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Subseasonal Prediction of Early-summer Northeast Asian cut-off Lows by Bcc-cSM2-HR and GloSea5

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第11期40卷 2127-2134页

作者： Yu NIE Jie WU Jinqing ZUO Hong-Li REN Adam A.ScAIFE Nick DUNSTONE steven c.hardiman china Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for climate Prediction Studies National Climate CenterBeijing 100081China collaborative Innovation center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(cIc-FEMD) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Institute of Tibetan Plateau&Polar MeteorologyChinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing100089China Met Office Hadley centre Exeter EX13PBUnited Kingdom University of Exeter Exeter EX13PBUnited Kingdom

Northeast Asian cut-off lows are crucial cyclonic systems that can bring temperature and precipitation extremes over large *** subseasonal forecasting of Northeast Asian cut-off lows is of great *** two dynamical forecasting systems,one from the Beijing climate center(Bcc-cSM2-HR)and the other from the Met Office(GloSea5),this study assesses simulation ability and subseasonal prediction skill for early-summer Northeast Asian cut-off *** models are shown to have good ability in representing the spatial structure of cut-off lows,but they underestimate the *** skillful prediction time scales for cut-off low intensity are about 10.2 days for Bcc-cSM2-HR and 11.4 days for GloSea5 in *** examination shows that both models can essentially capture the initial Rossby wave train,rapid growth and decay processes responsible for the evolution of cut-off lows,but the models show weaker amplitudes for the three-stage *** underestimated simulated strength of both the Eurasian midlatitude and East Asian subtropical jets may lead to the weaker local eddy-mean flow interaction responsible for the cut-off low evolution.

关键词： Northeast Asia cut-off lows subseasonal prediction skill jet stream

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Predictability and Risk of Extreme Winter PM_(2.5)concentration in Beijing

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2023年第5期37卷 632-642页

作者： Jingpeng LIU Adam A.ScAIFE Nick DUNSTONE Hong-Li REN Doug SMITH steven chardiman Bo WU china Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for climate Prediction Studies National Climate CentreChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Met Office Hadley centre Exeter EX13PBUnited Kingdom college of Engineering Mathematicsand Physical SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeter EX44QGUnited Kingdom State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Institute of Tibetan Plateau Meteorology Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Air pollution remains a serious environmental and social problem in many big cities in the *** to predict and estimate the risk of extreme air pollution is unsettled *** study tries to provide a solution to this challenge by examining the winter PM_(2.5)concentration in Beijing based on the UNprecedented Simulation of Extremes with ENsembles(UNSEEN)*** PM_(2.5)concentration observations in Beijing,Japanese 55-yr reanalysis data,and the Met Office near term climate prediction system(DePreSys3a)large ensemble simulations are used,and 10,000proxy series are generated with the model fidelity *** is found that in Beijing,the main meteorological driver of PM_(2.5)concentration is monthly 850-hPa meridional wind(V850).Although the skill in prediction of V850 is low on seasonal and longer timescales,based on the UNSEEN,we use large ensemble of initialized climate simulations of V850 to estimate the current chance and risk of unprecedented PM_(2.5)concentration in *** unravel that there is a 3%(2.1%–3.9%)chance of unprecedented low monthly V850 corresponding to high PM_(2.5)in each winter,within the 95%range,calculated by bootstrap resampling of the ***,we use the relationship between air quality and winds to remove the meridional wind influence from the observed record,and find that anthropogenic intervention appears to have reduced the risk of extreme PM_(2.5)in Beijing in recent years.

关键词： UNprecedented Simulation of Extremes with ENsembles(UNSEEN) climate risk PM_(2.5) Beijing

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Oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health,disease,and recovery:deeper insights into myelin dynamics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： Pieter-Jan Serneels Julie D.De Schutter Lies De Groef Lieve Moons steven Bergmans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and ***,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing *** forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature *** new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological *** this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across ***,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination ***,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegeneration oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial lineage remyelination

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current methods for the maturation of induced pluripotent stem cellderived cardiomyocytes

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World Journal of Stem cells 2019年第1期11卷 33-43页

作者： Pranav Machiraju steven c Greenway Departments of Pediatrics and cardiac Sciences Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of Calgary Departments of Pediatrics Cardiac Sciences Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary

Induced pluripotent stem cells(iPScs) were first generated by Yamanaka and colleagues over a decade ago. Since then, iPScs have been successfully differentiated into many distinct cell types, enabling tissue-, disease-, and patientspecific in vitro modelling. cardiovascular disease is the greatest cause of mortality worldwide but encompasses rarer disorders of conduction and myocardial function for which a cellular model of study is ideal. Although methods to differentiate iPScs into beating cardiomyocytes(iPSc-cMs) have recently been adequately optimized and commercialized, the resulting cells remain largely immature with regards to their structure and function,demonstrating fetal gene expression, disorganized morphology, reliance on predominantly glycolytic metabolism and contractile characteristics that differ from those of adult cardiomyocytes. As such, disease modelling using iPSc-cMs may be inaccurate and of limited utility. However, this limitation is widely recognized, and numerous groups have made substantial progress in addressing this problem. This review highlights successful methods that have been developed for the maturation of human iPSc-cMs using small molecules,environmental manipulation and 3-dimensional(3 D) growth approaches.

