustained quest for advances in rice breeding for yield. Two breakthroughs that led to quantum leaps in productivity last century were the introduction of semidwarf varieties and of hybrid rice. Subsequent gains in yield have been incremental. The next major leap in rice breeding is now upon us through the application of rational design to create defined ideotypes. The exploitation of wide-cross compatibility and intersubspecific heterosis,combined with rapid genome sequencing and the molecular identification of genes for major yield and quality traits have now unlocked the potential for rational design.

关键词： Oryza sativa l super rice hybrids molecular breeding grain yield grain quality

An investigation of roof runoff during rain events at the Royal Military College of Canada and potential discharge to lake Ontario

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第7期23卷 1072-1078页

作者： David G. Kelly Ron D. Weir steven D. White Analytical Sciences Group & SlOWPOKE-2 Facility at RMC Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Royal Military College of Canada 11 General Crerar Crescent

The Royal Military College of Canada, located on the north eastern shore of lake Ontario, possesses an abundance of copper roofs and lacks surface water treatment prior to discharge into lake Ontario. Rainwater, roof runoff and soil samples were collected and analyzed for copper and other parameters. Copper was consistently detected in runoff samples with average concentrations of 3200 ± 2100 μg/l. Multivariable linear regression analysis for a dependant copper runoff concentration yielded an adjusted R 2 value of 0.611, based on an independent variable model using minimum temperature, maximum temperature, total precipitation, and wind speed. lake water samples taken in the vicinity of storm water outfalls draining areas with copper roofs ranged from 2.0 to 40 μg/l copper. Such data exceed the 2.0 μg/l Canadian Water Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic life as outlined by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment （CCME）. Analysis of raw, filtered and digested forms suggested that the majority of copper present in runoff and lake water samples was in a dissolved form. The majority of soils taken in this study displayed copper concentrations below the 63 μg/g CCME residential/parkland land use limits. These findings suggested that ion exchange processes between runoff water and soil do not occur to a sufficient extent to elevate copper levels in soil. It may therefore be concluded that the eventual fate of copper, which is not discharged via storm water outfalls, is lost to the water table and lake Ontario through the sub-soil.

关键词： copper roof runoff lake Ontario Canadian water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life