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Evolving ethical issues in third party reproduction:Local and global considerations

World Journal of Medical Genetics 2012年第1期2卷 1-8页

作者： Ilana b Ressler Ami S Jaeger steven R Lindheim Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and InfertilityCenter for Reproductive HealthUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45267United States bio Law Ethics Institute 7 Avenida Vista Grande205 Santa FeNM 87508United States

There continues to be an increase in utilization of assisted reproductive technology(ART), including the use of third party gametes. Specifically, the use of third party oocytes, most recently reported in 2010 by the United States(US) Center for Disease Control and Society of Reproductive Medicine, accounted for 15 504 cycles and 7334 live births. This translates into approximately 11% of all the in vitro fertilization cases performed in the US. As utilization increases and the technological tools advance, they have created underappreciated and unforeseen ethical quandaries. As such, many practitioners think they "have heard it all". However, each ART scenario is novel with the potential to pose complex unforeseen issues, potentially creating global challenges that could impact broad social and legal questions and test the moral consciousness' of practitioners, policymakers and patients. While there are published US national guidelines to assist practitioners, we have identified new complex issues in assisted reproduction that present unique challenges, and we give a perspective from oureyes in the Western Hemisphere looking out to a global level. Specifically, this review focuses on some of the more recent and evolving issues that currently are and will be confronting us in the upcoming years. Particular attention focuses on discrepancies between third party legal contracts and ART consents regarding level of information sharing, and oocyte and embryo directives and management; dilemmas and obligations surrounding disclosure of medical outcomes especially in the context of growing access to Direct to Consumer genetic testing and Reproductive Tourism-Exile. Given the complexity of these and other ethical questions, finding answers may be achieved by ending the isolation of reproductive professionals and instead promoting increased and consistent communication among physicians, embryologists, therapists and reproductive attorneys to confront these evolving ethical qu

关键词： Third party reproduction Oocyte donation Ethics

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溃疡性结肠炎

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英国医学杂志中文版 2017年第7期20卷 387-392页

作者： Alexander C Ford Paul Moayyedl steven b Hanauer Joseph b Kirsner 谭蓓吴东 Leeds Gastroenterology Institute St James's University Hospital Leeds LS9 7TF UK Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine Leeds University Leeds UK McMaster University Medical Centre Hamilton ON Canada University of Chicago 5481 S Maryland Ave Chicago IL USA 北京协和医院消化科

溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerativecolitis，uc）是一种消化道炎症性疾病，病变主要位于结直肠。UC好发于青年人，发达国家的人群患病率较高。UC表现为结直肠弥漫性、连续性浅表炎症，以及相应的组织学改变。下消化道内镜或影像检查可以明确诊... 详细信息

溃疡性结肠炎（ulcerativecolitis，uc）是一种消化道炎症性疾病，病变主要位于结直肠。UC好发于青年人，发达国家的人群患病率较高。UC表现为结直肠弥漫性、连续性浅表炎症，以及相应的组织学改变。下消化道内镜或影像检查可以明确诊断。目前尚未发现UC的明确病因，其发病机制与遗传易感个体的结肠内环境变化有关，具有慢性、终身、易复发的病程特点。

关键词：溃疡性结肠炎治疗方法消化系统医疗卫生行业

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Decreased Door to balloon Time: better Outcome for the Patient?

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2015年第3期5卷 49-52页

作者： steven b. Deutsch Eric L. Krivitsky University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine Tampa Florida USA

Recently the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association instituted DTb of 90 minutes or less as a class I recommendation. Since 2006 the percentage of patient meeting this metric has substantially increased, although research has demonstrated discrepancies in whether or not this objective is associated with better patient outcome. Here, we reviewed seven studies in effort to investigate the validity of the 90 minute or less door to balloon time. Our findings suggest that patient outcome in the setting of acute myocardial infarction is multifactorial, and while the door to balloon time metric likely has played a role in better patient outcomes it is not the sole factor in improving mortality rates.

