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Stability of unicortical locked fixation versus bicortical non-locked fixation for forearm fractures

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Bone Research 2014年第2期2卷 131-135页

作者： Timothy J Pater steve I Grindel Gregory J Schmeling Mei Wang Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI USA Orthopaedic & Rehabilitation Engineering Center Marquette University Milwaukee WI USA

Locking plate fixation is being widely applied for fixation of forearm fractures and has many potential advantages, such as fixed angle fixation and improved construct stability, especially in osteoporotic bone. Biomechanical data comparing locking devices to commonly used Low Contact Dynamic Compression （LCDCP） plates for the fixation of forearm fractures has been lacking. The purpose of this study was to compare the fixation stability of a 3.5-mm unicortical locked plate with bicortical non-locked LCDCP plates. Six matched pairs of fresh frozen cadaveric forearms were randomly assigned to unicortical locked and bicortical unlocked groups. Non-destructive four-point bending and torsional test was performed on the ulna and radius separately, using a servohydraulic testing system to obtain construct stiffness of the intact specimens and specimens after osteotomy and plating. The specimens were then loaded to failure to test the fixation strength. The locked unicortical fixation showed significantly higher bending stiffness than the unlocked bicortical fixation, but with significantly lower stiffness and strength in torsion. Fixation strength was comparable between the two groups under bending, but significantly greater in the bicortical non-locked group under torsion. Findings from this study suggest that postoperative rehabilitation protocols may need modification to limit torsional loading in the early stage when using locked unicortical fixation. The study also points out the potential advantage of a hybrid fixation that combines locked unicortical and unlocked bicortical screws.

关键词： Stability of unicortical locked fixation versus bicortical non-locked fixation for forearm fractures

Widely tunable/wavelength-swept SLM fiber laser with ultra-narrow linewidth and ultra-high OSNR

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Optoelectronics Letters 2016年第6期12卷 433-436页

作者：冯亭丁东亮刘鹏苏红新 YAO X.steve Hebei Key Laboratory of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials Photonics Information Innovation CenterCollege of Physics Science and TechnologyHebei UniversityBaoding 071002China College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Xingtai UniversityXingtai 054001China General Photonics Corporation Chino 91710USA

We propose and demonstrate a novel single-longitudinal-mode(SLM) erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL) capable of operating at fixed-wavelength lasing mode with a tunable range more than 54 nm, an ultra-narrow linewidth of 473 Hz and an ultra-high optical signal-to-noise ratio(OSNR) more than 72 dB, or operating at wavelength-swept mode with tunable sweep rate of 10—200 Hz and a sweep range more than 50 nm. The excellent features mainly benefit from a triple-ring subring cavity constructed by three optical couplers nested one another and a fiber Fabry-Pérot tunable filter which can be driven by a constant voltage or a periodic sweep voltage for fixed or wavelength-swept operation, respectively. The proposed EDFL has potential applications in high-resolution spectroscopy and fiber optic sensing.

关键词： tunable OSNR narrow lasing longitudinal triple capable Fabry sweep coupler

FAK and Pyk2 in disease

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Frontiers in Biology 2016年第1期11卷 1-9页

作者： James M. Murphy Hyeonsoo Park Ssang-Taek steve Lim Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Medicine University of South Alabama Mobile Alabama 36688 USA

Focal adhesion kinase （FAK） and proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 （Pyk2） are non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases that are involved in cell proliferation, migration and survival. Current research of FAK and Pyk2 is greatly focused in cancer biology and several small molecule inhibitors are being tested under clinical development. Like cancer, certain chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, bone disease, fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurological disorders, share malignant characteristics of cancer. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that FAK and Pyk2 contribute to other proliferative and degenerative diseases. Thus, the goal of this review is to briefly highlight studies that have implicated FAK and Pyk2 as players in disease progression.

关键词： FAK Pyk2 FRNK disease

DELTA WINGLETS FOR ENHANCING SOLAR ENERGY:TURBULENT STRAIN RATE-HEAT CONVECTION RELATIONSHIP

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Journal of Green Building 2021年第2期16卷 97-114页

作者： Yang Yang Siddharth Koushik Mohanakrishnan David S-K.Ting steve Ray Turbulence and Energy Laboratory University of WindsorONCanada Essex Energy OldcastleONCanada