关键词： Induced pluripotent stem cells Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes Regenerative medicine Stem cell biology Translational research

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Trends and seasonality in hospitalizations for acute alcohol-related and biliary pancreatitis in the USA

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2021年第2期20卷 173-181页

作者： Artem Shmelev Anne M Sill Tiffany Horrigan steven c cunningham Department of Surgery Saint Agnes HealthcareBaltimoreMDUSA

Background:The incidence of acute pancreatitis(AP)is characterized by circannual and geographical *** aim of this study was to describe seasonal variation and trends in hospitalizations for AP in the USA with respect to AP ***:The Nationwide Inpatient Sample data(2000–2016)from the Healthcare cost and Utilization Project were *** study population included all primary hospitalizations for *** AP(BAP)and alcohol-induced AP(AAP)were distinguished by diagnostic and procedural IcD *** trend decomposition was ***:There was a linear increase in annual incidence(per 100000 population)of AAP in the USA(from 17.0 in 2000 to 22.9 in 2016),while incidence of BAP,equaled 19.9 in 2000,peaked at 22.1 in 2006 and decreased to 17.4 in *** incidence demonstrated 18%annual incidence amplitude with summer peak and winter trough,more prominent in *** 2016,within AAP,the highest incidence(per 100000 population)was noted among African-Americans(up to 50.4),followed by males aged 56–70 years(26.5)and Asians of low income(25.5);within BAP,above the average incidence was observed in Hispanic(up to 25.8)and Asian(up to 25.0)*** most consistent and rapid increase in AP incidence was noted in males aged 56–70 years with an alcoholic etiology(average 6%annual incidence growth).conclusions:The incidence and annual trends of AP vary significantly among demographic and socioeconomic groups and this knowledge may be useful for the planning of healthcare resources and identification of at-risk populations.

关键词： Pancreatitis Alcoholic pancreatitis Incidence Seasonal variation

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Subspecialty radiology and surgery

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2013年第2期12卷 122-124页

作者： steven c cunningham Saleem Farooqui Departments of Surgery and Radiology Saint Agnes Hospital

The Master said: "Yu! Shall I teach you the meaning of knowledge?When you know a thing to recognize that you know it; and when you do not, to know that you do not know

关键词： Subspecialty radiology and surgery FNH

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Detecting accidental punctures and lacerations during cholecystectomy in large datasets: Two methods of analysis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第5期17卷 430-436页

作者： Artem Shmelev Anne M Sill Gopal c Kowdley Juan A Sanchez steven c cunningham Department of Surgery Saint Agnes Hospital and Cancer Center

Background: After the Institute of Medicine(IOM) report To Err Is Human highlighted the impact of medical errors, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality(AHRQ) developed Patient-Safety Indicators(PSI) to improve quality by identifying potential inpatient safety problems. PSI-15 was created to study accidental punctures and lacerations(APL), but PSI-15 may underestimate APLs in populations of patients. This study compares PSI-15 with a more inclusive approach using a novel composite of secondary diagnostic and procedural codes. Methods: We used Nationwide Inpatient Sample(NIS) data(20 0 0–2012) from AHRQ’s Healthcare cost and Utilization Project(H-cUP). We analyzed PSI-15-positive and-negative cholecystectomies. cross tabulations identified codes that were significantly more frequent among PSI-15-positive cases; these secondary diagnostic and procedural codes were selected as candidate members of a composite marker(cM) of APL. We chose cholecystectomy patients for study because this is one of the most common general operations, and the large size of NIS allows for meaningful analysis of infrequent occurrences such as APL rates. Results: cM identified 1.13 times more APLs than did PSI-15. Patients with cM-detected APLs were significantly older and had worse mortality, comorbidities, lengths of stay, and charges than those detected with PSI-15. Further comparison of these two approaches revealed that time-series analysis for both APL markers revealed parallel trends, with inflections in 2007, and lowest APL rates in July. conclusions: Although cM may yield more false positives, it appears more inclusive, identifying more clinically significant APLs, than PSI-15. Both measures presented similar trends over time, arguing against inflation in PSI-15 reporting. While arguably less specific, cM may increase sensitivity for detecting APL events during cholecystectomies. These results may inform the interpretation of other large population studies of APLs following abd