关键词： Door to balloon Time 90 Minute Door to balloon Time Coronary Intervention Myocardial Infarction

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The Principles of Clinical Cytogenetics 2nd ed. 2005

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2005年

作者： steven L. Gersen Martha b. Keagle

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Application of SWAN model for storm generated wave simulation in the Canadian beaufort Sea

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2020年第1期5卷 19-34页

作者： Md.Azharul Hoque William Perrie steven M.Solomon Natural Resources Canada Bedford Institute of OceanographyDartmouthNova Scotia B2Y 4A2Canada Fisheries and Ocean Canada Bedford Institute of OceanographyDartmouthNova Scotia B2Y 4A2Canada

The wave model SWAN(Simulating WAves Nearshore)is implemented for the Canadian beaufort Sea and storm generated waves are investigated through comparisons between in situ buoy observations and numerical *** are performed for four storms using the SWAN wave *** specifically use SWAN’s non-stationary and two-dimensional modes in a fine resolution nested domain within a coarse resolution *** established whitecapping formulations in SWAN are examined;one is dependent on mean spectral wave steepness and the other is on local spectral *** simulations in the shallow fine resolution domain also consider the effects of bottom friction and nonlinear triad *** the beaufort Sea study area,wave simulations in which the white capping formulation is dependent on local spectral steepness are better than those where the dependency is on mean spectral steepness;however implementation of bottom friction term and triad mechanisms in the present study does not lead to any notable enhancement in the simulations.

关键词： Arctic Ocean beaufort Sea Mackenzie delta Storm waves SWAN.

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躯体的智慧

躯体的智慧

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1982年

作者： W.b.·坎农(W.b. cannon)

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异常热报告的确认

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电化学（中英文） 2024年第2期30卷 46-51页

作者： steven b.Krivit Melvin H.Miles New Energy Times 369-B 3rd St.#556San RafaelCA94901USA University of La Verne(Retired) 19503rd StLa VerneCA 91750USA

本文首次确认Nathan Lewis及其合作者于1989年5月1日在美国马里兰州巴尔的摩举行的美国物理学会(APS)会议上所犯的关键计算错误。Lewis等人分析了Martin Fleischmann及其合作者报告的9轮实验中的热测量结果,并报告在没有催化复合的情况... 详细信息

本文首次确认Nathan Lewis及其合作者于1989年5月1日在美国马里兰州巴尔的摩举行的美国物理学会(APS)会议上所犯的关键计算错误。Lewis等人分析了Martin Fleischmann及其合作者报告的9轮实验中的热测量结果,并报告在没有催化复合的情况下每轮实验都显示出异常的热功率损失。而本文使用相同的原始数据,经过正确的计算,再次确认每轮实验都显示出异常的功率增益。因此,这些数据意味着可能存在一种能产生能量的新物理现象。

关键词：低能核反应 LENR 超热

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Financing Disaster Risk Reduction:Exploring the Opportunities,Challenges,and Threats Within the Southern African Development Community Region

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第3期14卷 398-412页

作者： Christo Coetzee Sizwile Khoza Livhuwani D.Nemakonde Lesego b.Shoroma Gideon W.Wentink Maynard Nyirenda steven Chikuse Tchaka Kamanga Kgosietsile Maripe Morenaogaufi J.Rankopo Lengwe-Katembula Mwansa Dewald Van Niekerk African Centre for Disaster Studies Unit for Environmental Science and ManagementNorth-West UniversityPotchefstroom 2520North West ProvinceSouth Africa Sustainable Growth and Development Initiative Blantyre 312200Malawi Department of Social Work University of BotswanaGaboroneBotswana

