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Connecting inorganic mercury and lead measurements in blood to dietary sources of exposure that may impact child development

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World Journal of Methodology 2021年第4期11卷 144-159页

作者： Renee J Dufault Mesay M Wolle H M Skip Kingston steven g gilbert Joseph A Murray Food Ingredient and Health Research Institute NaalehuHI 96772United States College of graduate Health Studies A.T.Still UniversityKirksvilleMO 63501United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Duquesne UniversityPittsburghPA 15282United States Institute of Neurotoxicology and Neurological Disorders SeattleWA 98105United States Division of gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

Pre-natal and post-natal chemical exposures and co-exposures from a variety of sources including contaminated air,water,soil,and food are common and associated with poorer birth and child health *** diet is a contributing factor in the development of child behavioral *** behavior and learning can be adversely impacted when gene expression is altered by dietary transcription factors such as zinc insufficiency or deficiency or by exposure to toxic substances permitted in our food supply such as mercury,lead,or organophosphate pesticide *** with autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders exhibit decreased or impaired PON1 gene activity which is needed by the body to metabolize and excrete neurotoxic organophosphate *** this current review we present an updated macroepigenetic model that explains how dietary inorganic mercury and lead exposures from unhealthy diet may lead to elevated blood mercury and/or lead levels and the development of symptoms associated with the autism and attention deficithyperactivity ***1 gene activity may be suppressed by inadequate dietary calcium,selenium,and fatty acid intake or exposures to lead or *** model may assist clinicians in diagnosing and treating the symptoms associated with these childhood neurodevelopmental *** for future research are provided based on the updated model and review of recently published literature.

关键词： Autism Paraoxonase 1 Selenium Inorganic mercury Lead Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

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Porosity Effects on Interlaminar Fracture Behavior in Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2017年第2期8卷 170-187页

作者： Issa A. Hakim steven L. Donaldson Norbert g. Meyendorf Charles E. Browning Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering University of Dayton Dayton OH USA Fraunhofer-IKTS Berlin Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering Omar Al-Mukhtar University El-Beida Libya Department of Civil & Environment Engineering & Engineering Mechanics University of Dayton Dayton OH USA Department of Aerospace Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA USA Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering University of Dayton Dayton OH USA

Fiber-reinforced polymer composite materials have become materials of choice for manufacturing application due to their high specific stiffness, strength and fatigue life, low density and thermal expansion coefficient. However, there are some types of defects such as porosity that form during the manufacturing processes of composites and alter their mechanical behavior and material properties. In his study, hand lay-up was conducted to fabricate samples of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites with three different vacuum levels in order to vary porosity content. Nondestructive evaluation, destructive techniques and mechanical testing were conducted. Nondestructive evaluation results showed the trend in percentages of porosity through-thickness. Serial sectioning images revealed significant details about the composite’s internal structure such as the volume, morphology and distribution of porosity. Mechanical testing results showed that porosity led to a decrease in both Mode I static interlaminar fracture toughness and Mode I cyclic strain energy release rate fatigue life. The fractographic micrographs showed that porosity content increased as the vacuum decreased, and it drew a relationship between fracture mechanisms and mechanical properties of the composite under different modes of loading as a result of the porosity effects. Finally, in order to accurately quantify porosity percentages included in the samples of different vacuum levels, a comparison was made between the parameters and percentages resulted from the nondestructive evaluation and mechanical testing and the features resulted from fractography and serial sectioning.

关键词： Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Nondestructive Evaluation Porosity Fatigue Fracture Behavior Serial Sectioning

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Patient Characteristics, Safety, and Tolerability With Telaprevir Treatment for HCV in the Clinic:a Retrospective, Multicenter Study

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2014年第2期2卷 65-73页

作者： steven L. Flamm Paul J. Pockros Leif Bengtsson Mark Friedman Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois USA Scripps Clinic and Scripps Translational Science Institute La Jolla California USA Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated Boston Massachusetts USA

