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Zwitterion-doped liquid crystal speckle reducers for immersive displays and vectorial imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第11期12卷 2363-2377页

作者： Yihan Jin Nathan P.Spiller Chao He Grahame Faulkner martin J.Booth Steve J.Elston stephen m.morris Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PJUK

Lasers possess many attractive features(e.g.,high brightness,narrow linewidth,well-defined polarization)that make them the ideal illumination source for many different scientific and technological endeavors relating to imaging and the display of high-resolution ***,their high-level of coherence can result in the formation of noise,referred to as speckle,that can corrupt and degrade ***,we demonstrate a new electro-optic technology for combatting laser speckle using a chiral nematic liquid crystal(LC)dispersed with zwitterionic *** are presented that demonstrate when driven at the optimum electric field conditions,the speckle noise can be reduced by>90%resulting in speckle contrast(C)values of C=0.07,which is approaching that required to be imperceptible to the human *** LC technology is then showcased in an array of different display and imaging applications,including a demonstration of speckle reduction in modern vectorial laser-based imaging.

关键词： polarization speckle crystal

Hepatocytes isolated from neoplastic liver-immunomagnetic purging as a new source for transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第32期14卷 5025-5031页

作者： Aravin Gunasegaram Javed Akhter Peng Yao Loreena A Johnson stephen m Riodan David L morris University of New South Wales Department of Surgery St George Hospital Sydney 2044 Australia Gastrointestinal and Liver Unit Prince of Wales Hospital University of New South Wales Sydney 2044 Australia

AIm： To investigate whether hepatocytes isolated from macroscopically normal liver during hepatic resection for neoplasia could provide a novel source of healthy hepatocytes, including the development of reliable protocols for malignant cells removal from the hepatocyte preparation. mETHODS： Hepatocytes were procured from resected liver of 18 patients with liver tumors using optimised digestion and cell-enrichment protocols. Suspensions of various known quantities of the HT-29 tumor cell line and patient hepatocytes were treated or not with Ep-CAm-antibody-coated immunomagnetic beads in order to investigate the efficacy of tumor-purging by immunomagnetic depletion, using a semi-quantitative RT-PCR method developed to detect tumor cells. Immunomagnetic bead-treated or bead-untreated tumor cell-hepatocyte suspensions were transplanted intra-peritoneally in Balb/C nude mice to assess the rates of tumor development. RESULTS： mean viable hepatocyte yield was 9.3×10^6 cells per gram of digested liver with mean viability of 70.5%. Immunomagnetic depletion removed tumor cells to below the RT-PCR detection-threshold of 1 tumor cell in 10^6 hepatocytes, representing a maximum tumor purging efficacy of greater than 400000-fold. Transplanted, immunomagnetic bead-purged tumor cell-hepatocyte suspensions did not form peritoneal tumors in Balb/C nude mice. Co-transplantation of hepatocytes with tumor cells did not increase tumorigenesis of the tumor cells. CONCLUSION： Immunomagnetic depletion appears to be an effective method of purging contaminating tumor cells to below threshold for likely tumorigenesis. Along with improved techniques for isolation of large numbers of viable hepatocytes, normal liver resected for neoplasia has potential as another clinically useful source of hepatocytes for transplantation.

关键词： Hepatocyte transplantation Immuno-magnetic purging Isolation of hepatocytes

Biochar improves diary pasture yields by alleviating P and K constraints with no influence on soil respiration or N2O emissions

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Biochar 2019年第1期1卷 115-126页

作者： Lukas van Zwieten stephen Kimber stephen morris Lynne m.macdonald Josh Rust Scott Petty stephen Joseph Terry Rose NSW Department of Primary Industries 1243 Bruxner HighwayWollongbar 2477NSWAustralia CSIRO Land and Water Agriculture and Food/Sustainable Agricultural Flagship UrrbraeSA 5064Australia School of materials Science and Engineering University of New South WalesKensington 2033NSWAustralia Southern Cross Plant Science Southern Cross UniversityLismore 2480NSWAustralia Centre for Organics Research Southern Cross UniversityLismore 2480NSWAustralia

