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Helicobacter pylori : Friend or foe?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 8979-8985页

作者： stephen david howard malnick Ehud Melzer Malka Attali Gabriel Duek Jacob Yahav Department of Internal Medicine C Kaplan Medical Center Gastroenterology Institute Kaplan Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine B Kaplan Medical Center Kaplan Medical Center Affiliated to the Hebrew University

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) is a Gram-negative spiral bacterium that is present in nearly half the world's population. It is the major cause of peptic ulcer disease and a recognized cause of gastric carcinoma. In addition, it is linked to non-ulcer dyspepsia, vitamin B12 deficiency, iron-deficient anemia and immune thrombocytopenic purpura. These conditions are indications for testing and treatment according to current guidelines. An additional indication according to the guidelines is "anyone with a fear of gastric cancer" which results in nearly every infected person being eligible for eradication treatment. There may be beneficial effects of H. pylori in humans, including protection from gastroesophageal reflux disease and esophageal adenocarcinoma. In addition, universal treatment will be extremely expensive(more than $32 billion in the United States), may expose the patients to adverse effects such as anaphylaxis and Clostridium difficile infection, as well as contributing to antibiotic resistance. There may also be an as yet uncertain effect on the fecal microbiome. There is a need for robust clinical data to assist in decision-making regarding treatment of H. pylori infection.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Treatment Cost Benefit Cancer

From non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease:Rationale and implications for the new terminology

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第6期16卷 863-866页

作者： stephen david howard malnick Doron Zamir Department of Internal Medicine C Kaplan Medical CenterRehovot 76100Israel Department of Internal Medicine D Barzilai Medical CenterAshkelon 7830604Israel

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)was the term first used to describe hepatic steatosis in patients with the metabolic syndrome who did not consume excess amounts of *** liver disease(ALD)has many similarities to NAFLD in both pathogenesis and *** entity is now the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide as a consequence of the epidemic of *** to incorporate the importance of the metabolic syndrome in the development of steatosis resulted in the renaming of NAFLD as metabolic-associated fatty liver *** new term,however,has the disadvantage of the use of terms that may be perceived as *** terms fatty and non-alcoholic have negative connotations in many *** addition,non-alcoholic is not usually a term applicable to pediatric cases of hepatic ***,an international collaborative effort,with participants from 56 countries,after a global consultation process,recommended to change the nomenclature to steatotic liver disease-including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease,metabolic-associated steatohepatitis and metabolic dysfunction-associated *** new terminology is consistent with most of the previously published epidemiological studies and will have a major impact on research into diagnosis,prognosis and treatment.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Steatosis metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease Nomenclature

An In Vivo Experimental Validation of a Computational Model of Human Foot

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2009年第4期6卷 387-397页

作者： Christopher J.Nester david howard Centre for Health Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences ResearchUniversity of Salford Salford M5 4WTUK

Reliable computational foot models offer an alternative means to enhance knowledge on the biomechanics of human foot. Model validation is one of the most critical aspects of the entire foot modeling and analysis *** paper presents an in vivo experiment combining motion capture system and plantar pressure measure platform to validate a three-dimensional finite element model of human *** Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)slices for the foot modeling and the experimental data for validation were both collected from the same volunteer *** validated components included the comparison of static model predictions of plantar force,plantar pressure and foot surface deformation during six loading conditions,to equivalent measured *** the whole experiment,foot surface deformation,plantar force and plantar pressure were recorded simultaneously during six different loaded standing *** predictions of the current FE model were in good agreement with these experimental results.

关键词： human foot computational model plantar pressure

Geometric design of crab-like climbing and walking robots

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2004年第4期1卷 231-240页

作者： david howard School of Computing Science & Engineering University of SalfordSalford M5 4WT UK

This paper considers the geometric design of crab-like walkers and climbers, without decoupling leg design from overall machine design. Crab-like machines represent an important sub-class of multi-legged robots, being particularly well suited to crossing difficult terrains. Firstly, the kinematic configurations and constraints are described, which determine the machine’s kinematic characteristics. The influence of the design parameters on the kinematic workspace is discussed. Finally, a two stage design methodology is presented, comprising kinematic design and design optimisation, the latter being based on the use of design maps rather than numerical optimisation. The performance measures considered during design optimisation include kinematic, static and quasi-static measures.

关键词： walking machine robot kinematics optimal design 1

Computational Models to Synthesize Human Walking

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2006年第3期3卷 127-138页

作者： Lei Ren david howard Laurence Kenney Structure and Motion Laboratory The Royal Veterinary College University of London North Mymms Hatfield AL9 7TA UK Centre for Rehabilitation and Human Performance Research University of Salford Salford M5 4WT UK

The synthesis of human walking is of great interest in biomechanics and biomimetic engineering due to its predictive capabilities and potential applications in clinical biomechanics, rehabilitation engineering and biomimetic robotics. In this paper, the various methods that have been used to synthesize humanwalking are reviewed from an engineering viewpoint. This involves a wide spectrum of approaches, from simple passive walking theories to large-scale computational models integrating the nervous, muscular and skeletal systems. These methods are roughly categorized under four headings： models inspired by the concept of a CPG （Central Pattern Generator）, methods based on the principles of control engineering, predictive gait simulation using optimisation, and models inspired by passive walking theory. The shortcomings and advantages of these methods are examined, and future directions are discussed in the context of providing insights into the neural control objectives driving gait and improving the stability of the predicted gaits. Future advancements are likely to be motivated by improved understanding of neural control strategies and the subtle complexities of the musculoskeletal system during human locomotion. It is only a matter of time before predictive gait models become a practical and valuable tool in clinical diagnosis, rehabilitation engineering and robotics.