Background and Aims: There is a paucity of information regarding similarities and differences between patients from the phase 3 studies of telaprevir and those receiving telaprevir in clinical practice. Methods: This retrospective chart review evaluated baseline characteristics and follow-up safety and tolerability data for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection treated with telaprevir and peginterferon alfa and ribavirin (PR) in clinical practice. Results: In total, 338 charts from patients at four academic and three community US treatment centers who received telaprevir and PR and had at least 12 weeks of follow-up data were included;62%were from academic centers and 38% were from community centers. Of the 338 patients, 269 completed 12 weeks of telaprevir and PR;32 discontinued due to adverse events. Mean age was 55 years;patients were predominantly white (79.3%) males (58.9%) with genotype 1a HCV infection (61.8%);35.5%were reported to have cirrhosis at baseline;and 55.3%previously received PR. Hypertension and depres-sion were the most common comorbidities. Patient charac-teristics outside the per-protocol minimum criteria used in the phase 3 studies of telaprevir were, e.g., hemoglobin, 9.2%;albumin, 5.3%;platelets, 11.5%;and neutrophil count, 5.6%. Adverse events occurred in 329/338 (97.3%) patients, with anemia, fatigue, nausea, and rash being the most common. Of 38 hospitalizations, 26 were deemed related to telaprevir and PR. Three patients died due to pneumonia, septic shock, and hepatorenal syndrome (n=1 each). Conclusions: These findings complement those reported from rigorous, randomized controlled studies with telaprevir-based treatment and provide a general assess-ment of similarities and/or differences between patients from the phase 3 studies of telaprevir and those treated with telaprevir in clinical practice.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Combination drug therapy Protease inhibitors Liver diseases

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腹腔镜外科学基础认证项目简介及其对中国外科医师的意义

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中华消化外科杂志 2014年第9期13卷 671-673页

作者： Linda P Zhang Samuel R g Finlayson Allan Okrainec steven D Schwaitzberg 纽约西奈山医学院外科纽约10029 犹他州大学外科盐湖城84112 多伦多大学外科多伦多M1C1A4 哈佛大学医学院外科波士顿02115

腹腔镜外科学基础（FLS）项目是普通外科中第1个经过验证的操作和认知考核项目.FLS由美国胃肠内镜外科医师协会（SAgES）开发并得到美国外科医学委员会（ABS）的支持.ABS要求所有拟参加普通外科医师执业资格考试前必须通过FLS考试.在美... 详细信息

腹腔镜外科学基础（FLS）项目是普通外科中第1个经过验证的操作和认知考核项目.FLS由美国胃肠内镜外科医师协会（SAgES）开发并得到美国外科医学委员会（ABS）的支持.ABS要求所有拟参加普通外科医师执业资格考试前必须通过FLS考试.在美国,普通外科医师执业资格考试是取得执业资格的第一步.本文回顾了FLS项目在美国取得的成功经验,并就该项目在中国推广标准化腹腔镜外科技术中的应用和获益进行了介绍.

关键词：腹腔镜外科学基础培训标准化

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Optic nerve injury-induced regeneration in the adult zebrafish is accompanied by spatiotemporal changes in mitochondrial dynamics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 219-225页

作者： An Beckers Luca Masin Annelies Van Dyck steven Bergmans Sophie Vanhunsel Anyi Zhang Tine Verreet Fabienne EPoulain Karl Farrow Lieve Moons Neural Circuit Development and Regeneration Research group Animal Physiology and Neurobiology SectionDepartment of BiologyKatholieke Universiteit LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Poulain Lab Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA Neuro-Electronics Research Flanders Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie(VIB)LeuvenBelgium Leuven Brain Institute LeuvenBelgium Imec LeuvenBelgium

Axonal regeneration in the central nervous system is an energy-intensive *** contrast to mammals,adult zebrafish can functionally recover from neuronal *** raises the question of how zebrafish can cope with this high energy *** previously showed that in adult zebrafish,subjected to an optic nerve crush,an antagonistic axon-dendrite interplay exists wherein the retraction of retinal ganglion cell dendrites is a prerequisite for effective axonal *** postulate a‘dendrites for regeneration’paradigm that might be linked to intraneuronal mitochondrial reshuffling,as ganglion cells likely have insufficient resources to maintain dendrites and restore axons ***,we characterized both mitochondrial distribution and mitochondrial dynamics within the different ganglion cell compartments(dendrites,somas,and axons)during the regenerative *** nerve crush resulted in a reduction of mitochondria in the dendrites during dendritic retraction,whereafter enlarged mitochondria appeared in the optic nerve/tract during axonal *** dendritic regrowth in the retina,mitochondrial density inside the retinal dendrites returned to baseline ***,a transient increase in mitochondrial fission and biogenesis was observed in retinal ganglion cell somas after optic nerve *** together,these findings suggest that during optic nerve injury-induced regeneration,mitochondria shift from the dendrites to the axons and back again and that temporary changes in mitochondrial dynamics support axonal and dendritic regrowth after optic nerve crush.