关键词： cholecystectomy Patient safety Accidental lacerations AHRQ PSI-15

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Using modeling and simulation and artificial intelligence to improve complex adaptive systems engineering

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific computing 2022年第2期13卷 70-90页

作者： Andreas Tolk Philip Barry steven c.Doskey The MITRE corporation 1001 Research Park Blvd#220 CharlottesvilleVA 22911USA George Mason University 4400 University DrFairfax VA 22030USA The MITRE corporation 7525 Colshire DrMcLean VA 22102USA

Systems engineering practices are evolving to address fast-changing needs in fielding complex *** needs create an environment in which system needs evolve or change too quickly to be tracked or managed by humans’natural *** propose that systems engineering must aid systems engineering managers by providing architectural alternatives and design ***,as systems become more complex and dynamic,there is an increased need to identify hidden risks,model emergent behav-ior,and expose hidden patterns in the behavior of *** engineering needs to evolve to build fast-fielded,resilient,and adaptive systems that leverage posi-tive reinforcement feedback loops with multiple experimental and real-world information *** very basis of systems engineering must evolve from today’s development paradigms to a future that leverages modeling,simulation,and artificial intelligence to drastically improve the capability and agility for developing new *** paper proposes a common way forward to enable this new form of complex adaptive systems engineering.

关键词： complex systems digital twin systems engineering

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HIDA scan for functional gallbladder disorder： ensure that you know how the scan was done

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第2期16卷 197-201页

作者： Naeem Goussous Hadia Maqsood Ethan Spiegler Gopal c Kowdley steven c cunningham Department of Surgery Saint Agnes Hospital Baltimore USA Department of Nuclear Medicine Saint Agnes Hospital Baltimore USA

BAcKGROUND： Despite the increasing use of fatty meal（FM） as a substitute for cholecystokinin（ccK） in pain reproduction during hepato-imino-diacetic acid（HIDA） scan in functional gallbladder disorder, there are no studies comparing the differences between ccK and FM. The present study was to compare the efficacy of FM in comparison of ccK in FGBD application. METHODS： Patients undergoing HIDA scans from August 2013 to May 2014 were divided into two groups： those undergoing ccK-stimulated HIDA scan versus FM-stimulated HIDA scan. These groups were compared according to demographics and HIDA ***： Of 153 patients, 70 received ccK and 83 FM. There was no difference regarding age, gender, gallstones, gallbladder ejection fraction and time to visualization. However, significantly more of the patients receiving ccK than FM experienced pain reproduction（61% vs 30%, P〈0.01）.cONcLUSIONS： Stimulation of gallbladder contractility with a FM during HIDA is less than half as likely to reproduce biliary symptoms compared to ccK, despite similar ejection fractions and other parameters. It is essential that providers account for this difference when counseling patients regarding cholecystectomy for functional gallbladder disorder.

关键词： gallbladder dysfunction biliary dyskinesia cholecystokinin hepato-imino-diacetic acid

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Minimally invasive and open gallbladder cancer resections: 30-vs 90-day mortality

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2017年第4期16卷 405-411页

作者： Naeem Goussous Motahar Hosseini Anne M Sill steven c cunningham Department of Surgery Saint Agnes HospitalBaltimoreMDUSA

BAcKGROUND:Minimally invasive surgery is increasingly used for gallbladder cancer *** mortality at 30 days is low,but 90-day mortality is ***:Using National cancer Database(1998-2012),all resection patients were ***-and 90-day mortality rates were ***:A total of 36 067 patients were identified,19 139(53%) of whom underwent *** age was 71 years and 70.7% were ***-day mortality following surgical resection was 2.3-fold higher than 30-mortality(17.1% vs 7.4%).There was a statistically significant increase in 30-and 90-day mortality with poorly differentiated tumors,presence of lymphovascular invasion,tumor stage,incomplete surgical resection and low-volume centers(Pction between 2010 and 2012,the 90-day mortality was 2.8-fold higher than the 30-day mortality(12.0% vs 4.3%).cONcLUSIONS:Ninety-day mortality following gallbladder cancer resection is significantly higher than 30-day *** mortality is associated with tumor grade,lymphovascular invasion,tumor stage,type and completeness of surgical resection as well as type and volume of facility.

关键词： gallbladder cancer laparoscopic minimally invasive survival radical cholecystectomy complications

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