Delta winglets are an effective means for enhancing heat exchange and thus the performance of renewable energy technologies,including solar energy.A pair of 0.1 mm thick,15 mm high(h)and 30 mm long aluminum winglets separated with transversal spacing,s,of 2h,h and 0 were scrutinized in a closed-loop wind tunnel at a Reynolds number based on h of *** turbulent flow was characterized using a 3D hotwire probe,and the heat convection augmentation was quantified in terms of the normalized Nusselt number(Nu/Nu0),indicating the heat transfer improve-ment compared to the reference case without the *** interaction of the organized counter-rotational vortices intensifies and they become indiscernible at s=*** peak strain rate at 10h downstream increased from 390 s^(–1),to 478 s^(–1),to 514 s^(–1),when the spacing decreased from 2h to h to 0,*** zero-spaced winglet pair provided the largest Nu/Nu0,of around 1.21,at X/h=10 and Y/h=0,approximately 21%higher than that of 2h-spaced winglet pair,due to the strongest strain rate and the absence of upwash *** the other hand,the 2h-spaced winglet pair provided the largest span-averaged Nu/Nu0,which is of practical significance.

关键词： delta-winglet pair turbulent strain rate heat transfer enhancement

Ex vivo testing of intact eye globes under inflation conditions to determine regional variation of mechanical stiffness

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Eye and Vision 2016年第1期3卷 166-177页

作者： Charles Whitford Akram Joda steve Jones Fangjun Bao Paolo Rama Ahmed Elsheikh School of Engineering University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693GHUK Department of Mechanical Engineering King Faisal UniversityHofufSaudi Arabia Eye Hospital WenZhou Medical UniversityWenZhouChina Ophthalmology Department San Raffaelle HospitalMilanItaly National Institute for Health Research(NIHR)Biomedical Research Centre at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology LondonUK

Background:The eye globe exhibits significant regional variation of mechanical *** aim of this present study is to develop a new experimental technique for testing intact eye globes in a form that is representative of in vivo conditions,and therefore suitable for determining the material properties of the complete outer ocular ***:A test rig has been developed to provide closed-loop control of either applied intra-ocular pressure or resulting apical displacement;measurement of displacements across the external surface of the eye globe using high-resolution digital cameras and digital image correlation software;prevention of rigid-body motion and protection of the ocular surface from environmental *** method has been demonstrated on one human and one porcine eye globe,which were cyclically *** element models based on specimen specific tomography,free from rotational symmetry,were used along with experimental pressure-displacement data in an inverse analysis process to derive the mechanical properties of tissue in different regions of the eye’s outer ***:The test method enabled monitoring of mechanical response to intraocular pressure variation across the surface of the eye *** the two eyes tested,the method showed a gradual change in the sclera’s stiffness from a maximum at the limbus to a minimum at the posterior pole,while in the cornea the stiffness was highest at the centre and lowest in the peripheral ***,for both the sclera and cornea,the load–displacement behaviour did not vary significantly between loading ***:The first methodology capable of mechanically testing intact eye globes,with applied loads and boundary conditions that closely represent in vivo conditions is *** method enables determination of the regional variation in mechanical behaviour across the ocular surface.

关键词： Ocular biomechanics Experimental testing Digital image correlation

A flexible ECG patch compatible with NFC RF communication

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npj Flexible Electronics 2020年第1期4卷 126-133页

作者： Mohammad Zulqarnain Stefano Stanzione steve Smout Myriam Willegems Kris Myny Eugenio Cantatore Integrated Circuits Group Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenThe Netherlands Holst Centre/imec EindhovenThe Netherlands imec LeuvenBelgium

With the advent of the internet of things,flexible wearable devices are gaining significant research interest,as they are unobtrusive,comfortable to wear and can support continuous observation of physiological signals,helping to monitor wellness or diagnose *** Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide(a-IGZO)Thin Film Transistors(TFTs)fabricated on flexible substrates are an attractive option to build such bio-signal monitoring systems due to their flexibility,conformability to the human body,and low *** paper presents a flexible electrocardiogram(ECG)patch implemented on foil with self-aligned IGZO TFTs,which is capable to acquire the ECG signals,amplify them and convert them to a sequence of *** analogue frontend has a measured input-referred noise of 8μV_(rms) in the 1-100 Hz *** system achieves experimentally 67.4 dB CMRR,58.9 dB PSRR,and 16.5 MΩinput impedance at 50 Hz while using 1 kHz *** signal from the electrodes is transformed to a 105.9-kb/s Manchester-encoded serial bit stream which could be sent wirelessly to a smart phone via Near Field Communication(NFC)for further *** consumption is 15.4 mW for the digital and 280μW for the analogue *** contribution shows the fundamental steps to demonstrate intelligent plasters for biomedical applications based on flexible electronics providing an NFC-compatible digital output bit stream.