关键词： axonal regeneration central nervous system dendrite remodeling energy metabolism fission mitochondria mitochondrial trafficking optic nerve crush retina zebrafish

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盐酸酸洗水活化法一步制备磁性活性炭（英文）

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新型炭材料 2018年第4期33卷 303-309页

作者：王芳党艳秋田勋 steven Harrington 马雷马彦青滨州学院化学与安全学院、滨州市材料重点实验室山东滨州256600 天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院天津300072 天津大学天津纳米颗粒与纳米系统国际研究中心天津300072

以盐酸酸洗水为活化剂,玉米芯为为碳源,通过简单一步法制备出一种新型磁性活性炭。详细研究了该材料不同条件下甲基橙的吸附性能。结果表明,973 K活化1 h所得磁性活性炭具有较大的比表面积(784.76 m^2/g),298 K甲基橙的吸附量高达555.56... 详细信息

以盐酸酸洗水为活化剂,玉米芯为为碳源,通过简单一步法制备出一种新型磁性活性炭。详细研究了该材料不同条件下甲基橙的吸附性能。结果表明,973 K活化1 h所得磁性活性炭具有较大的比表面积(784.76 m^2/g),298 K甲基橙的吸附量高达555.56 mg/g。此外,磁性活性炭含有赤铁矿和磁铁矿易于从染料废水中分离。

关键词：玉米芯碳质材料酸洗水甲基橙

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Cholangiocarcinoma, gone without the Wnt?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2016年第26期8卷 1093-1096页

作者： Anne T R Noll Thorsten Cramer steven W M Olde Damink Frank g Schaap Department of Surgery NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in MetabolismMaastricht University Molecular Tumor Biology Department of GeneralVisceral and Transplantation SurgeryRWTH Aachen University Euregional HPB collaboration Aachen-Maastricht Aachen-Maastricht

Cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) is a relatively rare malignancy of the intra- or extra-hepatic bile ducts that is classified according to its anatomical localization as intrahepatic, perihilar or distal. Overall, CCA has a dismal prognosis due to typical presentation at an advanced irresectable stage, lack of effective non-surgical treatments, and a high rate of disease recurrence. CCA frequently arises on a background of chronic liver inflammation and cholestasis. Chronic inflammation is accompanied by enhanced cell turnover with generation of additional inflammatory stimuli, and a microenvironment rich in pro-inflammatory mediators and proliferative factors that enable accumulation of mutations, transformation and expansion of mutated cells. A recent study by Boulter et al implicates the Wnt signaling cascade in cholangiocarcinogenesis. Wnt ligands Wnt7 B and Wnt10 A were found to be highly overexpressed in human CCA tissue. Wnt7 B protein was present throughout the tumor stroma, and often co-localized with a subset of CD68+ macrophages. To address in a direct manner whether Wnt signaling is engaged in development of CCA, Boulter et al explored the Wnt signaling pathway in an experimental model that recapitulates the multi-stage progression of human *** ligands found to be elevated in human CCA were also upregulated during the course of CCA development following thioacetamide treatment. Wnt10 a increased during the(pre-cancerous) regenerative phase, while Wnt7 b induction paralleled tumor growth. Along with upregulation of target genes, the findings demonstrate that the canonical Wnt pathway is progressively activated during cholangio-carcinogenesis. Macrophage depletion,eliminating a major source of Wnt7 b, prevented activation of the canonical Wnt cascade, and resulted in reduced number and volume of tumors in this model. Moreover,specific inhibitors of the canonical Wnt pathway(ICg-001 and C-59) caused reduction of tumor area and number,in xenograft and thioacetami

关键词： Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma Liver neoplasms Carcinogenesis Wnt signaling pathway Wnt7B protein Wnt proteins