Dairy pastures can be a major source of soil nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions due to the combination of intensive nitrogen(N)fertiliser use and high soil water content,from either rainfall and/or *** application is a promising approach to lower soil greenhouse gas emissions,particularly under high soil moisture conditions where denitrification is the primary N-transformation *** a replicated field trial,we evaluated the effects of two contrasting biochars derived from poul-try litter and from hardwood on soil N_(2)O emissions,soil ammonium(NH4^(+))and nitrate(NO3^(−))status,pasture productivity and herbage nutrient content.A liming treatment to mimic the liming equivalence of the poultry litter biochar was used to separate any effects observed from changes in soil *** further separate the effects of biochars on soil N status,N_(2)O emissions and pasture N uptake,high and low N fertiliser doses(annual application of 672 kg N ha^(−1),336 kg N ha^(−1))were superimposed across all of the *** N fertiliser dose had no significant impact on pasture *** of poultry litter biochar resulted in significant increases in pasture productivity under both high and low N *** was achieved by alleviating soil P,and possibly K nutritional constraints that are typical in Australian *** the high N fertiliser dose,emissions of N_(2)O from the treatments and control were not significantly different(p>0.05)and ranged between 1.14 and 1.78 kg N_(2)O-N ha^(−1)across the 11-month *** low N dose resulted in significantly lower emissions of N_(2)O of between 0.80 and 0.84 kg N_(2)O-N ha^(−1),but biochar had no significant effect on net emissions across the *** lack of impact of biochar on N_(2)O emissions was attributed to the relatively dry conditions over the trial period resulting in nitrification being the most likely N-transformation *** brief episodes of high soil moisture,peak emissions from the bio

关键词： Ferralsol Autochamber methodology Nitrification Urea Lime Poultry litter biochar Hardwood biochar Emission intensity

munc18/SNARE proteins’ regulation of exocytosis in guinea pig duodenal Brunner’s gland acini

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第15期14卷 2314-2322页

作者： Laura I Cosen-Binker Gerry P morris stephen Vanner Herbert Y Gaisano Department of medicine University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 1A8 Canada Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Unit Queen's University Kingston Ontario KL7 5G2 Canada

AIm: To examine the molecular mechanism of exocytosis in the Brunner’s gland acinar cell. mETHODS: We used a submucosal preparation of guinea pig duodenal Brunner’s gland acini to visualize the dilation of the ductal lumen in response to cholinergic stimulus. We correlated this to electron microscopy to determine the extent of exocytosis of the mucin-filled vesicles. We then examined the behavior of SNARE and interacting munc18 proteins by confocal microscopy. RESULTS: One and 6 μmol/L carbachol evoked a dose- dependent dilation of Brunner’s gland acini lumen, which correlated to the massive exocytosis of mucin. munc18c and its cognate SNARE proteins Syntaxin-4 and SNAP-23 were localized to the apical plasma membrane, and upon cholinergic stimulation, munc18c was displaced into the cytosol leaving Syntaxin-4 and SNAP-23 intact. CONCLUSION: Physiologic cholinergic stimulation induces munc18c displacement from the Brunner’s gland acinar apical plasma membrane, which enables apical membrane Syntaxin-4 and SNAP-23 to form a SNARE complex with mucin-filled vesicle SNARE proteins to affect exocytosis.

关键词： Apical exocytosis Brunner's gland acini munc18c Syntaxin-4 Carbachol

Radial artery access site complications during cardiac procedures,clinical implications and potential solutions: The role of nitric oxide

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第1期12卷 26-34页

作者： Emma m Coghill Timothy Johnson Russell E morris Ian L megson stephen J Leslie Free Radical Research Facility Division of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of the Highlands and IslandsInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom Johnson matthey Technology Centre Blount’s CourtSonning CommonReading RG49NHUnited Kingdom School of Chemistry University of St.AndrewsSt Andrews KY169STUnited Kingdom Department of Cardiology NHS HighlandInverness IV23UJUnited Kingdom

Percutaneous coronary intervention for the treatment of coronary artery disease is most commonly performed in the UK through the radial artery,as this is considered to be safer than the femoral ***,despite improvements in technology and techniques,complications can *** most common complication,arterial spasm,can cause intense pain and,in some cases,procedural *** incidence of spasm is dependent on several variables,including operator experience,artery size,and equipment *** antispasmolytic cocktail can be applied to reduce spasm,which usually includes an exogenous nitric oxide(NO)donor(glyceryl trinitrate).NO is an endogenous local vasodilator and therefore is a potential target for anti-spasm ***,systemic administration can result in unwanted side-effects,such as hypotension.A method that adopts local delivery of NO might be *** review article describes the mechanisms involved in radial artery spasm,discusses the advantages and disadvantages of current strategies to reduce spasm,and highlight the potential of NO-loaded nanoporous materials for use in this setting.