The Southern African Development Community(SADC)region,a regional economic body comprised of 16 member states,is one of our planet's most vulnerable regions to natural hazards,and has a complex disaster risk *** region has sustained several disasters over the past *** events include annual floods in 2004-2019 and extreme droughts(1990-1993);other climate-induced disasters,such as cyclones,also have had devastating impacts,particularly on the Indian Ocean island states and east coast *** reduce the risk and impacts of dis asters,governments must invest in disaster risk reduction(DRR).However,interventions aimed at reducing social and economic vulnerability and investing in longterm mitigation activities are often few,poorly funded,and insignificant in comparison with money spent on humanitarian assistance,dis aster relief,and post-disaster *** study investigated whether DRR is adequately funded within SADC member states in light of the high stakes in human life,infrastructure,and economic losses and the potential savings *** study applied a qualitative research design with data collected through semistructured interviews and focus group *** were selected purposefully and through snowball sampling with a total of 67 respondents from botswana,Eswatini,Namibia,South Africa,and Zimbabwe participating in the *** study findings reveal that DRR is inadequately funded in all the member states consulted in comparison to funding allocated to disaster *** light of the underfunding experienced by DRR activities,this study provides a platform for lobbying and advocacy for adequate funding for DRR.

关键词： budget allocations Disaster impacts Disaster risk reduction Southern African Development Community

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NADPH oxidase-1 deficiency offers little protection in Salmonella typhimurium-induced typhlitis in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第46期22卷 10158-10165页

作者： Fong-Fong Chu R steven Esworthy James H Doroshow binghui Shen Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Center for Cancer Research and Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis National Cancer Institute

AIM To test whether Nox1 plays a role in typhlitis induced by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium(S. Tm) in a mouse *** Eight-week-old male wild-type(WT) and Nox1 knockout(KO) C57bL6/J(b6) mice were administered metronidazole water for 4 d to make them susceptible to S. Tm infection by the oral route. The mice were given plain water and administered with 4 different doses of S. Tm by oral gavage. The mice were followed for another 4 d. From the time of the metronidazole application, the mice were observed twice daily and weighed daily. The ileum, cecum and colon were removed for sampling at the fourth day post-inoculation. Portions of all three tissues were fixed for histology and placed in RNAlater for m RNA/c DNA preparation and quantitative real-time PCR. The contents of the cecum were recovered for estimation of S. Tm *** We found Nox1-knockout(Nox1-KO) mice were not more sensitive to S. Tm colonization and infection than WT b6 mice. This conclusion is based on the following observations:(1) S. Tm-infection induced similar weight loss in Nox1-KO mice compared to WT mice;(2) the same S. Tm CFU was recovered from the cecal content of Nox1-KO and WT mice regardless of the inoculation dose, except the lowest inoculation dose(2 × 106 CFU) for which the Nox1-KO had one-log lower CFU than WT mice;(3) there is no difference in cecal pathology between WT and Nox1-KO groups; and(4) there are no S. Tm infection-induced changes in gene expression levels(IL-1b, TNF-α, and Duox2) between WT and Nox1-KO groups. The Alpi gene expression was more suppressed by S. Tm treatment in WT than the Nox1-KO cecum. CONCLUSION Nox1 does not protect mice from S. Tm colonization. Nox1-KO provides a very minor protective effect against S. Tm infection. Using NOX1-specific inhibitors for colitis therapy should not increase risks in bacterial infection.

关键词： Knockout mouse NADPH Oxidase-1 Salmonella typhimurium Goblet cells Reactive oxygen species

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Spin probes for electron paramagnetic resonance imaging

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Chinese Science bulletin 2008年第24期53卷 3777-3789页

作者： YAN GuoPing PENG Lei JIAN ShuangQuan LI Liang bOTTLE steven Eric School of Material Science and Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan 430073 China School of Physical and Chemical Sciences Queensland University of Technology GPO Box 2434 Brisbane Q4001 Australia

Electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI) is a relatively recent imaging technique, which provides potentially multidimensional imaging of the spatial distribution of paramagnetic species. Thanks to the use of stable spin probes, low frequency EPR imaging has recently allowed the use of large tissue samples or whole animals in vivo in the field of biology and medicine. It is normally necessary to introduce prior intravenous or intramuscular infusion of stable or slowly metabolizable non-toxic water-soluble paramagnetic materials, or stable implantable particulate materials as spin probes into the system. The classification and research progress of spin probes at present were described briefly. Three important potential approaches in water-soluble paramagnetic materials design including deuterated, site-specific and macromolecular conjugated nitroxides were also investigated.

关键词：顺磁共振成像旋转探头氘化大分子化合物

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