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渐进结构优化法的基本理论及应用

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工程力学 1999年第6期16卷 70-81页

作者：谢亿民杨晓英 g.P.steven O.M.Querin Victoria University of Technology PO.Box 14428Melboume City MCVictoria 8001Australia TheUniversity of Sydney NSW2006Australia

渐进结构优化法（Ｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｒｙ　Ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌ　Ｏｐｔｉｍｉｚａｔｉｏｎ，简称ＥＳＯ）是近年来兴起的一种解决各类结构优化问题的数值方法。它是基于这样一个简单概念：通过将结构中无效或低效的材料一步步去掉... 详细信息

渐进结构优化法（Ｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｒｙ　Ｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌ　Ｏｐｔｉｍｉｚａｔｉｏｎ，简称ＥＳＯ）是近年来兴起的一种解决各类结构优化问题的数值方法。它是基于这样一个简单概念：通过将结构中无效或低效的材料一步步去掉，剩下的结构将逐渐趋于优化。ＥＳＯ的特点在于简单，通用，优化的结构可为桁架，刚架，板壳或三维连续体，优化的约束条件包括应力，刚度，位移，频率及临界压力。本文阐述渐进结构优化法的基本原理和具体步骤，并以一系列算例演示该法的计算机实施过程，文章最后介绍了ＥＳＯ的最新进展。

关键词：渐进结构优化法有限元法渐进法计算力学

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Contemporary indications for and outcomes of hepatic resection for neuroendocrine liver metastases

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Surgery 2020年第4期12卷 159-170页

作者： steven D Scoville Dimitrios Xourafas Aslam M Ejaz Allan Tsung Timothy Pawlik Jordan M Cloyd Department of Surgery Division of Surgical Oncology at The Ohio State UniversityJames Cancer CenterColumbusOH 43210United States The Arthur g James Comprehensive Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210United States Department of Surgery Harvard Medical SchoolDepartment of SurgeryBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02215United States Department of Surgery The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210United States Department of Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Department of Surgery Division of Surgical OncologyThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

BACKgROUND Although surgical resection is associated with the best long-term outcomes for neuroendocrine liver metastases(NELM),the current indications for and outcomes of surgery for NELM from a population perspective are not well *** To determine the current indications for and outcomes of liver resection(LR)for NELM using a population-based *** A retrospective review of the 2014-2017 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program and targeted hepatectomy databases was performed to identify patients who underwent LR for *** characteristics and 30-d morbidity and mortality were *** Among 669 patients who underwent LR for NELM,the median age was 60(interquartile range:51-67)and 51%were *** the number of metastases resected ranged from 1 to 9,the most common(45%)number of tumors resected was *** majority(68%)of patients had a largest tumor size ofght or left hepatectomy or *** majority of operations were open(82%)versus laparoscopic(17%)or robotic(1%).In addition,30%of patients underwent intraoperative ablation while 45%had another concomitant operation including cholecystectomy(28.8%),bowel resection(20.2%),or partial pancreatectomy(3.4%).Overall 30-d morbidity and mortality was 29%and 1.3%,*** multivariate analysis,American Society of Anesthesiologists class≥3[odds ratios(OR),OR=2.089,95%confidence intervals(CI):1.197-3.645],open approach(OR=1.867,95%CI:1.148-3.036),right hepatectomy(OR=1.618,95%CI:1.014-2.582),and prolonged operative time of>230 min(OR=1.731,95%CI:1.168-2.565)were associated with higher 30-d morbidity while intraoperative ablation and concomitant procedures were *** LR for NELM was performed with relatively low postoperative morbidity and *** procedures performed at the time of LR did not increase morbidity.

关键词： Carcinoid Neuroendocrine tumor Primary tumor resection Intraoperative ablation Cholecystectomy Small bowel resection

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分子诊断的潜力

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生物产业技术 2008年第3期 84-86页

作者： g．steven Burrill 投资公司Burill＆Company的首席执行官（CEO）

以抗癌药物赫赛汀为旨，分子诊断技术实用转化的成功事例接连不断地出现。普及的脚步越来越近了。美国FDA等管理当局也开始出手推动。分予诊断市场今后会进一步扩大吗？Burrill＆Company的*** Burrill CEO对其现状和未来进行了说明和展望。

关键词：分子诊断技术美国FDA 抗癌药物 CEO

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