Overcoming maladaptive plasticity through plastic compensation
Overcoming maladaptive plasticity through plastic compensation作者机构：Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada T2N 1N4
出 版 物：《Current Zoology》 (动物学报（英文版）)
年 卷 期：2013年第59卷第4期
页 面：526-536页
核心收录：
学科分类：080503[工学-材料加工工程] 08[工学] 09[农学] 0903[农学-农业资源与环境] 0805[工学-材料科学与工程（可授工学、理学学位）]
基 金：Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures New Faculty Award Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Alberta Innovates - Technology Futures Ingenuity Scholarship Alberta Conservation Association
主 题：Homeostasis Canalization Ecological speciation Standing genetic variation Genetic compensation Countergradi-ent variation
摘 要：Most species evolve within fluctuating environments, and have developed adaptations to meet the challenges posed by environmental heterogeneity. One such adaptation is phenotypic plasticity, or the ability of a single genotype to produce multiple environmentally-induced phenotypes. Yet, not all plasticity is adaptive. Despite the renewed interest in adaptive phenotypic plas- ticity and its consequences for evolution, much less is known about maladaptive plasticity. However, maladaptive plasticity is likely an important driver of phenotypic similarity among populations living in different environments. This paper traces four strategies for overcoming maladaptive plasticity that result in phenotypic similarity, two of which involve genetic changes （standing genetic variation, genetic compensation） and two of which do not （standing epigenetic variation, plastic compensation）. Plastic compensation is defined as adaptive plasticity overcoming maladaptive plasticity. In particular, plastic compensation may increase the likelihood of genetic compensation by facilitating population persistence. We provide key terms to disentangle these aspects of phenotypic plasticity and introduce examples to reinforce the potential importance of plastic compensation for under- standing evolutionary change
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