关键词： predictive gait modelling human walking bipedal walking

A Phase-Dependent Hypothesis for Locomotor Functions of Human Foot Complex

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2008年第3期5卷 175-180页

作者： Lei Ren david howard Lu-quan Ren Chris Nester Li-mei Tian School of Physical Science and Engineering King＇s College of London University of London London WC2R 2LS UK Centre for Rehabilitation and Human Performance Research University of Salford Salford M5 4 WT UK Key Laboratory for Terrain-Machine Bionics Engineering Jilin University Changchun 130022 P R. China

The human foot is a very complex structure comprising numerous bones, muscles, ligaments and synovial joints. As the only component in contact with the ground, the foot complex delivers a variety of biomechanical functions during human locomotion, e.g. body support and propulsion, stability maintenance and impact absorption. These need the human foot to be rigid and damped to transmit ground reaction forces to the upper body and maintain body stability, and also to be compliant and resilient to moderate risky impacts and save energy. How does the human foot achieve these apparent conflicting functions？ In this study, we propose a phase-dependent hypothesis for the overall locomotor functions of the human foot complex based on in-vivo measurements of human natural gait and simulation results of a mathematical foot model. We propse that foot functions are highly dependent on gait phase, which is a major characteristics of human locomotion. In early stance just after heel strike, the foot mainly works as a shock absorber by moderating high impacts using the viscouselastic heel pad in both vertical and horizontal directions. In mid-stance phase （-80% of stance phase）, the foot complex can be considered as a springy rocker, reserving external mechanical work using the foot arch whilst moving ground contact point forward along a curved path to maintain body stability. In late stance after heel off, the foot complex mainly serves as a force modulator like a gear box, modulating effective mechanical advantages of ankle plantiflexor muscles using metatarsal-phalangeal joints. A sound under- standing of how diverse functions are implemented in a simple foot segment during human locomotion might be useful to gain insight into the overall foot locomotor functions and hence to facilitate clinical diagnosis, rehabilitation product design and humanoid robot development.

关键词： biomechanics human foot locomotion rollover model shock absorber spring phase-dependent

Impact of Proteinuria on Liver Enzyme Levels

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第9期12卷 759-760页

作者： david Yardeni Asif Hitawala Lilian howard Theo Heller Meryl Waldman Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Soroka University Medical CenterBeer-ShevaIsrael Liver Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Kidney Diseases Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

Dear Editors,We read with great interest the recently published article“Subnormal Serum Liver Enzyme Levels:A Review of Pathophysiology and Clinical Significance”by Youssef and colleagues.1 While much attention is given to elevations of liver enzymes,the authors highlight clinically important,often unrecognized reasons leading to low liver enzyme *** example,chronic kidney disease was cited as a cause of low serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST)proportional to the progression of the disease,but the cause(s)are not well *** is known about the possible influence of nephrotic syndrome(NS)on liver enzymes.

关键词： Impact Liver Levels

HUNZINGER CONSTRUCTION UNIVERSITY A PLATINUM SHOWCASE FOR EDUCATION

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Journal of Green Building 2008年第3期3卷 15-22页

作者： david Dell’Agnese Phil Vetterkind Frank Falsetti Jennifer Guslick david Hubka Bruce howard Hunzinger Construction Total Mechanical Lemberg Electric Company

INTRODUCTION Hunzinger Construction University(HCU)was founded in 2000 to provide quality continuing education and field training for Hunzinger Construction employees and outside *** August 2008,Hunzinger Construction... 详细信息

关键词： outside education Builder

X-波段电子顺磁共振的微观有序宏观无序谱分析

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光谱学与光谱分析 2007年第2期27卷 209-212页

作者：吴雪 Edmund howard Yuri Nesmelov david D Thomas 南开大学物理学院南开大学生物活性材料教育部重点实验室天津300071 Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology and BiophysicsUniversity of Minnesota

相关时间和序参量是表征自旋探针标记大分子运动与分布的两个重要参数。用合适的物理模型,通过线型分析同时确定这些参数在电子顺磁共振谱的解析中非常有意义。文章应用微观有序宏观无序(MO-MD)模型,在X-波段对具有轴对称磁参量自旋探针... 详细信息

相关时间和序参量是表征自旋探针标记大分子运动与分布的两个重要参数。用合适的物理模型,通过线型分析同时确定这些参数在电子顺磁共振谱的解析中非常有意义。文章应用微观有序宏观无序(MO-MD)模型,在X-波段对具有轴对称磁参量自旋探针的EPR谱进行了模拟计算,测量了波形的实验参数,比较了与经验公式分析的误差。对于MOMD谱,作者提出了分辨标准来筛选实验参数进行线型分析,以此确定了同时解析相关时间及内部序参量的有效区间。

关键词： EPR模拟 MOMD模型相关时间序参量