关键词： NFC communication patch

EDCMS:A Content Management System for Engineering Documents

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2007年第1期4卷 56-70页

作者： Chris McMahon Mansur Darlington steve Culley Peter Wild Department of Mechanical Engineering University of BathClaverton DownBath BA2 7AYUK

Engineers often need to look for the right pieces of information by sifting through long engineering documents, It is a very tiring and time-consuming job. To address this issue, researchers are increasingly devoting their attention to new ways to help information users, including engineers, to access and retrieve document content. The research reported in this paper explores how to use the key technologies of document decomposition （study of document structure）, document mark-up （with EXtensible Mark- up Language （XML）, HyperText Mark-up Language （HTML）, and Scalable Vector Graphics （SVG））, and a facetted classification mechanism. Document content extraction is implemented via computer programming （with Java）. An Engineering Document Content Management System （EDCMS） developed in this research demonstrates that as information providers we can make document content in a more accessible manner for information users including engineers.The main features of the EDCMS system are： 1） EDCMS is a system that enables users, especially engineers, to access and retrieve information at content rather than document level. In other words, it provides the right pieces of information that answer specific questions so that engineers don＇t need to waste time sifting through the whole document to obtain the required piece of information. 2） Users can use the EDCMS via both the data and metadata of a document to access engineering document content. 3） Users can use the EDCMS to access and retrieve content objects, i.e. text, images and graphics （including engineering drawings） via multiple views and at different granularities based on decomposition schemes. Experiments with the EDCMS have been conducted on semi-structured documents, a textbook of CADCAM, and a set of project posters in the Engineering Design domain. Experimental results show that the system provides information users with a powerful solution to access document content.

关键词： Document content management engineering design decomposition schemes document mark-up facetted classification.

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铝合金激光双光点焊接工艺特性

焊接学报 2007年第4期28卷 108-112页

作者：姚伟巩水利 steve Shi 北京航空制造工程研究所高能束流加工技术国防科技重点实验室北京100024 英国焊接研究所

对铝合金薄板激光单光点和双光点焊接(包括不填丝和填丝)的焊缝成形、对接间隙和准直度容许裕度以及气孔状况进行了比较,并分析了双光点能量分布的激光对铝合金焊接的影响。结果表明,与激光单光点焊接相比,激光双光点焊接铝合金所得焊... 详细信息

对铝合金薄板激光单光点和双光点焊接(包括不填丝和填丝)的焊缝成形、对接间隙和准直度容许裕度以及气孔状况进行了比较,并分析了双光点能量分布的激光对铝合金焊接的影响。结果表明,与激光单光点焊接相比,激光双光点焊接铝合金所得焊缝表面质量更好,焊缝熔宽更大,对接间隙和准直度容许裕度明显放宽。激光双光点焊接铝合金可以显著减少焊缝中大气孔的数量,但对焊缝中小气孔数量的影响不明显。此外,填加焊丝可以进一步改善焊缝表面质量并放宽对接间隙和准直度容许裕度,但将增大焊缝产生大气孔的倾向,采用激光双光点焊接仍可使焊缝中大气孔的数量明显减少。

关键词：激光焊接单光点双光点填加焊丝铝合金

基于像元和对象分类的城区植被高分辨率遥感制图比较研究

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应用基础与工程科学学报 2011年第3期19卷 441-448页

作者：谭衢霖 steve Johansen 北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院北京100044 西安大略大学地理系加拿大安大略

本研究利用高空间分辨率遥感影像和LiDAR数据,参照美国USGS植被分类体系,在两种不同分类层次上,评价了基于像元和基于对象分类两种方法的城区植被覆盖专题制图效果.采用传统的基于像元监督最大似然分类时,在下层分类层次,分类总精度仅为... 详细信息

本研究利用高空间分辨率遥感影像和LiDAR数据,参照美国USGS植被分类体系,在两种不同分类层次上,评价了基于像元和基于对象分类两种方法的城区植被覆盖专题制图效果.采用传统的基于像元监督最大似然分类时,在下层分类层次,分类总精度仅为70.5%,Kappa系数为63.5%.当在上层分类层次进行分类时,分类精度相对下层分类层次有明显提高,总精度达84%,Kappa系数为75.8%.而采用面向对象的分类方法时,在下层分类层次,分类总精度为86%,Kappa系数为82.3%.在上层分类层次,总精度达90.8%,Kappa系数为86.2%.研究结果表明,在城区两种不同植被分类层次,面向对象分类结果都取得了优于基于像元的分类结果.

关键词：高分辨率影像城区植被分类制图