关键词： Radial artery Cannulation Spasm Nitric oxide Vasodilation Nanoporous material

Overcoming maladaptive plasticity through plastic compensation

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Current Zoology 2013年第4期59卷 526-536页

作者： matthew R.J. morris Sean m. ROGERS Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada T2N 1N4

most species evolve within fluctuating environments, and have developed adaptations to meet the challenges posed by environmental heterogeneity. One such adaptation is phenotypic plasticity, or the ability of a single genotype to produce multiple environmentally-induced phenotypes. Yet, not all plasticity is adaptive. Despite the renewed interest in adaptive phenotypic plas- ticity and its consequences for evolution, much less is known about maladaptive plasticity. However, maladaptive plasticity is likely an important driver of phenotypic similarity among populations living in different environments. This paper traces four strategies for overcoming maladaptive plasticity that result in phenotypic similarity, two of which involve genetic changes （standing genetic variation, genetic compensation） and two of which do not （standing epigenetic variation, plastic compensation）. Plastic compensation is defined as adaptive plasticity overcoming maladaptive plasticity. In particular, plastic compensation may increase the likelihood of genetic compensation by facilitating population persistence. We provide key terms to disentangle these aspects of phenotypic plasticity and introduce examples to reinforce the potential importance of plastic compensation for under- standing evolutionary change

关键词： Homeostasis Canalization Ecological speciation Standing genetic variation Genetic compensation Countergradi-ent variation

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用近红外光谱测定棉织物上多羧酸含量

国外纺织技术（化纤．染整．环境保护分册） 1996年第2期 43-46页

作者： Nancy m.morris 杜爱国

随着人们对甲醛致癌性的认识,无甲醛耐久压烫后整理的开发变得越来越重要。最新的研究表明,多羧酸如BTCA和柠檬酸可以在无机亚磷酸盐的催化下用于棉织物整理。这种整理能赋予织物洗可穿特性和良好的强度保留,而无甲醛的危害。

关键词：棉织物整理多羧酸近红外光谱测定

Galactic center research:manifestations of the central black hole

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第8期12卷 995-1020页

作者： mark R.morris Leo meyer Andrea m.Ghez Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaLos Angeles 90095-1547USA

This review summarizes a few of the frontiers of Galactic center research that are currently the focus of considerable activity and attention. It is aimed at pro- viding a necessarily incomplete sketch of some of the timely work being done on phenomena taking place in, or originating in, the central few parsecs of the Galaxy, with particular attention to topics related to the Galactic black hole （GBH）. We have chosen to expand on the following exciting topics： 1） the characterization and the im- plications for the variability of emission from the GBH, 2） the strong evidence for a powerful X-ray flare in the Galactic center within the past few hundred years, and the likelihood that the GBH is implicated in that event, 3） the prospects for detecting the ＂shadow＂ of the GBH, 4） an overview of the current state of research on the central S-star cluster, and what has been learned from the stellar orbits within that cluster, and 5） the current hypotheses for the origin of the G2 dust cloud that is projected to make a close passage by the GBH in 2013.

关键词： Galaxy: center -- black hole physics -- X-rays -- infrared radiation --ISm: clouds

Functional Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Assessment of Osteoporosis:A Clinical Feasibility Study

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2020年第1期1卷 35-49页

作者： Ting Feng Yunhao Zhu Richard morris Kenneth m.Kozloff Xueding Wang Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Medical SchoolMI 48109USA IF LLCWI 53589USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Michigan Medical SchoolMI 48109USA Department of Radiology University of Michigan Medical SchoolMI 48109USA

Objective and Impact *** study the feasibility of combined functional photoacoustic(PA)and quantitative ultrasound(US)for diagnosis of osteoporosis in vivo based on the detection of chemical and microarchitecture(BmA)information in calcaneus *** available X-ray or US technologies for the diagnosis of osteoporosis do not report important parameters such as chemical information and *** unique advantages,including good sensitivity to molecular and metabolic properties,PA bone assessment techniques hold a great potential for clinical *** performing multiwavelength PA measurements,the chemical information in the human calcaneus bone,including mineral,lipid,oxygenated-hemoglobin,and deoxygenated-hemoglobin,were *** parallel,by performing PA spectrum analysis,the BmA as an important bone physical property was *** unpaired t-test and a two-way ANOVA test were conducted to compare the outcomes from the two subject *** PA measurement is capable of assessing the relative contents of several chemical components in the trabecular bone in vivo,including both minerals and organic materials such as oxygenated-hemoglobin,deoxygenated-hemoglobin,and lipid,which are relevant to metabolic activities and bone *** addition,PA measurements of BmA show good correlations(R^(2)up to 0.65)with *** the chemical and microarchitectural measurements from PA techniques can differentiate the two subject *** results from this initial clinical study suggest that PA techniques,by providing additional chemical and microarchitecture information relevant to bone health,may lead to accurate and early diagnosis,as well as sensitive monitoring of the treatment of osteoporosis.

关键词： diagnosis Clinical architectural